Factors Affecting Embalming Analysis: Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors, Exams of Nursing

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AAMI Embalming 2 Final Exam Questions with Answers 100% Accuracy Postmortem evacuation of any substance from an external orifice of the body due to pressure - Correct Answers Purge Attained as embalming solution is mixed in the embalming machine - Correct Answers Primary dilution In BLANK embalming, preservative solution is injected into an artery and blood is simultaneously removed from a vein - Correct Answers Arterial Who is the Father of Embalming? - Correct Answers Frederick Rush Factors that affect the embalming analysis that come from outside the body - Correct Answers Extrinsic factors Apparatus connected to the water supply to create suction, to be used to aspirate contents of body cavities: - Correct Answers Hydro aspirator An agent, usually chemical, that possesses disinfecting properties when applied to a preleased object or surface: - Correct Answers Sanitizer Complaints against this gentleman regarding inflated prices, poor services and other examples of unprofessional conduct led to the first set of rules and regulations for the licensing of embalmers and undertakers in the US - Correct Answers Richard Burr A safety device required by OSHA that is able to release copious amounts of water in a short time - Correct Answers Drench shower A quick drench shower must be provided if? - Correct Answers Exposure to formaldehyde is present Author of what would become the first book devoted entirely to embalming procedures published in the US in English? - Correct Answers Jean Gunnel A device used to impel specially designed metal pins into bone; usually used for mouth closure? - Correct Answers Needle injector The destruction and/or inhibition of most pathogenic organisms and their products in or on the body is the definition for? - Correct Answers Disinfection A process that renders a substance free of all microorganisms? - Correct Answers Sterilization An HIV infected body can be embalmed quite safely if? - Correct Answers Universal precautions are utilized Considered to be the inventor of the microscope? - Correct Answers Antony van Leeuwenhoek An agent, usually chemical, applied to inanimate objects or surfaces for the purpose of destroying disease causing microbial agents, but usually not bacterial spores - Correct Answers Disinfectant Surfactants are used to? - Correct Answers Disburse coloring agents and increase germicidal activity Fluids with an index of 36 would? - Correct Answers Produce rapid tissue coagulation and fixation with a definite degree of firmness Continuous injection of arterial solution with drainage taken at intervals is called? - Correct Answers Continuous Infants that have lived long enough to have been fed or to have breathed - Correct Answers Accelerates decomposition Moisture in tissues - Correct Answers Accelerates decomposition Destructive to bacteria? - Correct Answers Bactericidal First major figure to provide embalming instruction for undertakers in the US? - Correct Answers Augusta Retoured Freedom from infection and from any form of life - Correct Answers Asepsis Discovered the circulation of blood? - Correct Answers William Harvey A copy of the regulatory text for the Blood borne Pathogens Rule must be readily available and accessible to employees at all times - Correct Answers True First to discover capillaries? - Correct Answers Marcello Malpighi The correct embalming treatment for a body should be determined solely by the cause of death? - Correct Answers False The deceased weighed 400 pounds - Correct Answers Intrinsic factor affecting your embalming analysis The term that refers to the amount of formaldehyde gas, in grams, dissolved in 100 ml of water - Correct Answers Index How many ounces of a 20 index arterial fluid must be used to prepare a 1-gal 3.0% strength solution? - Correct Answers 19.2 Buffers are used to? - Correct Answers Stabilize the acid base balance Fluid with an index of 36 would be highly effective on? - Correct Answers A case of advanced decomposition Postmortem evacuation of any substance from an external orifice of the body as a result of pressure - Correct Answers Purge Preservative demand and formaldehyde demand describe the same thing? - Correct Answers True BLANK is a rapid acting cautery agent that is excellent for drying areas where skin has been removed. It is also an excellent germicide and is often used as a bleaching agent to lighten discolorations of the skin surface. - Correct Answers Phenol A solution containing an excessive amount of surfactants might? - Correct Answers Water log tissues The dilution of embalming fluid by the vascular and interstitial fluids in the body? - Correct Answers Secondary dilution This reaction initiates the putrefactive process - Correct Answers Hydrolysis Humectants are used to? - Correct Answers Delay dehydration Used as a vehicle, and also used for preventing polymerization of formaldehyde? - Correct Answers Methanol These compounds are incompatible with some of the components used in arterial fluids, so they are restricted to disinfecting the cavities? - Correct Answers Quaternary ammonium compounds That which causes someone to die, such as cancer, would appear on a death certificate as? - Correct Answers Cause of death The dilution created by the embalmer mixing arterial solution in the embalming machine? - Correct Answers Primary dilution The amount of preservative required to adequately preserve and disinfect remains, as determined by the embalming analysis? - Correct Answers Formaldehyde demand Which of the following is NOT considered a manner of death? - Correct Answers Heart attack, diabetes An abnormal accumulation of fluids in tissue or body cavities? - Correct Answers Edema Preservative used mostly in cavity fluids or on anatomical specimens, because it causes a putty-gray appearance when mixed with formaldehyde? - Correct Answers Phenol Paraformaldehyde is found in which of the following? - Correct Answers Hardening compound Surfactants are used to? - Correct Answers Disburse coloring agents and increase germicidal activity The specific purposes of hardening compounds are? - Correct Answers Disinfection, dehydration, preservation This has excellent disinfectant qualities, but produces less firming than formaldehyde - Correct Answers Gluteraldehyde From outside the body? - Correct Answers Extrinsic This aldehyde tends to stain tissues yellow - Correct Answers Glyoxalin Chemical that reduces the molecular cohesion of a liquid so that it can flow through smaller apertures - Correct Answers Surfactant Chemical that retards the natural postmortem tendency of blood to become more viscous. - Correct Answers Anticoagulant Chemicals that inactivate saprophytic bacteria, render unsuitable for nutrition the media upon which bacteria thrive and will arrest decomposition? - Correct Answers Preservative Stitches used to hole the mouth closed? - Correct Answers Mandibular suture Having a lesser concentration of dissolved solute than the solution with which it is compared - Correct Answers Hypotonic solution Wound characterized by an irregular tearing of the tissue - Correct Answers Laceration Agent applied either to inanimate objects or to living tissues to destroy disease causing microbial agents? - Correct Answers Germicides Accumulation of serous fluids in the peritoneal cavity? - Correct Answers Ascites Fluids with an index of 24 would? - Correct Answers produce MODERATE, slow forming flexible firmness, little dehydration The lumen is bluish when filled with blood and will collapse when cut - Correct Answers Vein A line drawn on the surface of the skin of the thigh from the center of the inguinal ligament to the center of the medial prominence of the knee - Correct Answers Femoral artery Transverse, diagonal, "T", Double "T", wedge : all of the previous terms are types of - - Correct Answers Incisions to open arteries and veins An incision made on the clavicle from a point near the sternoclavicular articulation and directed laterally - - Correct Answers Supraclavicular The common carotid artery is found BLANK to the internal jugular vein? - Correct Answers Deep and medial Located along the inferior border of the mandible just anterior to the angle of the mandible - Correct Answers Anatomical guide Raising the common carotid arteries, both axillary arteries, and both femoral arteries in the autopsied body - - Correct Answers Six-point injection Lies lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpiradialis muscle and medial to the tendon of the brachioradialis muscle - - Correct Answers Anatomical Guide Begins at a point behind the sternoclavicular articulation and extends to the lateral border of the first rib - - Correct Answers Anatomical Limit Located along the inferior border of the mandible just anterior to the angle of the mandible? - Correct Answers Facial artery Extends from a point beginning at the inferior border of the popliteus muscle to a point in front of the middle of the ankle joint - Correct Answers Anatomical Limit The axillary vein is found BLANK to the axillary artery - Correct Answers Superficial and medial An imaginary line drawn along the midline of the neck between the tip of the mandible and the sternum; an imaginary line drawn along the anterior border of the SCM muscle; an imaginary line drawn anteriorly along the lower margin of the body of the mandible. I have just described? - Correct Answers Anterior triangle A process that renders a substance free of all microorganisms? - Correct Answers Sterilization Extends from a point beginning at the inferior border of the popliteus muscle to a point in front of the middle of the ankle joint - - Correct Answers Anterior tribal artery - anatomical limit Discharge or withdrawal of blood and blood clots, lymphatic and interstitial fluids, and embalming solution from the body is - - Correct Answers Drainage Distension (swelling) is most likely to occur only with the concurrent method of drainage. - Correct Answers False Actual pressure is indicated by the injector gauge needle when the arterial tube is open and arterial solution is flowing into the body? - Correct Answers True Movement of solutes and solvent through a semipermeable membrane due to positive intravascular pressure - - Correct Answers Pressure filtration When you make a supraclavicular incision to raise the vessels there for injection and drainage, which vessel would you see first? - Correct Answers Internal jugular vein Imagine for a moment that a disease caused all arteries in the body to be full of clots. When injecting arterial solution into the body, and when the solution encounters this resistance on the arterial side of the vascular system, which of the following choices would most likely be the result? - Correct Answers No distribution would take place In this method of drainage, arterial solution is never injected while drainage is being taken - - Correct Answers Alternate drainage You use the right femoral artery for injection, and the right femoral vein for drainage. You notice that the left hand is not getting solution, so you raise the left axillary artery and vein. After injecting there, you notice that the left hand is still not getting solution, so you raise the left radial artery. This is an example of - Correct Answers Multi-point injection Arterial injection from two or more arteries - - Correct Answers Multi-point injection If you use the right axillary for injection and the left axillary for drainage, this is an example of which of the following - - Correct Answers Split injection Your embalming machine (centrifugal pump) is turned on with the rate-of-flow valve (or stopcock) turned off. You set the pressure to 20 pounds. The rate-of-flow valve is opened, and the dial drops to 15 pounds. The potential pressure is - Correct Answers 20 Pounds Differential pressure is? - Correct Answers The difference between potential pressure and actual pressure It would be better to use the angular spring forceps as a drainage device, since it can easily shut off drainage to build intravascular pressure. - Correct Answers False Preservatives, germicides, and other crystalloids in the arterial solution get from the capillaries into the interstitial spaces by? - Correct Answers Dialysis The terms 'drainage' and 'blood removal' mean exactly the same thing - - Correct Answers False The restricted cervical injection method uses - - Correct Answers Both common carotid arteries Distension (swelling) is possible with any of the three injection methods - Correct Answers True Theoretically, any vein can be used for drainage - - Correct Answers True One of the means by which elements of the embalming solution are dispersed throughout the interstitial spaces - - Correct Answers Gravity filtration Drainage instruments should always be directed - - Correct Answers Towards the heart When injecting arterial solution into a body, if the solution encounters NO intravascular resistance, which of the following choices would be the most likely result? - Correct Answers Distribution but very little diffusion and copious drainage A broken vein is a wasted vein; that is, it can no longer be used for drainage - Correct Answers False This method of drainage is the least time consuming, and has least potential for tissue distension - - Correct Answers Concurrent drainage The method of drainage involving continuous injection and intermittent drainage is called continuous or concurrent drainage - - Correct Answers False The difference between potential pressure and actual pressure is called the ideal pressure? - Correct Answers False In multipoint injection, it is impossible to have only one drainage point. (For example, you raise the right common carotid artery for injection and the right internal jugular vein for drainage. You find that the left arm is not getting solution, so you raise the left axillary artery, and you also MUST raise the left axillary vein for drainage from that arm.) - Correct Answers False In this drainage method, drainage is taken immediately while injection is continuous - - Correct Answers Intermittent When raising the axillary vessel, which vessel is medial? - Correct Answers Axillary vein The 'ideal' pressure and 'ideal' rate of flow should be the same for everybody? - Correct Answers False Which of the following is not recommended when using the instant tissue fixation technique? - Correct Answers A weak to medium strength arterial solution Low pressure A large amount of solution If you use the right common carotid artery for injection and the right internal jugular vein for drainage, this is an example of which of the following - - Correct Answers one-point injection The amount of embalming solution injected in a given period of time, or the speed at which the solution enters the body, is called the rate of flow? - Correct Answers True Actual pressure is - - Correct Answers The reading on the pressure gauge of the centrifugal pump when the rate of flow valve is open and arterial fluid is entering the body If a deceased human body has undergone a complete autopsy, which injection method would be used? - Correct Answers Six point injection Movement from inside the vascular system into tissue spaces and into cells - - Correct Answers Diffusion Which of the following would not be considered one of the components of drainage? - Correct Answers Saliva If you use the right femoral artery for injection and the right internal jugular vein for drainage, this is an example of which of the following? - Correct Answers Split injection When you make an incision in Hunters canal to raise the vessels there for injection and drainage, which vessel would you see first? - Correct Answers Femoral artery Theoretically, any vein can be used for drainage? - Correct Answers True Passive transport systems are responsible for the movement of embalming solution from within capillaries to the tissue spaces? - Correct Answers True If your arterial solution is excessively hypertonic, the injected tissues could become too dehydrated? - Correct Answers True Dialysis is a passive transport system? - Correct Answers True Osmosis is an active transport mechanism? - Correct Answers False Sharply pointed surgical instrument used in cavity embalming to aspirate the cavities and inject cavity fluid? - Correct Answers Trocar Abnormal accumulation of fluids in a sac like structure, especially the scrotal sac? - Correct Answers Hydrocele Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the thoracic cavity? - Correct Answers Hydrothorax Internal organs enclosed within a cavity are also referred to as? - Correct Answers Viscera Direct treatment, other than arterial injection, of the contents of the body cavities and the Lumina of the hollow viscera; usually accomplished by aspiration and injection? - Correct Answers Cavity embalming Apparatus that is connected to the water supply; when the water is turned on, a suction is developed and its used to aspirate the contents of the bodies cavities - - Correct Answers Hydro aspirator A line drawn or visualized on the surface of the body or a prominent anatomical structure, used to locate internal structures during cavity embalming, from a point of reference two inches to the left of and two inches superior to the umbilicus. - Correct Answers Trocar guide A device that uses a motor to create a suction for the purpose of aspiration - - Correct Answers Electric aspirator Abnormal accumulation of fluids in tissue or body cavities - Correct Answers Edema Severe generalized edema - Correct Answers Anadarko Abnormal accumulation of fluid within the pericardial sac? - Correct Answers Hydro pericardium Postmortem evacuation of any substance from an external orifice of the body as a result of pressure - Correct Answers Purge Accumulation of serous fluids in the peritoneal cavity? - Correct Answers Ascites Embalming chemicals which are injected into the cavities of the body following the aspiration in cavity embalming - - Correct Answers Cavity fluid Withdrawal of gases, fluids, and semisolids from body cavities and hollow viscera by means of suction with an aspirator and trocar - - Correct Answers Aspiration Abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluids in the ventricles of the brain? - Correct Answers Hydrocephalus Movement of water in embalming solution through capillaries and into interstitial spaces? - Correct Answers Osmosis A condition that may determine the amount of secondary dilution is excessive body moisture. - Correct Answers True Hydrothorax can best be defined as? - Correct Answers Edema is the pleural cavity A very strong solution of arterial embalming fluid will leave the eyes puffy and soft? - Correct Answers False Modifying agents are incorporated into embalming fluids to alter the action of formaldehyde? - Correct Answers True Bacteria multiply best at a temp of? - Correct Answers 98.6 F If you use 16 ounces of fluid to make 1 gallon of a 3% solution, what must the index of the fluid be? - Correct Answers Index of 24 A vehicle is a gaseous substance which dissolves formaldehyde in embalming fluids? - Correct Answers False Full strength cavity fluids can be used as a surface compress for bleaching a discoloration? - Correct Answers True In a body dead of hydrocephalus, the amount of secondary dilution will be greatest in the thoracic cavity? - Correct Answers False Chemicals which are responsible for the stabilization and maintenance of the acid base balance in embalming solutions are called? - Correct Answers Buffers Color, odor, purge and skin slip are? - Correct Answers Signs of decomposition All embalming chemicals contain cosmetic dyes? - Correct Answers False Decomposition is a postmortem physical change? - Correct Answers False An arterial embalming fluid which is too strong limits its own diffusion by coagulating the walls of the capillaries. - Correct Answers True Wetting agents are used in embalming fluids to keep the lips and eyes moist in order to restore a life like appearance? - Correct Answers False The rate of flow of arterial solution being injected into a body may be controlled by a y- tube? - Correct Answers False Osmosis plays a very small part in the preservation process. - Correct Answers False The most positive sign of death is (considered by itself, not in conjunction with any other signs of death) - Correct Answers Decomposition The main purpose of embalming chemicals is to? - Correct Answers Disinfect and preserve the tissues The rate of flow of arterial solution being injected into a body may be controlled by a stopcock? - Correct Answers True Some reasons for drainage are to make room for embalming chemicals, to remove some discolorations, and to reduce chances of swelling. - Correct Answers True Once the body has been embalmed, there is no danger of mold growth on the skin surface? - Correct Answers False Colostomy and surgical drain openings can usually be closed using? - Correct Answers A pestering suture Super glue or super adhesive are used often for closing incisions. They should be purchased only from an embalming supply company; you cannot use the Home Depot brand in the prep room. - Correct Answers False Whether the deceased has subcutaneous emphysema or true tissue gas can be identified mainly because of which of the following - Correct Answers Foul odor associated with true tissue gas A surface compress of a phenol solution would be effective for - Correct Answers Treating discoloration