ABA Principles and Techniques: An Introduction, Exams of Economics Concepts for Engineers

Download ABA Principles and Techniques: An Introduction and more Exams Economics Concepts for Engineers in PDF only on Docsity! ABA Concepts Final Exam Review Study Guide Questions and Answer 2024 Update. 1. What reflects the highest level of scientific understanding, and allows scientists to know that one event causes another event? - Correct answer Control 2. Attitudes of Science: Define, objectively observe, and measure phenomenon - Correct answer Empiricism 3. Attitudes of Science: Choose the most simple explanation for a phenomenon - Correct answer Parsimony 4. Attitudes of Science: Why scientific knowledge evolves and mistakes are discovered - Correct answer Replication 5. Attitudes of Science: When we manipulate an independent variable and measure possible effects on a dependent variable - Correct answer Experimentation 6. Attitudes of Science: Continuously questioning the validity of all scientific knowledge - Correct answer Philosophical Doubt 7. Attitudes of Science: Events are not random - Correct answer Determinism 8. Behavior which is elicited by preceding stimuli and also referred to as a reflex - Correct answer Respondent Behavior 9. B.F. Skinner's history of radical behaviorism ______(did/did not) include private events - Correct answer Did not 10.Characteristics of ABA: Procedures are written in sufficient detail so that others may replicate them - Correct answer Technological 11.Characteristics of ABA: The behavior must be measurable - Correct answer Behavioral 12.Characteristics of ABA: Interventions are derived from basic principles of behavior - Correct answer Conceptual 13.Characteristics of ABA: Focuses on socially significant behaviors that have immediate importance to our clients - Correct answer Applied 14.Characteristics of ABA: Behavior changes last over time and appear in new environments - Correct answer Generality 15.Characteristics of ABA: Noticeable changes are made - Correct answer Effective 16.Characteristics of ABA: Demonstrate experimental control over the occurrence and non-occurrence of the behavior - Correct answer Analytic 17.What is the most useful way to describe stimuli, according to behavior analysts? - Correct answer Functionally P a g e 1 | 8 18. In operant conditioning, the future frequency of a behavior is determined primarily by what? - Correct answer It's history of consequences 19.What alters the value of a consequence as a reinforce or punisher? - Correct answer Motivating operation 20.This type of reinforce and punisher vary from person to person, depending on learning history - Correct answer Conditioned 21.A discriminated operant is a behavior the occurs more frequently under some antecedent conditions than others. (True/False) - Correct answer True 22.What is the most important principle of Applied Behavior Analysis? - Correct answer Positive Reinforcement 23.Positive reinforcement is defined as the _____________ of a stimulus dependent on a response which ____________ the future probability of that response - Correct answer Addition; increases 24.Positive reinforcement so responsible for the increase of a response if the presentation of the stimulus is given when? - Correct answer Immediately 25.An establishing operation does what to the effectiveness of a stimulus as a reinforce? - Correct answer Increases it 26.An abolishing operation does what to the effectiveness of a stimulus as a reinforce? - Correct answer Decreases it 27. Is temporal relation (timing) or logical connection of a reinforce more important to the response it follows? - Correct answer Temporal relation 28.When categorizing reinforces by their formal properties, playing a game of basketball would be considered primarily what? - Correct answer Activity 29.What helps us identify what could be a potential reinforce? - Correct answer Stimulus preference assessment 30.What is a test that shows is whether something is actually working as a reinforce? - Correct answer Reinforce assessment 31. (True/False) A way to determine what stimuli a client might prefer is to ask the client or their caregiver - Correct answer True 32.During what type of reinforcement is the reinforce presented regardless of the client's behavior? - Correct answer Non-contingent 33.Which avoidance contingency is in place when there is some signal that indicates the onset of an aversive stimulus? - Correct answer Discriminated avoidance 34.Which types of reinforcement schedules produce behavior patterns that are characterized by steady states of responding with no post-reinforcement pauses? - Correct answer Variable interval and Variable ratio P a g e 2 | 8 67.Regarding imitation, the imitative behavior does not need to immediately follow the model (True/False) - Correct answer False 68.What is the best evidence of a controlled relation between a model and the imitative behavior? - Correct answer A novel model evokes an imitative response 69.Pre-arranged antecedent stimuli are called what? - Correct answer Planned stimuli 70.Antecedent stimuli that occur in everyday social interaction are called what? - Correct answer Unplanned stimuli 71.What dimensions of behavior can be shaped? - Correct answer Duration, frequency and latency 72.Results of shaping are usually achieved how quickly? - Correct answer Slowly and over time 73.When the topography of a behavior is changed during shaping, we are shaping how? - Correct answer Across response topographies 74.When the topography of a behavior does not change and we are shaping a dimension of a behavior, we are shaping how? - Correct answer Within response topographies 75.Except for the first and last responses of a behavior chain, every response serves as a _______________ _______________ for the previous response, and as a _______________ ______________ for the next response - Correct answer Conditioned reinforce; discriminative stimulus 76. (True/False) Verbal cues, physical guidance, and models may be added to a shaping procedure to enhance efficiency - Correct answer True 77.How long does it take to learn a chain? - Correct answer It varies by length and complexity 78. (True/False) Some characteristics of behavior chains include that behaviors must occur in a particular sequence and they must occur in close temporal succession - Correct answer True 79.Extinction is a type of punishment because the future rates of behavior decrease when using extinction procedures (True/False) - Correct answer False 80.A procedure in which the teacher reinforces a behavior that cannot possibly occur at the same time as the behavior targeted for reduction - Correct answer Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) 81.What types of behaviors can be placed on extinction? (as in behaviors maintained by this) - Correct answer Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, automatic reinforcement 82. (True/False) Extinction refers to when reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior is discontinued - Correct answer True P a g e 5 | 8 83.A dog is reinforced with praise and petting, but the behavior became annoying. The praise and petting ceased and the behavior stopped. What is this an example of? - Correct answer Extinction 84.A dog receiving a verbal reprimand from day one results in a decrease in the behavior. What is this an example of? - Correct answer Positive punishment 85.Behaviors decrease gradually when using what? - Correct answer Extinction 86.Behaviors decrease quickly when using what? - Correct answer Punishment 87.A procedure in which a teacher reinforces a desirable alternative to behavior targeted for reduction - Correct answer Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) 88. It can be important to let parents and teachers know that behaviors may get worse before they get better when reinforcement is withheld for a preciously reinforced response - Correct answer Extinction burst 89.A procedure, also known as omission training, that involves delivering reinforcement when a behavior targeted for reduction has not occurred for a specific amount of time - Correct answer Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) 90.What are the three types of antecedent interventions? - Correct answer Functional communication training (FCT), Non-contingent reinforcement (NCR), and high-probability request sequence 91. (True/False) Antecedent interventions involving stimulus control involve changing antecedent events while behavior change strategies based on motivating operations involve changing the availability of reinforcement - Correct answer False 92.Non-contingent reinforcement may be effectively applied with behaviors that have what contingencies of reinforcement? - Correct answer Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, automatic reinforcement 93.High probability request sequence is a behavior change tactic in which a series of easy to follow requests are present rapidly followed by a low probability request (True/False) - Correct answer True 94.Jackson exhibited 3 aggressive behaviors during a 60-minute observation period. Based on this data, which should his initial non-contingent reinforcement interval schedule be? - Correct answer 10-15 minutes 95. (True/False) The first step in functional communication training is to identify the function of the maladaptive behavior using an FBA - Correct answer True 96. (True/False) Functional communication training works by eliminating the establishing operation that was originally evoking the maladaptive behavior - Correct answer False 97.What properties of language refer to topography? - Correct answer Formal properties of language P a g e 6 | 8 98.What properties of language refer to the causes of the response? - Correct answer Functional properties of language 99. (True/False) Verbal behavior is behavior that is reinforced through the meditation of another person's behavior - Correct answer True 100. (True/False) Verbal behavior may be non-vocal - Correct answer True 101. Elementary Verbal Operands: Labeling something you see - Correct answer Tact 102. Elementary Verbal Operands: Writing words that were spoken - Correct answer Transcription 103. Elementary Verbal Operands: Repeating the spoken words of others - Correct answer Echoic 104. Elementary Verbal Operands: Responding to verbal behavior of others without point-to-point correspondence - Correct answer Intradermal 105. Elementary Verbal Operands: A request - Correct answer Mind 106. Elementary Verbal Operands: Reading something that was written - Correct answer Textual 107. What verbal operant is controlled by motivating operations? - Correct answer Mind 108. Which of the verbal operands is controlled by nonverbal SD's? - Correct answer Tact 109. Which verbal operands have point-to-point correspondence between verbal SD and response? - Correct answer Echoic, Transcription and Textual 110. What is the first verbal operant that develops in human beings and the first verbal operant we teach? - Correct answer Mind 111. A parent is singing with his toddler. He says "E-I-E-I..." and the child says "O" The child's response is an example of which type of verbal operant? - Correct answer Intradermal 112. I tell my children that my love for them is as big as outer space. This is an example of which type of tact extension? - Correct answer Metaphorical tact extension 113. When using a token economy, tokens may be exchanged for what? - Correct answer Edibles, tangible objects or activities, privileges 114. What type of group contingency is one in which all of the individuals in a group must meet criterion before any member earns reinforcement? - Correct answer Interdependent P a g e 7 | 8