The Six Essential Nutrients: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water, Study notes of Nutrition

Download The Six Essential Nutrients: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water and more Study notes Nutrition in PDF only on Docsity! 6 Basic Nutrients What is essential to healthy bodily function? What are the 6 basic nutrients? Carbohydrates (50% of calories a day) Proteins (20% of calories a day) Fats (30% of calories a day) Vitamins Minerals Water * Extra calories from fats, carbohydrates and proteins will lead to excess fat storage in the body. Vitamins, Minerals and water do not have calories. Fats 9 calories per gram Saturated- comes from animals not plants Solid at room temperature Unsaturated- comes from plants Liquid at room temperature Cholesterol- Found in animal sources of fat and narrows arteries Functions- energy, fat-soluble vitamins, some hormones, cushions body organs, insulation Sources- butter, margarine, oils, salad dressings, meat, chicken (skin), most desserts, cheese, ice cream, most fast foods/junk foods Vitamins & Minerals 0 Calories Vitamins: Water soluble vitamins are B’s and C, and dissolve into the watery parts of foods and beverages. Fat soluble vitamins are A,D,E,K and dissolve into fatty parts of foods/beverages. Minerals are inorganic substances/rocks. We need trace amounts of: Iron, Copper and Iodine. Other important minerals are: Calcium, Sodium and Chloride Functions- Vitamins/minerals play a vital role in regulating and assisting in many body processes. Sources- most unprocessed foods have some vitamins or minerals in them. May processed foods fortify vitamin/minerals. Water No calories Your body uses 10 cups a day. Drink 6-8, eight ounce glasses per day Functions- carries nutrients and wastes through our bloodstream, lubricates joints, aides digestion, absorption and elimination of food, perspiration Sources- water, all beverages, fruits/vegetables.