50 Questions for Exam 3 - Animal Feeding and Nutrition | ANS 313, Exams of Animal Biology

Download 50 Questions for Exam 3 - Animal Feeding and Nutrition | ANS 313 and more Exams Animal Biology in PDF only on Docsity! ANS 313 Exam 3, 2012 (100 points; 2 points/question) Complete scantron for all answers. True/False 1. T F The ten “commonly considered essential amino acids” (PVT TIM HALL) are needed in the diets of all animals, as dictated by the genetic code. 2. T F Lysine is typically the most limiting amino acid in corn grain. If scientists could get corn plants to put more lysine into grain, the protein quality would be considerably improved. 3. T F Most animals thrive when fed a diet that is deficient in valine because they simply substitute another one of the large neutral aliphatic amino acids in its place when synthesizing proteins. 4. T F Asparagine is one of the four amino acids preferentially used by gut tissues as a fuel source and thus it must be included in an animal’s diet (it is essential). 5. T F Protein quality is more important for a horse than for a goat because microbial protein, which has a great AA profile, makes up about half of the protein absorbed in the small intestine of a goat. 6. T F In general, raw soybeans should not be fed to pigs because they contain a compound that inhibits protein digestion. 7. T F To accurately estimate the biological value of two protein sources, simply average the values for each source. 8. T F Taurine is an amino acid that is especially important for cats because cats are adapted to high protein diets and many tissues (such as liver) in a cat make unusual proteins that contain more taurine than in other animals. 9. T F The N recycling that occurs in a ruminant is especially useful to a water buffalo eating only straw (very low in protein) because the urea that comes back to the rumen helps supply the bacteria with a source of N. 10. T F Because dietary protein is preferentially converted to body protein, an animal almost never become obese by eating a diet high in protein relative to energy. Matching 11-14 (use each answer only once, one answer will not be used) Choices: a. tyrosine b. tryptophan c. glutamine d. arginine e. none of these 11. This AA has a complicated structure and is a precursor for neurotransmitters that can make you sleepy. 12. Part of the urea cycle, this AA is generally considered essential. Many adult mammals can make their own 13. Corn has lots of this branched-chain AA, and its metabolites are involved in regulating protein synthesis. 14. This large neutral AA is a precursor for the thyroid hormones. Multiple Choice (only one best answer per question) 15. Which of the following consists only of the ten AA that are generally considered essential? a. lys, leu, trp b. thr, trp, ala c. his, pro, met d. his, pro, val e. all of these are essential 16. An adult horse consumes 100 g of N per day. The amount of N in feces and urine (g/day) likely will be: a. 0 or less b. 10 to 40 c. 50 to 80 d. 100 or more 17. The approximate ME value (in kcal/g) of a protein that is 80% digested but none of it is retained (all used as fuel): a. 2.0 or less b. 2.1 to 3.0 c. 3.1 to 4.0 d. 4.1 or more e. more information is needed 18. Farmer Banks feeds his prize Tennessee jumping mules a diet of mostly ground corn and grass hay. What would be a good protein source to mix with the diet? a. lysine hydrochloride b. urea c. soybean meal d. distillers grains e. none of these 19. Farmer Fogwell feeds a group of young pigs a diet of ground corn. They are not growing well. He can add one ingredient. Which of the following should he choose? a. urea (280%CP, 40¢/lb) only helpful for ruminants b. lysine (100%CP, $1.00/lb) no other amino acids c. bloodmeal (80%CP, 40¢/lb) would need a lot, expensive d. soybean meal (55%CP, 20¢/lb) 20. Rumen microbial protein: a. has a higher biological value than the protein of cereal grains. b. has a better amino acid profile than milk protein c. is much more digestible than the protein of soybeans d. all of these 21. A broiler diet contains 90% corn and 5% soybean meal in addition to some oil and minerals and vitamins. Assuming all nutrients other than protein are well balanced, for which of the following growth goals would this diet be most suitable? a. best carcass b. lean carcass c. rapid growth d. cheap feed costs 22. A broiler diet contains 30% corn and 60% soybean meal in addition to some oil and minerals and vitamins. Assuming all nutrients other than protein are well balanced, for which of the following growth goals would this diet be most suitable? a. best carcass b. lean carcass c. rapid growth d. cheap feed costs 23. The ratio of protein to energy in an animal’s diet should be increased in which of the following situations? a. cold weather b. weight-loss diet c. fat-free diet d. all of these e. none of these 24. Why might a nutritionist be more interested in knowing the amino acid balance of expeller (heat-treated) soybean meal than that of regular solvent-extracted soybean meal? a. Most of the protein in the expeller SBM but not the solvent SBM is degraded in the rumen . b. Most of the protein in the expeller SBM but not the solvent SBM is digested by the animal. c. Most of the protein in the solvent SBM but not the expeller SBM is degraded in the rumen. d. Most of the protein in the solvent SBM but not the expeller SBM is digested by the animal.. 25-27. A growing pig is fed a protein-limiting diet. Per day, it consumes 20 g of N and excretes 4 g N in feces and 8 g N in urine. (Note that grams of N are being reported, not protein). 25. The biological value of the protein is: a. 20-30% b. 40-50% c. 60-70% d. 80-90% 26. Apparent digestibility of the protein is: a. 20-30% b. 40-50% c. 60-70% d. 80-90% 27. Body protein gain is: a. 5-10 g/d b. 20-60 g/d c. 80-250 g/d d. none of these 28-30. Evaluate the following test diet for a growing chicken and choose the correct responses below. TEST DIET ME (kcal/g) % CP % lys % met % trp % ile Totals (supplied) 3.50 16.0 1.05 0.44 0.08 0.80 Requirements 3.20 18.0 1.00 0.40 0.06 0.55 28. Which nutrient is most likely to limit growth? Assume all AA not reported are supplied in adequate amounts. a. Energy b. CP c. lys d. met e. trp 29. Based on the energy supply, what %lys should the test diet contain to closely meet requirements? a. 0.9% b. 1.0% c. 1.1% d. 10% e. none of these is within 5% 30. What will happen to the extra isoleucine? a. like other branched-chain AA, it will be stored in skeletal muscle b. it will be catabolized and used as a fuel source c. it will be excreted in urine and cause maple syrup urine disease d. all of these 31-32. The table shows composition of a grain mix along with recommended concentrations for a weanling growing horse from Kentucky Equine Research. The diet consists of one-third hay and two-thirds grain mix. The grain mix contains mostly corn, soybean meal, byproduct feeds (like corn gluten feed) and a mineral/vitamin supplement. Assume the energy values for corn and soybean meal are about the same for growing horses. 31. Replacing some corn with which of the following feestuffs would increase the rate of lean growth the most? a. lysine HCL b. soybean meal c. both of these would help d. neither would make a difference 32 The amount of CP in this diet is too high and will impair the horses health. a. yes b. no 33-36. The following table shows protein requirements for young growing pigs (40 lb body weight) in their thermoneutral zone along with the specifications for 4 diets. Answer questions 33-36 using this table. In all cases, assume the pigs are fed ad libitum and that the other AA are not limiting. This is not matching—one diet could be the answer to more than one question. ME (kcal/g) % CP % lys %M+C %arg %ile %trp %thr $/Mcal ME Normal Requirements 3.26 24 1.35 0.76 0.54 0.73 0.24 0.86 a. Diet A 3.29 25 1.31 0.94 1.25 1.05 0.32 1.02 $0.21 b. Diet B 2.72 21 1.33 0.75 0.54 0.72 0.24 0.89 $0.17 c. Diet C 3.25 16 1.36 0.75 0.71 0.81 0.24 0.86 $0.20 d. Diet D 3.58 24 1.50 0.94 1.15 0.86 0.27 0.99 $0.20 33. Which diet would be most profitable for 40 lb pigs in their thermoneutral zone? 34. Which diet would have the highest blood urea N concentrations and urinary N output? 35. Which diet has the most ideal protein? 36. Which diet likely would be best for a group of pregnant nonlactating sows that seem to be getting fat. Maintenance animals 37-40. Twenty puppies of similar age and genetics are fed one of five diets with varying concentrations of protein. Each puppy is fed individually and ad libitum. The graph to the right shows the response in daily lean gain on the vertical axis with protein density (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% of calories) on the horizontal axis. The solid line is the response to this diet when the puppies are not being exercised and they are fed a diet containing 10% fat, 10% water, 5% fiber, and 5% ash. The remaining 70% is starch and protein. 37. For the solid line, at which of the following levels would the puppies use protein most efficiently (g protein captured per g protein consumed)? a. 15% b. 20% c. 25% d. 30% Most efficient when low because then body is needing it all 38. For the solid line, at which of the following dietary protein levels would blood urea nitrogen concentrations likely be the greatest? a. 15% b. 20% c. 25% d. 30% When not being used by body 39. The puppies are fed a diet that has no starch or sugar but has the same energy density from adding fat, fiber, and ash. Now which of the curves would be the expected response in lean growth for various protein to energy ratios? a. still the solid line b. dashed line c. dotted line d. none are close e. the puppies would not grow 10 15 20 25 30 Protein, % of calories Daily gain of lean tissue DE (Mcal/kg) % CP % lys %thr Supplied concentrations 2.70 22.0 0.72 0.59 Recommen ations 3.00 17.0 0.80 0.60