Organizational Management: Terms and Concepts, Quizzes of Introduction to Business Management

Download Organizational Management: Terms and Concepts and more Quizzes Introduction to Business Management in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Organization Chart DEFINITION 1 The reporting structure and division of labor in an organization TERM 2 Division of Labor DEFINITION 2 The assignment of different tasks to different people or groups TERM 3 Specialization DEFINITION 3 A process in which different individuals and units perform different tasks TERM 4 Coordination DEFINITION 4 The procedures that link the various parts of an organization for the purpose of achieving the organization's overall mission TERM 5 What are the Steps in Effective Delegation? DEFINITION 5 1) Define the goal succinctly2) Select the person for the task3) Solicit the subordinate's views about suggested approaches4) Give the subordinate the authority, time, and resources (people, money, equipment) to perform the assignment5) Schedule checkpoints for reviewing progress6) Follow through by discussing progress at appropriate intervals TERM 6 Differentiation DEFINITION 6 Job specialization and the division of laborand requires Integration TERM 7 Integration DEFINITION 7 The degree to which differentiated work units work together and coordinate their efforts TERM 8 Coordination refers to... DEFINITION 8 the procedures that link the various parts of the organizations to achievethe organizations overall mission TERM 9 Delegation DEFINITION 9 The assignment of new or additional responsibilities to a subordinate TERM 10 Responsibility DEFINITION 10 The assignment of a task that an employee is supposed to carry out TERM 21 Coordination by Mutual Adjustment DEFINITION 21 - Units interact with one another to make accommodations in order to achieve flexibility- Involves feedback and discussions to jointly approach problems and devise solutions- Can be effective when problems are novel and cannot be programmed in advance with rules, procedures, or plans TERM 22 Coordination and Communication DEFINITION 22 Two General Strategies1) Management can act to reduce the need for information2) Management can increase its capacity to handle more information TERM 23 Advantages of Delegation DEFINITION 23 - Leverages managers' energy and talent- Allows managers to accomplish more than they could on their own TERM 24 Span of Control DEFINITION 24 The number of subordinates who report directly to an executive or supervisor TERM 25 Span of Control should be wider when.. DEFINITION 25 - The work is clearly defined and unambiguous- Subordinates are highly trained and have access to information- The manager is highly capable and supportive- Jobs are similar and performance measures are comparable- Subordinates prefer autonomy to close supervisory control TERM 26 What is a Matrix Organization DEFINITION 26 An organization composed of dual reporting relationships in which some managers report to two superiors - a functional manager and a divisional manager TERM 27 What is Departmentalization? DEFINITION 27 Subdividing an organization into smaller subunits TERM 28 What is a Functional Organization? DEFINITION 28 Departmentalization around specialized activities such as production, marketing, and human resources TERM 29 What is Divisional Organization? DEFINITION 29 Departmentalization that group units around products, customers, or geographic regions TERM 30 What is a Network Organization? DEFINITION 30 A collection of independent, mostly single-function firms that collaborate on a good or service TERM 31 Who is a Broker? DEFINITION 31 A person who assembles and coordinates participants in a network TERM 32 What is Vision? DEFINITION 32 A mental image of a possible and desirable future state of the organization TERM 33 What is Supervisory Leadership? DEFINITION 33 Behavior that provides guidance, support, and corrective feedback for day-to-day activities TERM 34 What is Strategic Leadership? DEFINITION 34 Behavior that gives purpose and meaning to organizations, envisioning and creating a positive future TERM 35 What are the Sources of Power? DEFINITION 35 1) Legitimate Power2) Reward Power3) Coercive Power4) Referent Power5) Expert Power TERM 46 Knowledge of the business DEFINITION 46 Leaders must have the intelligence to interpret vast quantities of information.-The ability to perceive the needs and goals of others and to adjust one's personal leadership approach accordingly. TERM 47 Behavioral Approach DEFINITION 47 The behavioral approach to leadership attempts to identify what good leaders do --that is, what behaviors they exhibitPersonal characteristics are considered less important than the actual behaviors that leaders exhibit. TERM 48 Task Performance Behavior DEFINITION 48 Actions taken to ensure that the work group or organization reaches its goals TERM 49 Group Maintenance Behavior DEFINITION 49 Actions taken to ensure that satisfaction of group members, develop and maintain harmonious relationships, and preserve the social stability of the group TERM 50 Autocratic Leadership DEFINITION 50 A form of leadership in which the leader makes decisions on his or her own and then announces them to the group TERM 51 Democratic Leadership DEFINITION 51 A form of leadership in which the leader solicits input from subordinates TERM 52 Laissez-faire DEFINITION 52 A leadership philosophy characterized by an absence of managerial decision makingThe leader made no decisions. TERM 53 Situational Approach DEFINITION 53 Leaderships perspective proposing that universally important traits and behaviors do not exist and that effective leadership behavior varies from situation to situationThe leader should first analyze the situation and then decide what to do. TERM 54 Contingency Model DEFINITION 54 A situational approach to leadership postulating that effectiveness depends on the personal style of the leader and the degree to which the situation gives the leader power, control, and influence over the situation TERM 55 Motivation DEFINITION 55 Forces that energize, direct, and sustain a person's efforts TERM 56 Goal-setting Theory DEFINITION 56 A motivation theory stating that people have conscious goals that energize them and direct their thoughts and behaviors toward a particular end TERM 57 Psychological Contract DEFINITION 57 A set of perceptions of what employees owe their employers and what their employers owe them TERM 58 Positive Reinforcement DEFINITION 58 Applying consequences that increase the likelihood that a person will repeat the behavior that led to it TERM 59 Negative Reinforcement DEFINITION 59 Removing or withholding an undesirable consequence TERM 60 Punishment DEFINITION 60 Administering an aversive consequence TERM 71 Job Rotation DEFINITION 71 Changing from one routine task to another to alleviate boredom TERM 72 Job Enlargement DEFINITION 72 Giving people additional tasks at the same time to alleviate boredom TERM 73 Herzberg's two-factory theory DEFINITION 73 1)Hygienefactor2) Motivators TERM 74 Hygiene Factor DEFINITION 74 characteristics of the workplace- Associated with job environment. Needed to avoid dissatisfaction1. Salary 6. Working Conditions2. Status 7. Fringe Benefits3. Supervision4. Other workers5. Company policies TERM 75 Motivating Factor DEFINITION 75 factors that make a job more motivating such as additional jobresponsibilities, opportunities for personal growth and recognition, and feelings of achievement- Associated with job content. Needed to provide job satisfaction1. Feeling of job accomplishment2. job recognition3. on the job challenge4. growth on the job TERM 76 Equity Theory DEFINITION 76 A Theory stating that people assess how fairly they have been treated according to two key factors:Outcomes and Inputs TERM 77 Job Enrichment DEFINITION 77 jobs are restructured or redesigned by adding higher levels of responsibility. TERM 78 Law of Effect DEFINITION 78 behavior that is followed by positive consequences will likely be repeated.