1TRENDS IN TOURISM, Schemes and Mind Maps of Tourism

Download 1TRENDS IN TOURISM and more Schemes and Mind Maps Tourism in PDF only on Docsity! 1 TRENDS IN TOURISM Exercise 1, page 8 C,A,F, B,D, E Exercise 2, page 8 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are mentioned. 1 3 4 5 6 7 Speaking amusement: Texts A and E education: Text B health: Text C religion: Text F shopping: Text D sport: Text C Example answers types of holiday: more foreign travel, decline of package holiday, tailored to individual tastes, exotic destinations advances in technology: the internet, online booking choice of accommodation: wider, e.g. self- catering, staying with indigenous population transport infrastructure: possible to access more places as developing countries’ infrastructure improves the profile of tourists: more people able to afford overseas travel Exercise 4, page 9 Students’ own answers. Listening Exercise 5, page 9 1, 4and 5 are mentioned. 1 torecharge their batteries, e.g. a short break to a capital city like Rome 4 fulfilling a dream, e.g. saving up to go ona round-the-world cruise 5 to gain prestige, e.g. travelling to an exotic location like Easter Island or the Antarctic Exercise 6, page 9 1get away 2refreshed 3 wish fulfilment 4 gainprestige Simpress_ 6 socialize ANSWER KEY Exercise 7, page 9 Push factors: better weather (for British people), desire for adventure, an activity that can’t be found at home Pull factors: destination is easy to get to and attractive, it is a cheap place to visit, it is holding a special event like the Olympics Speaking Exercise 8, page 9 Students’ own answers. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS Listening Exercise 1, page 10 hasn't disappeared 2 is disappearing 3 growing trend 4 emerging 5 are being opened 6 are being generated 7is expanding 8has been rising Qunderlying 10 shift Exercise 2, page 10 She predicts an increase in ‘slow travel’, i.e. journeys made by slower means than air travel, such as train, boat or bicycle and where the journey itself is part of the holiday. This is partly because fuel price rises will make flying more expensive and partly because of a general trend towards a slower and more reflective pace of life. Grammar Exercise 3, page 11 1’ve seen: F 2 ve been selling: U 3 have been destroyed: F 4 are using: U 5ishaving:U 6 are becoming: U English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Exercise 4, page 11 is rising / has been rising may be fulfilling has been rebuilt draws has changed is still changing has seen have been destroyed / are being destroyed has grown 10 has driven / has been driving 11 are moving / have been moving 12 is going 13 has also just arrived CAONAARWNH a= Exercise 5, page 11 Students’ own answers. PROFESSIONAL SKILLS USING VISUALS Exercise 1, page 12 1 They went up steadily during the first six months of this year but have been growing more gradually than during the peak growth periods of last year. 2 They reported a modest increase in traffic over the first 14 weeks but growth has declined slightly over recent weeks. 3. It has improved further but has levelled off. Exercise 2, page 12 Nouns: rise, increase, hike, decrease, surge Verbs: went up, growing, outpaced, declined, expand, soared, boost, improved, levelled off, rise, dip Adverbs: steadily, gradually, slightly, further, fast Adjectives: upward, modest, sharp, significant Exercise 3, page 12 Suggested answers rapid change: hike, surge, outpaced, soared, boost, fast, sharp to stop rising or falling: to level off ANSWER KEY Vocabulary Exercise 4, page 13 Abarchart Bpiechart Cline graph D table Extra activity 10.68% 29.05% 3120.1 5 50,000,000 4 450,000 Exercise 5, page 13 1bar 2segment 3 vertical axis A horizontal axis Srow 6 column Exercise 6, page 13 represents 2shows 3 portrays Aillustrates 5 breakdown CASE STUDY TAILOR A PACKAGE Getaway Travel Exercise 1, page 14 1 The WTO has predicted that China will be the fourth largest international market by 2020, representing 6.4 percent of the total market share. 2 The Chinese economy is growing and people have more to spend on travel. 3 8.3 = (million) the increase in the number of Chinese tourists who travelled overseas last year from the previous year 6.4% = the percentage of international tourism represented by the Chinese market 17.5% = the annual growth of China’s outbound tourism English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Exercise 8, page 19 number of votes cast amount spent on media coverage the global audience the number of one-minute videos uploaded the number of page views, i.e. the number of times the pages were viewed 6 the average time spent viewing the website PROFESSIONAL SKILLS MAINTAINING A WEBSITE Listening QRwna= Exercise 1, page 20 Student's own answers. Exercise 2, page 20 on a regular basis news releases updated content subscribe to an online newsletter mobile web devices and smartphones embedded video perfect medium search engines ONANEWN= Extra activity by updating it regularly recognize new and updated content They are time-consuming to write. podcasts, because customers can listen before or during the tour It allows visitors to get an idea of what a destination is really like. 6 optimize the site so that it will have a high ranking on search engines PONa a Exercise 3, page 20 1scan 2hits 3updating 4 ranking S broadcast 6 Embedded 7 traffic ANSWER KEY Writing Exercise 4, page 21 Suggested answers 1 non-transferrable person 3 Aninvoice will then be sent to you by return of post. Delete ‘money orders’. by the deposit due date on the booking form For most departures Receipt of your deposit indicates that you accept the terms and conditions. in writing In the event of a billing error, Cygnus reserves the right to re-invoice you with the correct pricing. 10 and your full deposit will be retained CASE STUDY IMPROVE A MEDIA PROFILE TheG Noonan oo Vall Exercise 1, page 22 1 families with an interest in nature and the animal kingdom 2 It appears to be in decline, despite the successful launch ten years ago. 3 unpredictable weather in an outdoor attraction, people having less money to spend on leisure activities, children preferring to spend their time online or playing video games Communication failure Exercise 2, page 23 1c 2d 3a 4b English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Exercise 3, page 23 1 Conversation 1: access to the site is difficult owing to poor signposting. Conversation 2: the leaflet is out of date and the lack of refreshments means that the family has to leave the site and an opportunity to make money from selling lunches and teas is missed. Conversation 3: the guide’s presentation is not adapted to the interests of the visitors —it is too academic and delivered in a boring tone of voice. Conversation 4: the website was designed by an amateur; the marketing strategy is old-fashioned and fails to use social media effectively to promote Genesis Valley. 2 Students’ own answers. A Itant’ rt Exercise 4, page 23 Students’ own answers. Possible outcome Genesis Valley is suffering from a number of management and communication problems. The ideas for an action plan generated during the meetings could include: + changing the media strategy away from printed material and focusing more on a revamped website and social media to promote the attraction. Information about Genesis Valley should be broadcast by podcasts and embedded video as well as text and static images. Above all, the attraction needs to be kept in the public mind by refreshing the web content, advertising events and sending email and sms alerts whenever something new is on offer. + identifying the visitor profile and targeting information towards this segment. Visitors could, for example, be asked their postcode and email address. + improving the way information is presented to visitors: better signage outside and inside the attraction and more interesting hands-on demonstrations and interactive talks. + improving catering facilities by opening a teashop and restaurant. + offering a family photo for sale at a modest price with marketing information printed on it. + training staff to have a more welcoming attitude. ANSWER KEY 3 HOTEL BRANDING Speaking Extra activity 1 Danone: France, Kellogg's: USA, Pepsi Cola: USA 2 Gap: USA, Amani: Italy, Rolex: UK 3 Rolls-Royce: UK, Nissan: Japan, Peugeot: France Apple: USA, Samsung: Korea, Siemens: Germany Exercise 2, page 24 Students’ own answers. Listening Exercise 3, page 24 A product is a fabricated article or a good that benefits the user in some way. A brand is an identity which adds value and makes a product or service different from the competition. McDonald’s is a good example as it embodies a concept involving family, fast service, value- for-money and consistently reliable quality. Exercise 4, page 24 1 fabricated article 2 good 3 benefits the user 4 identity 5 adds value 6 different from the competition 7 concept 8 fast service 9 value for money 10 reliable quality Exercise 5, page 25 1 It can tailor what it offers to the expectations, budget and travel needs of its guests. 2 They build up a brand image so that people know what to expect and create brand loyalty to encourage repeat business. 3 brand awareness, brand image, brand loyalty English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key ‘Reading Reading Exercise 4, page 27 Exercise 6, page 25 . The text mentions: Students’ own answers. Famous international 1 business collaboration (association of hotel hotel brands could include Hilton, Holiday Inn, brands with other brands) Ibis, Marriott, Sheraton. All hotels in the chain check-in and departure) will be recognizable by their use of colour, hotel décor (décor and furnishings) furnishings, facilities offered, etc. so that the grey market (older generation) staying in one hotel in the chain will be a social networks (secure social media) similar experience to another. NEON Exercise 5, page 27 Exercise 7, page 25 oo . . . is likely to, will, might, could, may well, likely, 1 They lacked warmth and personality. will definitely, will certainly, is unlikely that 2_ stylish, sophisticated, elegant, intimate, Additional expressions: implies that, are sure unique (also innovative, aesthetically pleasing, to warm, distinctive) 3 Major brands and independent owners work together to provide a unique environment Exercise 6, page 27 for guests in lifestyle hotels. Students’ own answers. They are likely to base their answers on the percentage of respondents in the survey who expressed the same ideas; 92 percent wanted 1uninspiring 2intimate 3 attentive personalization of the hotel stay and 57 4 aesthetically Sinnovative 6 stylish percent said that multigenerational holidays would become more popular. Exercise 8, page 25 Exercise 9, page 25 Students’ own answers. PROFES SIONAL HOTELS OF THE SKILLS FUTURE CREATING A ten BUSINESS PLAN Exercise 1, page 26 Speaking Students’ own answers. . Exercise 1, page 28 . Students’ own answers. Exercise 2, page 26 aSpeaker3 bSpeaker5 c Speaker 4 d Speaker 2 e Speaker 1 Exercise 2, page 28 1b 2d 3a 4e 5g 6f 7c Grammar Exercise 3, page 26 Exercise 3, page 29 (chances are 2 Inall probability A Financial forecasts B SWOT analysis 3 highly likely 4maynot 5 may well 6 bound tobe 7 could even be 8 probably won't earmark 2investment 3 balance sheet Abreakeven 5data 6value 7 calibre 8 advantage ANSWER KEY 7 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Grammar Exercise 5, page 35 1reminding 2stated 3 pointed out 4 acknowledged 5felt 6 warned 7urged 8confirmed 9 promised 10 disagreed 11 suggested 12 observed PROFESSIONAL SKILLS CHAIRING A MEETING Exercise 1, page 36 Students’ own answers. Exercise 2, page 36 Reasons why meetings can be frustrating: + The meeting lasts too long, causing boredom and lethargy. + Itis badly organized, possibly without an agenda, so it is difficult to focus the discussion. * There are no minutes to follow from the previous meeting, leading to time wasted at the beginning of the meeting. + The chairperson dominates the meeting without allowing others to participate effectively. Elements of a successful meeting: + Everyone is aware of its purpose. + The discussion is relevant to the points on the agenda. + Everyone is able to contribute. + Sufficient time is allocated to each topic. + No one is allowed to digress. + People are polite and do not interrupt or monopolise the proceedings. + The chair sums up and sets a date for the next meeting. Vocabulary Exercise 3, page 36 1i 2g 3f 4e 5c 6h 7j 10b 8d 9a ANSWER KEY Exercise 4, page 37 1State 2Appoint 3keep 4 Ensure 5Put 6Set 7Allow 8 Dominate Listening Exercise 5, page 37 Suggested answer The participants all represent organizations concemed with the protection of the Antarctic Ocean and marine life, so they will be interested in making sure the wreck of the MS Discovery does not do any environmental damage. Exercise 7, page 37 1 F (The objective is to discuss how such accidents can be avoided in future.) 27 3 F (They discuss refloating the ship before it starts leaking oil.) 4 F (Itis suggested that if the ship had had sonar, the accident could have been avoided.) 5 T (They were uncovered.) 6 T Extra activity 1 The peninsula off the coast of Chile (the Southern Ocean, though this is not stated). 2 At the bottom of the sea. 3 No. All 285 passengers and crew are safe. 4 Dr Howard says that the distances from Australia to the Antarctic are greater than those in this accident and that the sea is rougher. 5. It can interfere with some marine animals and also with contact between ships in the same area. 6 They are not properly protected against icebergs and frozen seawater; they produce a large amount of non-biodegradable garbage that ends up on the ocean floor; some companies have been convicted of discharging oil and waste chemicals into the water. 10 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Exercise 8, page 37 He carried out all of them except 6 and 7. He did not summarize the discussion as they were moving on to the next item on the agenda so the meeting was not yet finished. He did not call for a vote. Several suggestions were made (equipping ships with sonar, ensuring lifeboats are covered, improving training of crews, banning very large ships with unprotected hulls from sailing there) but these are not put to the vote and no decision is made. Writing Exercise 9, page 37 Model answer Meeting to discuss sinking of MS Discovery 31 March 20__ Present: Fernando Morales, Barbara White, Richard Baxter, Dr Howard, Tanya Olsen Apologies for absence: none Chairman Fernando Morales called the meeting to order at 10.30 a.m. 1 FM apologized for not circulating an agenda in advance and explained that this was in view of the need to hold the meeting at short notice. He explained that the meeting was Called to discuss the sinking of the MS Discovery and how such accidents could be avoided in future. 2 BW advised the meeting that the cruise ship MS Discovery sank last Thursday after hitting an iceberg near the Antarctic Peninsula. All 285 passengers and crew were rescued by an Australian vessel and safely flown to Chile. RB pointed out that the rescue ship took over three hours to arrive. DH added that a similar accident in the Australian Antarctic territory would have taken longer a rescue time because of greater distances and more extreme weather conditions. He felt that tourism management in east Antarctica was even more problematic than in the Peninsula. 3 TO asked if it would be possible to refloat the MS Discovery before it started leaking oil. FM advised that this point would be covered later in the meeting and asked BW. to comment on measures to avoid a recurrence of accidents at sea. 4 BWhnhoted that the MS Discovery did not have sonar. She felt that this contributed to the accident and suggested that all ships ANSWER KEY should be equipped with forward- and downward-looking sonar. DH disagreed that this would prevent accidents in all cases as if several ships were in the same area, their sonar would interfere with each other. He also pointed out that it could interfere with marine animals that use echolocation. 5 TO noted that the lifeboats involved in the rescue operation were uncovered, leading to passengers having to wait in freezing conditions for several hours. She suggested that lifeboats should be covered. FM reminded her that item 3 of the agenda would cover health and safety issues. 6 DH raised the issue of training, pointing out that, while the crew behaved professionally on this occasion, it highlighted the need for thorough training in rescue operations. 7 ‘RB felt that many cruise ships were not built to withstand arctic conditions and carried too many passengers. This resulted in a large amount of garbage being produced daily, much of this non-biodegradable, and would lie on the ocean floor. TO added that some tour operators had been prosecuted in recent years for discharging oil and causing pollution. FM called the meeting to order and moved on to the next item. CASE STUDY DEVELOP AN ECO-RESORT ‘Archi The B I Exercise 1, page 38 1 the mild climate, beautiful scenery, wildlife, comfortable hotels, activities and water sports festival 2 Some of the wildlife is at risk but there are conservation laws to protect the breeding colonies. The water sports are potentially a threat to marine life. 3 Many visitors enjoy their stay but it is also felt that the accommodation is bland and the activities unspectacular. Exercise 2, page 38 a, b, c, e, fand h are mentioned. 11 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Exercise 3, page 39 Topics in order mentioned: b (T), h (M), e (W), a (T), ¢(T), f(T). The points made are underlined in the audio script below. Meeting summary Exercise 6, page 39 The aim of the meeting is to attempt to reconcile opposing interests and reach a compromise. The Croatian Tourist Board is the instigator of the project and believes that it is: * financially viable (through private investment in the dinosaur park, rental income from the marina, year-round occupation). * attractive (modern accommodation and attractive leisure facilities). * ecological (local wood used for construction, wind turbines and solar panels to generate electricity). The member of the Croatian Wildlife Association is against the concept, seeing it as a threat to the landscape and indigenous wildlife for the benefit of visitors who are certainly not authentic eco-tourists and respectful of the environment. The mayor is ambivalent, seeing both advantages and disadvantages to himself and the local community. A compromise solution might involve: + abandoning the idea of a dinosaur theme park on Mali Brijun as the dinosaur footprints have been found on Veliki Brijun, not Mali Brijun. If the Croatian Tourist Board wants to go ahead with the idea, the mayor of Veliki Brijun might be favourable. * abandoning the construction of a marina as this would threaten the delicate marine life. * creating a luxury eco-resort which would offer affluent visitors a real sense of isolation and a ‘back-to-nature’ experience. This would create jobs and revenue from an eco-tax. * building a small jetty and creating a passenger ferry service two or four times a day for travel between the two islands. This would enable visitors on Mali Brijun to get away from time to time and enjoy the amenities on Veliki Brijun. No cars would be allowed on the island, only bicycles. ANSWER KEY 5 COME FLY WITH ME Reading Exercise 1, page 40 Students’ own answers. Exercise 2, page 40 1c 2b 3g 4d Se 6a 7f Exercise 3, page 40 (dedicated 2discounted 3 hub 4pay-as-you-go Sintransit 6 benchmark Exercise 4, page 40 Students’ own answers. Listening Exercise 5, page 41 aSpeaker 2 bSpeaker3 c Speaker 4 d Speaker 1 Exercise 6, page 41 Speaker 1: There should be visual icons to show where taxis, phones or wheelchairs are located. Speaker 2: Airports should employ more staff. Speaker 3: Airports should have open spaces and feel airy and unconstrained. Speaker 4: The landside areas should be designed so there is easier access to the terminal. 12 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key facilities: not enough seats in the lounges; if the airport had more retail space, it could increase revenue by renting it out to stores Minutes of the meeting Exercise 6, page 47 Possible outcome Discussion of the problems at Claybourne Airport should follow the agenda and incorporate the issues in Exercise 2 and the information exchanged between Groups A and B. 1 Check-in procedures: It would be unwise to abandon e-ticketing as this would only increase delays at check-in and passenger frustration. It should be possible to install self-service kiosks and also check ID at security. 2. Airport expansion: The airport is an important factor in the economic activity of the region and the transport authority should finance better road and rail links to and from the airport to alleviate congestion. Expansion is welcome in terms of employment, especially as the area suffers from high unemployment. This point should be made to Arthur Scarman of the TGWWU as there is a ready source of willing employees to replace any staff who withdraw their labour. The Plane Absurd movement may or may not be a short-term inconvenience but the airport should take measures to reduce the inconvenience to local residents by, for example, studying different flight paths and making sure that, when circling overhead, aircraft should do so at altitude. 3 Human resources: As stated above, there is no problem recruiting staff who are willing to work under new, more flexible conditions. In addition, as the CEO wishes to keep payroll costs down by not replacing staff, it will become more important for personnel to multitask. Management will probably accept some short-term disruption through strike action in the expectation of long-term gains. 4 Safety and security: Air traffic control cannot allow planes to land quickly because the runway and taxiway are inadequate for the number of aircraft. This represents a real danger to passengers in the air and creates delays on the ground. Therefore, the airport needs to invest in a second runway and reduce turnaround times. 5 Revenue stream: The fees paid by BeeLines need to be renegotiated as they are ANSWER KEY too low. A bigger airport and a second runway would mean more passengers and therefore, greater profits. An expanded airport would also increase non-aeronautical revenue (e.g. rented retail space) and help the airport to attract financing for its infrastructure projects (the second runway, an improved terminal and car parking). 15 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key 1 REVIEW AND CONSOLIDATION Tourism developments Exercise 1, page 48 is becoming, is getting, are travelling, are (increasingly) playing, are revealing Continuous aspect 1 are being built 2 has been growing 3 are being created 4 is being converted 5 are now becoming, both (has increased suggests that it is no longer increasing or that the speaker is only referring to a period up to the time of speaking, while has been increasing suggests that it is still increasing) 6 both (will offer suggests that the offer will be made once during the time period, while will be offering suggests a continuous offer for the whole month) 7 both (has risen suggests that it is no longer rising or that the speaker is only referring to a period up to the time of speaking, while has been rising suggests it is still rising) 8 travel, both (may fulfil means during the course of their lives; may be fulfilling means while they are travelling) Ups and downs Exercise 3, page 49 1 gradually 2slight 3 steadily 4modest 5 levelled off 6 declined Exel e 4, page 49 1A 2P 3A 4P 5P Countable and uncountable nouns 1U 2C 3U 4U 5U,C 6C 7C 8U,U ANSWER KEY Web words Exercise 6, page 50 T/LI/E/O}P/]1I@[LI[O;S|N/H CIRIA/S YIO|A|FIM|Y|G vic|rR|c|wi@/ElF/R/E|s|p Qlu|x|R|L)K/S\E|;K\E]oleE /s\ KC JolalD)s |Elo[n| dz E\mM\L][L}e/eitly|rRielmMis Ave; uUKCiALy ou Di e|N/H RIN AlE FF) Lt] B)elc|nlele chu R [slo] Ry AIC) TIN KA HJA|K|U;U/Q) F/O} s)w}t]o J/D|LJ/ulU;P|MJA/F/E]PlE FI@lAIN[D] wt |b TI Ha} R 1blog 2crash 3refresh 4load 5 font 6layout cursor 8 link 9 upload 11 search 12scroll 13 10 bandwidth menu Making predictions Exercise 7, page 50 1boundto 2chancesare 3 likelihood 4unlikely to 5could 6 probably won't The business plan Exercise 8, page 50 1brandidentity 2 overview 3 niche 4caterfor Spublicrelations 6 threats 7 forecasts 8bottom line 9 profit and loss 10 break even Branded vs boutique Exercise 9, page 50 uninspiring 2stylish 3 intimate Adistinctive 5 attentive Word fe Exercise 10, page 51 1leakage 2flown 3 requirements Atransferred 5 discontent 6 inappropriate 7 environmental 8 unsustainable 16 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Key word transformations Exercise 11, page 51 1 suggested (drastically) reducing 2 urged them / the meeting to take action / that action be taken recommended strictly monitoring visitor was warned not to sail going round in circles reach a decision unless 3 4 5 6 Dealing with difficult passengers Exercise 12, page 51 utmost 2inconvenience 3 calm down 4beyond 5Sexcuses 6hear 7 passing 8 claim The passive Exercise 13, page 51 2 He was denied entry because his passport had expired. 3 Stricter border controls have been enforced. 4 She complained because her medications had been confiscated. 5 Anew air traffic control system is being installed. 6 Passengers are restricted to one item of cabin baggage. ANSWER KEY Reading 6 HERITAGE Exercise 1, page 52 1C,a 2D,b 3A,a 4F,b 5B,c 6E,d Exercise 2, page 53 Lake Baikal 1 the world’s deepest and oldest lake, flora and fauna of exceptional value in the study of evolution 2 no 3 unfrozen freshwater, flora and fauna 4 Russia (Siberia) Altamira caves 1 masterpieces of creative genius and humanity's earliest accomplished art 2 caves date back to 16,000BcE 3 prehistoric cave paintings 4 Spain Sydney Opera House 1 one of the greatest architectural works of the 20th century 2 designed in 1957 3 vaulted shells covered by over 1 million tiles 4 Australia Sengambia stone circles 1 unique manifestation of a sophisticated and prosperous society 2 created between third century BCE and 16th century AD 3 laterite stone circles and graves and burial mounds 4 Senegal and Gambia Pompeii and Herculaneum 1 fascinating and unparalleled insight into life in the early Roman empire 2 Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 cE, ruins excavated as from the 18th century 3 excavated villas and ruins 4 italy Te Wahipounamu 1 amongst the finest landscapes in the Southern Hemisphere 2 no 3 ice-carved fjords, lakes and valleys 4 New Zealand 17 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key CASE STUDY DESIGN A MUSEUM EXHIBITION A present from the past Exercise 1, page 58 The collection includes artefacts and objects representing 2,000 years of history in East England and dating back to Viking times. They have to decide which items to display, based on their importance and potential interest to the public, and howto display them. A meeting to discuss the display 1 The family used to live in the west wing. The other wing was the servants’ quarters and the kitchen area. The entrance was the main hall where the family would eat and entertain. 2 Their ideas include a room about the house, another dedicated to the Gentlemen's Society, one about the geography of the local area, a room for local history and information on the Roman, Saxon and Viking influences and a room about local places of interest that have a connection with those periods. Exercise 3, page 58 Geoffrey Johnson, in 1399 Geoffrey and Tobias Johnson Tobias Johnson Tobias Johnson, in 1747 Isaac Newton, mathematician and scientist, and a member of the Gentlemen’s Society Matthew Flinders, the first person to circumnavigate Australia and a member of the Gentlemen’s Society Matthew Flinders Isaac Newton (Principia Mathematica) Q AWNA= oN ANSWER KEY Sorting the exhibits Exercise 4, page 59 Suggested answers Weapons and armour: axe, helmet, shield Jewellery: bracelet, brooch, pendant Navigation: compass, sextant, telescope Copies: model, replica, reproduction 20 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Exercise 5, page 59 Possible groupings and group names Romans * a1.5x 1m photo of excavations of a Roman salt-making site * remains of Roman clay pottery and mosaics + askeleton of a Roman soldier, with sword and helmet Saxons + Saxon axeheads, helmets and shields * acollection of Viking and Saxon coins and medals + manuscripts dating back to Saxon times Vikings + alife-size replica of a Viking longship * five combs carved from whalebone (circa eighth century) + ten silver pendants and brooches originating from Sweden Medieval * medieval kitchen utensils and bronze keys * aplan of Ascoby Hall in 1432 + prints and paintings showing life during the 15th century 18th century nautical * an 18th century telescope, compass and sextant * alarge map of the Australian coastline (1801-1803) * acollection of surgical instruments used on board ships 18th century literary * a first edition of Isaac Newton's Principia Mathematica * an 18th century inkpot and writing materials * copies of letters written by members of the Gentlemen's Society Drainage + photos of the Great Floods in 1947 and 1953 + models of windmills and steam engines used to pump water Local language * audio recordings of local residents (mid 20th century) * abook on the origin of place names * alist of words that used to be spoken in the local dialect Item not needed: a number of stuffed animals ANSWER KEY Exercise 6, page 59 Possible names for rooms: + The Romans + The Vikings + The Saxons + The medieval period + Exploration + The Gentlemen's Society + Draining the Fens + Language and local life Exercise 7, page 59 Possible outcome See answers to Exercises 5 and 6 for possible groupings of exhibits and names for the rooms. Here are some suggestions for items that could be sold in the gift shop: a guide book to the museum, a DVD tour of the museum, specialist books (e.g. the discovery of Australia, history of the Vikings), books on local history and geography, posters and postcards depicting some of the exhibits, models and replicas (e.g. coins, windmills, helmets, shields), painted Ascoby Hall pottery (e.g. bowls, mugs, plates), food (e.g. chocolate bars, tins of fudge, jam, cakes) decorated with pictures of Ascoby Hall In order to make the museum attractive to children, it should be interactive and hands-on, with things to press (e.g. to activate the arms of a windmill) and to listen to. Younger children could be given a quiz sheet for each room and outline drawings of exhibits to colour in (coloured pencils available to buy from the gift shop). 21 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key 7 MANAGING EVENTS Listen ing Exercise 1, page 60 1 events coordinator 2 amajor football club 3 degree in Travel and Tourism from Birmingham City University 4 9a.m—5 p.m., Monday to Friday; also has to be present at home games which are often on Saturdays 5 putting on events for the club 6 staging events for other people using the club's facilities Exercise 2, page 61 Problems and how Emma dealt with them: + Language problems requiring an interpreter which were not anticipated in advance. she found one at short notice but, unfortunately, the interpreter spoke a different dialect, so it was not an ideal solution. + A conference speaker forgot the date. She contacted him the previous day to confirm and therefore had time to find a replacement speaker. + Amatch was cancelled 15 minutes before it was due to start. She had prepared some alternative entertainment — a replay of the World Cup final on a big screen. Vocabulary call off—cancel celebrate — mark postpone — put off put on-stage Exercise 4, page 60 1puton 2stage 3mark 4 called off 5 postpone 6 cancel ANSWER KEY Grammar Exercise 5, page 61 4c would have ordered, had told 2 f hadn't had, would have been 3 e had been, would have set up 4 a _ would have cancelled, had registered 5 b_ hadn't checked, wouldn't have worked 6 d_ hadn't checked, wouldn't know Speaking Exercise 6, page 61 Students’ own answers. EVENT CONCEPT Listening Exercise 1, page 62 Why is this event being held? Who are the stakeholders of the event? When will the event take place? Where exactly will it be staged? What is there to see and do? QRwna Exercise 2, page 62 1 to showcase Gnawa music and dance and to celebrate the traditions and beliefs of Morocco’s Gnawa people 2 the host community, visitors from abroad, caterers, hoteliers, owners of bed and breakfast accommodation, airlines, tour operators, sponsors four days every summer at the end of June in Essaouira different concert sites dotted throughout the town, the medina, the Portuguese quarter, the fishing harbour, the beaches apw Exercise 3, page 62 1 mission statement 2 showcase 3host community 4 liaises 5 stand to gain 6sponsor 7 backs 8 coordinate 9 forward planning 10 logistics Exercise 4, page 62 2measurable 3 achievable 5 tine-specific 1 specific 4 relevant 22 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Exercise 4, page 67 Possible outcome The suggestions put forward by Global Productions go a long way to solving Nick's problems. On the basis of these, Yarwood could be encouraged to think again about its sponsorship. However, the idea of encouraging local firms to back the festival is also good. The following points should be noted: * The choice of the Sengalor racecourse as the venue will satisfy the readers of Jookbox magazine and avoid the security problems that marred the festival the previous year. + The target revenue from ticket sales is $600,000 but $350,000 of this is needed to pay off outstanding debts. The hire of the venue is $100,000 and the cost of the bands in excess of $375,000 to which should be added advertising expenses and agency costs for security, stage set-up and cleaning the site after the festival. Some of these costs will be offset by fees paid by caterers and the contribution from Warped Vinyl Records. + Asa result, the festival will still make a (probably smaller) loss this year. However, suggested improvements in the management of the event should ensure that a suitable sponsor is willing to come forward to make the festival a viable concern from a financial point of view. ANSWER KEY 8 CAREERS Speaking Exercise 1, page 68 Students’ own answers. Listening Exercise 2, page 68 a2 b3 c1,2 d4 e1,3 f1 h2 i3 j4 Speaker 1: e and g were successful Speaker 2: c was successful Speaker 3: b was successful Speaker 4: d was successful Exercise 3, page 68 1c 2g 3e 4a 5h 6i qj gi 8d 25 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Reading Exercise 4, page 69 Skirun.com company activity: web retailer specialized in the sale of ski and snowboarding holidays job title: ski sales manager role and responsibilities: leading a team of reservation consultants, training new recruits, briefing staff on new products and organizing daily work schedules candidate profile: outgoing, energetic, autonomous, able to work in a pressurized environment and have a good knowledge of ski holiday destinations remuneration: competitive salary, uncapped commission, free winter holidays On-TrackTours company activity: travel provider for the young seniors market job title: investigations executive role and responsibilities: in charge of handling customer complaints, researching issues with suppliers, requesting appropriate compensation and maintaining detailed records candidate profile: well-educated and computer-literate, previous track record in the travel industry, strong communication skills, methodical approach, integrity, ability to multi- task while working under pressure remuneration: negotiable depending on age and experience, fringe benefits include subsidized staff restaurant and a child care subsidy Howatt Hotels company activity: international hotel group job title: operations manager, Dubai role and responsibilities: identifying and following up all sales leads, keeping the team up-to-date concerning hotel and company activities through daily communications including financial and customer feedback, conducting interviews and contributing to recruitment decisions candidate profile: hard-working and articulate, a solid background in the hotel industry, standards-driven and detail-oriented, able to organize in a logical manner and plan ahead, first-rate leadership and people management skills, focused on providing a consistently high standard of customer service ANSWER KEY remuneration: excellent remuneration package including profit-related bonuses, company car and private medical insurance Exercise 5, page 69 2 He/She must have a keen eye for detail (ad A) / must be detail-oriented (ad C). 3 The ideal candidate must be able to work in a pressurized environment (ad A) / multi- task while working under pressure (ad B). 4 The person appointed must have a previous track record (ad B)/ a solid background (ad C) in the industry. 5 He/She must be autonomous (ad A) and standards-driven (ad C) / focused on providing a consistently high standard of customer service (ad C). 6 The candidate should have strong communication skills (ad B) / be articulate (ad C) and have previous telesales experience (ad A). 7 Responsibilities include conducting interviews (ad C) and contributing to recruitment decisions (ad C). 8 The ideal candidate will have first-rate leadership and people management skills (ad C). Vocabulary Exercise 6, page 69 Students’ own answers. Extra activity 1d 2b 3c 4i 5j 6f 7a Bh 9g 10e Speaking Exercise 7, page 69 Suggested factors (if students have difficulty thinking of them) * type of work + fringe benefits + high rates of remuneration * promotion prospects + the company’s reputation + pleasant working environment + flexible working hours + relationship with colleagues 26 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key SELLING YOURSELF Grammar Exercise 7, page 70 Students’ own answers. Exercise 1, page 70 Students’ own answers. Exercise 2, page 70 Students’ own answers. Listening Exercise 3, page 70 aSpeaker3 bSpeaker1 c Speaker 2 d Speaker 2 eSpeaker1 f Speaker 2 Exercise 4, page 70 Should do + print on good-quality paper + mention hobbies that show positive qualities, e.g. stamina and resourcefulness + describe education and qualifications in straightforward language * tailor the CV to the job description + include a personal profile + learn expressions to describe skills and work experience + beconcise and use bullet points to list key accomplishments Shouldn’t do + make it too long — one A4 page is enough + mention solitary, passive interests + include a photo when applying to the USA + use foreign acronyms or abbreviations + be repetitive or write long sentences + make spelling or grammatical mistakes * over-use colours and different fonts Speaking Exercise 5, page 70 Students’ own answers. Exercise 6, page 70 Students’ own answers. ANSWER KEY Exercise 8, page 71 1d 2a 3b 4c 5c 6b 7b Ba 9b 10c 11d 12d Extra activity Suggested answers | am wniting to apply for the position of (job title) which was advertised on (name of website) | have a proven track record in (list skills) | am interested in pursuing a career in (name of profession) As you will see from the enclosed CV (for a letter; attached CV for an email) | have considerable experience in (skills area) | have always succeeded in (name of activity) In addition, ... | am available for interview from (date; or at any time) Please do not hesitate to contact me if you require further information. | look forward to hearing from you. 27 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Exercise 4, page 75 Students’ own answers. Exercise 6, page 75 Possible outcome Each of the four candidates has strengths and weaknesses. Carlos de Sousa Strengths: highly educated, has initiative (started his own business), knowledge of spa business, financial background Weaknesses: over-qualified for the post, too theoretical, not fluent in Spanish Jennifer Watson Strengths: practical knowledge of spas and therapy, enthusiastic, gets on well with people, in contact with the Spanish language Weaknesses: no management or financial experience, may get bored with routine work Graham Nash Strengths: relevant education, previous experience in spa resorts, gets on well with people, fluent in Spanish; previous managerial experience Weaknesses: over-qualified for the post, high salary expectations, may leave relatively quickly to open up his own spa Carmen Rosa Strengths: native Spanish speaker, relevant qualifications, relevant previous experience, interested in thalassotherapy and good level of English, reasonable salary expectations, needs little supervision Weaknesses: possibly lacking in communication skills, lacking in self-esteem (willing to work for a low salary) This analysis suggests that Carmen is the person to appoint, though other analyses are possible — students may decide that Graham is the right candidate even though he may not stay long (and they could decide to offer him incentives to stay). ANSWER KEY 9 GASTRONOMY Reading Exercise 1, page 76 See answers in Exercise 3. Exercise 2, page 76 Students’ own answers. Listening Exercise 3, page 76 1a 2d 3b 4c 5a 6a 7b 8c 9d 10 Asushi Bmoules frites C borscht Extra activity 1ltaly 2France 3Spain 4France 5 Italy Exercise 4, page 77 Students’ own answers. Reading Exercise 5, page 77 1 Eating is necessary in order to survive, whereas dining out is a pleasure. 2. Local food can enhance sustainability, maintain a destination’s authenticity, strengthen the local economy, provide an environmentally-friendly infrastructure, support local farmers and fishermen and protect the environment by avoiding the transportation of food over long distances. 3 1 Tourists are ready to spend more money on gourmet products, dining out and sampling local produce. 2 Changing lifestyles mean that certain socio-economic categories are likely candidates for the food tourism market. 3 a growing rejection of bland, mass-produced food and drink 4 Foreign foods are more accessible and tempt people to discover the ‘real thing’. 5 the influence of the media 30 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Extra activity 1 To get the best out of people they have to be properly nourished so that they are fit and healthy. 2 acampaign aimed at promoting a particular place or destination 3 Food which has not travelled a long distance is fresher and often better quality. 4 They are perceived as having a higher disposable income and more leisure time as they are not supporting a young family. 5 Celebrity chefs who promote the idea of gourmet cooking at home and holidays based around cookery courses in the country of origin of particular cuisines are becoming more popular. Exercise 6, page 77 1tempt the palate 2bland 3savour 4wine and dine 5 palate 6 gourmet products 7 forked out 8 whet the appetite Qproduce 10 fare DESCRIBING DISHES Reading Exercise 1, page 78 1a 2b 3a 4a 5c 6d Exercise 2, page 78 Students’ own answers. If they are having difficulty, you could suggest: * pointing out that a dish is rarely served as it is not often in season. * encouraging diners to have an extra side dish and to have a coffee after their meal. + bringing round a dessert trolley so that they can see what is on offer. ANSWER KEY Extra activity 1 Sparkling, sometimes called fizzy, water has been carbonated to give it bubbles. Some more expensive waters are naturally carbonated; in others it is done at the bottling plant. Still water does not have bubbles. 2 Itmeans the juice has been pressed on the premises and is not preserved, concentrated or sweetened. 3 deep fried potatoes cut in long, thin slices, known as chips in the UK but French fries in the USA 4 cooked meat or fish moulded into the shape of a bread loaf and served cold, sliced 5 It makes the dish sound more exotic and the diner feels sophisticated. This is a phenomenon particularly associated with the UK and the USA, whose traditional food is thought of as simple and hearty rather than sophisticated. Vocabula Exercise 3, page 78 P: appetizing, delicious, done to a turn, mouth-watering, ripe, succulent, tasty, tender N: bland, greasy, insipid, rancid, rotten, tough Exercise 4, page 78 1_ bake, fry 2. grill, roast, simmer, stew (also boil, if itis a tough piece of meat) boil, fry, steam boil, fry, poach boil, bake bake, boil, fry, roast, simmer, steam, stew AnARw Extra activity The most likely collocations are: vos e, f,h, i d,e,h,i,j -eop7a oy a c (meat is also possible, but not fish) g 0j a 31 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key ‘Listen ing Exercise 5, page 79 1tender 2grilled 3served 4 baked Stopped 6 (tasty) stew 7 flavoured with 8 fresh 9 stuffed 10 steamed 11 accompanied Grammar Exercise 6, page 79 Suggested answers 1 Gazpacho, which originated in the Andalucia region of Spain, is a tomato-based soup usually served cold. Gazpacho, which is a tomato-based soup usually served cold, originated in the Andalucia region of Spain. Gazpacho is a tomato-based soup usually served cold which/that originated in the Spanish region of Andalucia. 2 Bouillabaisse is a traditional fish stew which/ that originated in the city of Marseille, France. Bouillabaisse, which originated in the city of Marseille, France, is a traditional fish stew. 3 Croissants, which are eaten freshly baked at breakfast, are flaky, crescent-shaped pastries. Croissants are flaky, crescent-shaped pastries which/that are eaten freshly baked at breakfast. 4 Pho, which is a Vietnamese noodle soup, is served with beef or chicken and is a popular street food. Pho is a Vietnamese noodle soup which/fthat is served with beef or chicken and is a popular street food. Pho, which is a popular street food in Vietnam, is a noodle soup served with beef or chicken. 5 Chow mein, which is popular in American- Chinese cuisine, is of two main kinds, steamed or crispy, and is a stir-fried dish consisting of noodles, meat and vegetables Chow mein, which is a stir-fried dish consisting of noodles, meat and vegetables, is popular in American—Chinese cuisine, and is of two main kinds: steamed or crispy. Chow mein is a stir-fried dish consisting of noodles, meat and vegetables which/that is popular in American—Chinese cuisine, and is of two main kinds: steamed or crispy. 6 Goulash, which originated in Hungary, isa thick meat stew and a popular meal in eastern Europe. ANSWER KEY Goulash is a thick meat stew which/that originated in Hungary and is a popular meal in eastern Europe. Goulash, which is a popular meal in Eastern Europe, is a thick meat stew which/that originated in Hungary. PROFESSIONAL SKILLS GIVING FEEDBACK Listening Exercise 1, page 80 Students’ own answers. Exercise 2, page 80 aSpeaker6 bSpeaker2 c Speaker 3 dSpeaker5 eSpeaker7 f Speaker 1 g Speaker 4 Reading Exercise 3, page 80 long wait time, service (wrong orders) long wait time, service (forgotten orders) loud music service (constant interruptions) food quality (lack of garnish, guacamole unavailable) food quality (dirty plate and cutlery) QRwna a 32 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key 10 RISK Reading Exercise 1, page 84 Hotel Type of risk: fire Measures taken: maintenance of electrical wiring and heating systems; installation of smoke alarms, fire extinguishers and sprinklers; smoking forbidden Type of risk: evacuation during a fire alert Measures taken: exits clearly indicated; obstructions removed; emergency lighting Restaurant Type of risk: being electrocuted because of water spillage; grease fires caused by electricity; slipping on wet floors Measures taken: warn staff not to plug anything in if the cord is wet or they are touching a wet surface; circuit breakers in sockets to reduce risk of electrocution; extractor and ventilation fans to remove steam and grease; all pans covered by lids when carried; spillages wiped up immediately; leakages reported immediately; non-slip shoes issued to staff Speaking Exercise 2, page 85 Students work in pairs to discuss the questions. You could ask each member of the pair to deal with one of the questions, then share information by asking each other questions about the risks associated with each type of venue. Alternatively, in a larger class you could allocate one risk to each student and ask them to write down their ideas before sharing information. Take whole class feedback. Students’ own answers. Vocabulary Exercise 3, page 85 Natural: avalanches, floods, hurricanes Health: infectious diseases, pandemics, personal injuries Economic: currency fluctuations, recession, rising fuel prices Civil unrest: demonstrations, riots, strikes Crime: fraud, hijacking, kidnapping ANSWER KEY Exercise 4, page 85 1 spread (The others are about reducing or making smaller.) 2 monitor (The others are about looking to the future.) 3 warn (The others are about stopping something from happening.) 4 protected (The others express something likely to cause harm.) 5 enabled (The others express something allowed by an official authority.) Extra activity 1 appliance 2 evacuation 4 extractor/extraction 7 lightinghight 8 10 spillage 3 exposure 5 failure 6 leakage maintenance 9 plug Listening Exercise 5, page 85 Possible sources of risk: earthquakes, high crime rate, civil unrest, strikes or rioting Stages of risk management: identify the risk; analyze the risk in terms of impact, frequency, duration and scope; treat by avoiding the risk or by putting in place preventative measures; set up a crisis planning committee to create a risk management plan Those involved: crisis planning committee consisting of representatives in key departments and key stakeholders in the business Extra activity 1 to identify the source of the risk, the kind of risk it is and its scope 2. the type of risk, e.g. earthquake, crime or civil unrest 3 impact (severity of the potential damage), frequency (how often it may occur), duration (how long it may last) and scope (the extent of the damage it could cause) 4 not using a hotel situated in a flood plain, not offering a dangerous adventure activity fire and cyclone information security an Exercise 6, page 85 1 address 4 consult 2brainstorm 3 prioritize Smonitor 6 review 35 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key EXTREME SPORTS Exercise 1, page 86 1remote 2slight 3 acceptable 4 considerable 5 huge Exercise 2, page 86 Students’ own answers. Exercise 3, page 86 Students’ own answers. Exercise 4, page 86 Students’ own answers. Listen ing Exercise 5, page 86 1 Three people were involved: a 44-year-old man driving a snow groomer, a 12-year-old girl and her brother, aged 9. 2 After the slopes had closed for the day, the girl was seriously injured when she collided with the snow groomer at the bottom of the beginner slope. Her brother managed to throw himself clear before the sled hit the machine. 3 The snow groomer was travelling fast and its driver was inexperienced. In addition, he had failed to take his medication and his judgement may have been impaired. ANSWER KEY Reading Exercise 6, page 87 41 The accident occurred at 18.19, not after 19.00. The sled was made of plastic, not wood. The driver was experienced, not recently recruited. He was driving at no more than 9 kph, not 19 kph. 2 The accident could have been avoided if the resort had banned the use of sleds after the resort had closed for the day. A notice could have been put up to that effect. The parents should have supervised the activities of the children and realized the danger. 3 Blame lies both with the owners of the resort and the parents. The driver was not at fault. Grammar Exercise 7, page 87 1 The driver may/might have been taken ill. 2 He couldn't possibly have seen the sled. He must have been driving very slowly at the time. 3 The owners should have informed users of the hazard. People shouldn’t have been on the slopes at that time. 36 English for International Tourism Upper Intermediate Answer Key Exercise 8, page 87 1 The skier should not have been in that area. He should have provided his correct contact details and shouldn't have denied responsibility as it was clearly his fault. He must have seen her before he knocked her over. The woman must have been frightened. 2 The child couldn’t have known the raft was a new design. The owner shouldn't have allowed a child to test the raft. The owner should have renewed his insurance policy. The manufacturer may have known that the raft might capsize. The child may not have been wearing a life jacket. The family must have been shocked and angry. 3 The instructor should have radioed for help and shouldn't have told a novice skier to negotiate the slope alone and off-piste. Visibility must have been poor. The instructor may not have heard the weather forecast. The organizers shouldn't have denied responsibility because this was a package holiday and they are liable for the negligence of their employees. PROFESSIONAL SKILLS DEALING WITH CRISES Listening Exercise 1, page 88 1 F (Many companies don't see it asa priority.) 2 F (Therisks are the same wherever the holiday is because of risks such as natural disasters.) 3 OT 4 F (They do not always have contact details close at hand.) 5 F (It is better not to use social networking sites because of the risk of distressing relatives.) ANSWER KEY Reading Exercise 2, page 88 Companies should brief their staff and run a simulation. They should designate someone to be in charge in the event of a crisis and decide who is to take phone calls. Staff need to be trained in dealing with next of kin and friends. The website and sms messages should be used to keep people informed. Extra activity 1d 2f 3e 4g 5a 6b 7c Exercise 3, page 88 Before the crisis: 3, 4,6, 9 During the crisis: 1, 2, 8 After the crisis: 5, 7 Exercise 4, page 89 1d 2e 3c 4f 5a 6b THE OLYMPIC GAME Extra activity 1c 2f 31 4g 5j 6a 7b 8e Qh 10d Exercise 1, page 90 1b 2e 3f 4a 5c 6d 37