Calculating Speed and Velocity: Given Distance, Time, and Velocity, Study notes of English Philology

Download Calculating Speed and Velocity: Given Distance, Time, and Velocity and more Study notes English Philology in PDF only on Docsity! Name: _______________________________________________ Date: ______________ 12.2 Velocity and Speed Speed To determine the speed of an object, you need to know the distance traveled and the time taken to travel that distance. However, by rearranging the formula for speed, v = d/t, you can also determine the distance traveled or the time it took for the object to travel that distance, if you know the speed. For example, Equation... Gives you... If you know... v = d/t speed distance and time d = v × t distance speed and time t = d/v time distance and speed Use the SI system to solve the practice problems unless you are asked to write the answer using the English system of measurement. As you solve the problems, include all units and cancel appropriately. Example 1: What is the speed of a cheetah that travels 112.0 meters in 4.0 seconds? Looking for Speed of the cheetah. Given Distance = 112.0 meters Time = 4.0 seconds Relationship Solution The speed of the cheetah is 28 meters per second. Example 2: There are 1,609 meters in one mile. What is this cheetah’s speed in miles/hour? Looking for Speed of the cheetah in miles per hour. Given Distance = 112.0 meters Time = 4.0 seconds Relationships and 1, 609 meters = 1 mile Solution The speed of the cheetah in miles per hour is 63 mph. 1. A bicyclist travels 60.0 kilometers in 3.5 hours. What is the cyclist’s average speed? Looking for Given Relationships Solution 2. What is the average speed of a car that traveled 300.0 miles in 5.5 hours? 3. How much time would it take for the sound of thunder to travel 1,500 meters if sound travels at a speed of 330 m/s? 4. How much time would it take for an airplane to reach its destination if it traveled at an average speed of 790 kilometers/hour for a distance of 4,700 kilometers? What is the airplane’s speed in miles/ hour? 5. How far can a person run in 15 minutes if he or she runs at an average speed of 16 km/hr? (HINT: Remember to convert minutes to hours.) 6. In problem 5, what is the runner’s distance traveled in miles? 7. A snail can move approximately 0.30 meters per minute. How many meters can the snail cover in 15 minutes? 8. You know that there are 1,609 meters in a mile. The number of feet in a mile is 5,280. Use these equalities to answer the following problems: a. How many centimeters equals one inch? b. What is the speed of the snail in problem 7 in inches per minute? Example 2: A boat travels with a velocity equal to 14.0 meters per second, east in 5.15 seconds. What distance in meters does the boat travel? Looking for Distance the boat travels. Given Velocity = 14.0 meters per second, east Time = 5.15 seconds Relationship Solution The boat travels 72.1 meters. 1. An airplane flies 525 kilometers north in 1.25 hours. What is the airplane’s velocity? Looking for Given Relationship Solution 2. A soccer player kicks a ball 6.5 meters. How much time is needed for the ball to travel this distance if its velocity is 22 meters per second, south? 3. A cruise ship travels east across a river at 19.0 meters per minute. If the river is 4,250 meters wide, how long does it take for the ship to reach the other side? 4. Joaquin mows the lawn at his grandmother’s home during the summer months. Joaquin measured the distance across his grandmother’s lawn as 11.5 meters. a. If Joaquin mows one length across the lawn from east to west in 7.10 seconds, then what is the velocity of the lawnmower? b. Once he reaches the edge of the lawn, Joaquin turns the lawnmower around. He mows in the opposite direction but maintains the same speed. What is the velocity of the lawnmower? 5. A family drives 881 miles from Houston, Texas to Santa Fe, New Mexico for vacation. How long will it take the family to reach their destination if they travel at a velocity of 55.0 miles per hour, northwest? 6. A shopping cart is pushed 15.6 meters west across a parking lot in 5.2 seconds. What is the velocity of the shopping cart? 7. Katie and her best friend Liam play tennis every Saturday morning. When Katie serves the ball to Liam, it travels 9.5 meters south in 2.1 seconds. a. What is the velocity of the tennis ball? b. If the tennis ball travels at constant speed, what is its velocity when Liam returns Katie’s serve? 8. A driver realizes that she is traveling in the wrong direction on a one-way street. She has already driven 3.5 meters at a velocity of 16 meters per second, east before deciding to make a U-turn. How long did it take for the driver to realize her error? 9. Juan’s mother drives 12.5 miles southwest to her favorite shopping mall. What is the velocity of her automobile if she arrives at the mall in 7.25 minutes? 10. A bus is traveling at 79.7 kilometers per hour east, how far does the bus travel 1.45 hours? 11. A girl scout troop hiked 5.8 kilometers southeast in 1.5 hours.What was the troop’s velocity? 12. A volcanologist noted that a lahar rushed down a mountain at 32.2 kilometers per hour, south. How far did the mud flow in 17.5 minutes?