Medical Terminology: Module 1 (9th Edition) - Roots and Suffixes, Exams of Medical Sciences

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AAPC MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY- MODULE 1 (9TH EDITION) gastr/o - correct answer stomach duoden - correct answer duodenum (first part of small intestine) -ostomy - correct answer surgically create an opening root - correct answer the fundamental unit of a word suffix - correct answer A word or letter placed after the root. prefix - correct answer A word or letter placed before the root. -itis - correct answer inflammation pre - correct answer before, in front of cardia - correct answer heart pulm - correct answer lung nephr/o - correct answer kidney ren - correct answer kidney myel/o - correct answer bone marrow, spinal cord scler/o - correct answer white of eye, hard cyst/o - correct answer bladder, sac compound word - correct answer word made of two or more word roots Cardiovascular - correct answer pertaining to the heart and blood vessels Urogenital - correct answer pertaining to the urinary and genital organs Lymphocyte - correct answer mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies -logy - correct answer study of neur/o - correct answer nerve, nervous system Pharynx - correct answer throat pharyngeal - correct answer pertaining to the throat AIDS (acronym) - correct answer acquired immunodeficiency syndrome -oid - correct answer resembling, like, pertaining to -oma - correct answer tumor gen - correct answer origin -ous - correct answer pertaining to -Sis, -ia, -ism, -y - correct answer condition of -ian, -ist - correct answer specialist -ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -form, -ic, -ical, -ile, -oid, -ory, -ous - correct answer Like, pertaining to, resembling The plural form of a is — - correct answer ae The plural form of en is — - correct answer ina The plural form of ex, ix, yx is — - correct answer ices The plural form of is is — - correct answer es The plural form of ma is — - correct answer mata The plural form of nx, anx, inx, ynx is — - correct answer nges The plural form of on and um is— - correct answer a The plural form of us is — - correct answer i If a vowel comes before an x (ix, ax), you can change the x into a — - correct answer c When you add a suffix beginning with rh to a root, the r is — - correct answer doubled When you add a suffix to a word ending in x (yx, nx), the x is changed to — - correct answer g or c If there is a consonant before before the x (yx, nx), the x is changed to a — - correct answer g prim/i - correct answer first mon/o - correct answer one, single hemi- - correct answer half, one side semi - correct answer half, partial bi-, di- - correct answer two, twice dipl/o - correct answer double tri - correct answer three quadri-, tetra- - correct answer four multi - correct answer many poly - correct answer many, much cyan/o - correct answer blue erythr/o - correct answer red leuk/o - correct answer white melan/o - correct answer black, dark xanth/o - correct answer yellow a-, an- - correct answer not, without, lacking, absence pseudo - correct answer fake or false re - correct answer again, back ante - correct answer before pre-, pro- - correct answer before, in front of post - correct answer after, behind dextr/o - correct answer right sinistr/o - correct answer left ec-, ecto- - correct answer out, outside ex/o - correct answer away from, outside end/o - correct answer within, inside mes/o - correct answer middle syn, sym - correct answer together tel/e-, tel/o- - correct answer end, far, at a distance Metabolism - correct answer All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - correct answer compound used by cells to store and release energy Protein - correct answer enzymes, some hormones, structural materials Carbohydrates - correct answer the starches and sugars present in foods Glucose - correct answer the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues Lipids - correct answer Fats, some hormones Adipose - correct answer fat tissue Cytoplasm - correct answer A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended Organelles - correct answer A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell Nucleus - correct answer Control center of the cell Chromosomes - correct answer threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes ribonucleic acid (RNA) - correct answer single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose plasma membrane - correct answer The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition. Microvilli - correct answer projections that increase the cell's surface area (absorbs material into cell) Nucleolus - correct answer Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes Cytosol - correct answer Fluid portion of cytoplasm Endoplasmic Reticulum - correct answer A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another. Ribosomes - correct answer Makes proteins Golgi apparatus - correct answer A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell Mitochondria - correct answer Powerhouse of the cell nervous tissue - correct answer A body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body. biopsy - correct answer the removal of living tissue from the body for diagnostic examination In vivo - correct answer In the living body In vitro - correct answer in glass, in a test tube In situ - correct answer in its original place In toto - correct answer as a whole postmortem - correct answer occurring or done after death; usually related to an examination of the body after it is dead membrane - correct answer thin layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity, or divides a space or organ mucous membrane - correct answer Membrane that secretes mucus that lubricates the surface of organs and keeps them moist. serous membrane - correct answer thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities and secretes a fluid that keeps the membrane moist; also called serosa fibrous membrane - correct answer covers and supports organs Histology - correct answer study of tissues integumentary system - correct answer Consists of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nail skeletal system - correct answer Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use to support movement. Made up of bones and joints Muscular System - correct answer enables movement of the body and internal organs nervous system - correct answer A conglomeration of billions of cells specifically designed to provide a communication network within the human body. endocrine system - correct answer Consists of glands that control many of the body's activities by producing hormones. cardiovascular system - correct answer heart and blood vessels lymphatic system - correct answer Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides defense against infection. (Aids in circulation) respiratory system - correct answer Brings oxygen into the body. Gets rid of carbon dioxide. digestive system - correct answer Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells. urinary system - correct answer Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood. reproductive system - correct answer Reproduce offspring- produce male sex cells (sperm) and female sex cells (oocytes) Homeostasis - correct answer A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level Cytology - correct answer study of cells morph/o - correct answer shape, form reticul/o - correct answer network cyt/o, -cyte - correct answer cell aden/o - correct answer gland nucle/o, kary/o - correct answer nucleus Glycogen - correct answer An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch. interstitial - correct answer between, but not within, the parts of a tissue Medulla - correct answer inner region of an organ parenchyma - correct answer functional tissues of any organ, such as the tissues of the bronchioles, alveoli, ducts, and sacs, that perform respiration Parietal - correct answer pertaining to the outer wall of the body cavity Soma - correct answer body stem cells - correct answer unspecialized cells that retain the ability to become a wide variety of specialized cells visceral - correct answer pertaining to the internal organs anatomical position - correct answer Anterior (ventral) - correct answer front of the body Posterior (dorsal) - correct answer back of body Medial - correct answer toward the midline Lateral - correct answer away from the midline Proximal - correct answer Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk Distal - correct answer farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk Superior - correct answer above Inferior - correct answer below Cranial (cephalad) - correct answer Toward head Caudal - correct answer toward the tail Superficial (external) - correct answer toward or at the body surface Deep (internal) - correct answer Away from the body surface; more internal frontal plane (coronal) - correct answer divides the body into anterior and posterior portions saggital plane - correct answer divides the body into a right and left side midsagittal plane - correct answer divides the body into equal right and left sides transverse plane - correct answer horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions dorsal cavity - correct answer includes the cranial and spinal cavities. ventral cavity - correct answer thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity cranial cavity - correct answer contains the brain spinal cavity - correct answer contains the spinal cord thoracic cavity - correct answer contains heart and lungs abdominal cavity - correct answer contains primarily the major organs of digestion Diaphragm - correct answer Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing cervic/o - correct answer neck lumb/o - correct answer lower back thorac/o - correct answer thorax, chest periton, peritone/o - correct answer peritoneum abdomin/o, celi/o - correct answer abdomen acro - correct answer extremities Brachi/o - correct answer arm Dactyl/o - correct answer fingers, toes Ped/o, pod/o - correct answer foot circum, peri - correct answer around intra - correct answer within epi- - correct answer on, over extra - correct answer outside infra - correct answer below sub - correct answer under, below inter - correct answer between Juxtra, para - correct answer Near, beside retro - correct answer backward, behind supra- - correct answer above