52 Questions on Exam 1 - Application of Animal Nutrition | ANSI 3653, Exams of Zoology

Download 52 Questions on Exam 1 - Application of Animal Nutrition | ANSI 3653 and more Exams Zoology in PDF only on Docsity! Name__________________________________ Lab Sec. ____________ AnSi 3653 Spring 2007 Exam 1 Introduction and Nutrients 1. In class, I stated that animals do not have requirements for specific feeds? Why is this statement true? Explain your answer so that someone unfamiliar with animal nutrition can understand the nutritional significance of your answer. (3 points) 2. Any food constituent, compound or chemical element that provides nourishment to the body and aids in the support of life is called a _______________________. (1 point) 3. ____________________ is the most vital nutrient ingested by animals, representing approximately 70% of fat-free body weight. (1 point) 4. Which ONE of the following functions is NOT a function of water in the body? (1 point) a. Aids in the lubrication of joints b. Aids in the excretion of nitrogenous waste in the form of urine c. Aids in the transport of nutrients via the blood and other body fluids to the sites where they are metabolized d. Is metabolized to provide energy for body functions 5. The non-chemically bound moisture content of feeds is termed ____________________________. (1 point) 6. What is the primary source of water for the animal? (1 point) 7. The primary nutrient component of feeds, representing 70-80% of the dry matter is ____________________. (1 point) 8. Of the functions of nutrients listed below, which ONE is NOT a function of carbohydrates: (1 point) a. Important in milk synthesis b. Source of carbon skeletons for building other nutrients c. Source of energy for bodily functions d. Carrier for minerals and vitamins 9. Starch and cellulose are the two most important complex carbohydrates present in most plant dry matter. Explain the utilization of both of these complex carbohydrates by non- ruminants and ruminant animals. (6 points) 10. _________________ are essential constituents of the tissues of all biological organisms and, in animals, are found in higher concentration in organ and muscular tissue than any other constituent except water. (1 point) 11. Amino acids required in the diet, but cannot be synthesized at a rate sufficient to meet the nutritional requirements of the animal; therefore, must be supplied in the diet are termed dietary essential amino acids. There are 10 dietary essential amino acids that are required by most animals; however, in most practical situations, only four are typicaaly of major concern of being deficient. Name three of the four essential amino acids that are typically the most likely to be deficient in practical livestock diets. PROPER SPELLING IS IMPORTANT (3 points) a. ___________________________ c. ___________________________ b. ___________________________ 23. The use of yellow salt blocks containing sulfur is important when feeding ruminant animals a non-protein nitrogen source because of the microbial synthesis of what essential amino acid? (1 point) 24. Grass tetany is a nutritional disorder common in cattle grazing cool season variety forages during the winter and early spring. What mineral is typically deficiency in the bloodstream of these animals? _____________________ (1 point) 25. Parakeratosis is a “mange-like” condition observed in swine that are deficient in what specific trace mineral? _______________________________ (1 point) 26. Milk from sows raised in confinement systems will be deficient in what specific trace mineral that will require an injection within the first 3 days of life of the baby pig to prevent anemia? ___________________ (1 point) 27. Copper deficiency is associated with decreased performance in two specific areas. Name one of these areas. _______________________________ (1 point) 28. ______________________ is a trace mineral associated with white muscle disease in sheep. (1 point) 29. ______________________________ is the condition in which an animal is neither gaining nor losing body energy or other nutrients. (1 point) 30. Name two principal biological functions that require nutrients. (2 points) a. _____________________________________ b. _____________________________________ Feed Analyses 31. Assuming that a feed is analyzed and determined to contain 16% moisture. What is the percentage of dry matter? ___________ (1 point) 32. In the determination of the crude protein percentage of a feed, the percentage of nitrogen is determined chemically, then the percentage of nitrogen is multiplied by a factor of 6.25. Why? (3 points) 33. In the Proximate analysis of feeds (Weende System), the portion of the feed that is soluble in organic solvents, but not soluble in water and represents the lipids, fats and oils is termed _______________________________. (1 point) 34. In the proximate analysis of feeds, the fibrous, less digestible carbohydrate portion of a feedstuff or ration is termed the _______________ ______________ portion. (1 point) 35. The Van Soest procedure is often used in the chemical analyses of forages or roughages to better characterize the fibrous carbohydrate portion of the feeds. Name the two principal fractions that are determined in this analysis and the components found in each. (4 points) Fraction A. ______________________________________ Components B. ______________________________________ Components 36. The residue remaining after the complete incineration of a feedstuff or ration at 500-600 degrees centigrade is termed the ______________ content. This chemical component of a feed contains which important nutrient found in plants? _____________________ (2 points) 37. What chemical fraction of a feed is not determined by chemical analyses and must be determined by a subtraction procedure? This fraction contains primarily the readily available carbohydrates, such as sugars and starches is termed the __________________ __________ _________________. (1 point) 38. Energy is not a nutrient, but is required by the animal to live. What three feed nutrients are metabolized to supply energy to the animal? (3 points) A. _____________________________________ B. _____________________________________ C. _____________________________________ 39. An important nutritional component of a feed or ration is the percentage of total digestible nutrients present in the feed or ration. What important nutritional component does the percentage of total digestible nutrients (TDN) represent? __________________ (1 point) 40. A typical gram of carbohydrate yields approximately 4.2 kilocalories of gross energy when oxidized, while a gram of lipid or fat typically yields 9.45 kilocalories of gross energy when it is oxidized. As a result, which digestible nutrient component is multiplied by a factor of 2.25 in the calculation of the total digestible nutrients of a feedstuff? _______________________________. 41. Of the chemical fractions listed below, which ONE is not included in the determination of Total Digestibility Nutrients? (1 point) a. Ash b. Ether Extract c. Crude Fiber d. Crude Protein e. Nitrogen Free extract 42. In the determination of the TDN content of a feed or ration, the chemical composition (% nutrient content) of the feed or ration plus the digestibility of several nutrients by the animal must be known and used in the calculation of the percentage of TDN. Assume that you desired to determine the digestibility of the crude fiber content of a feed. Present the equation that would be used in the determination of this digestibility. (3 points)