Dental Anatomy and Procedures Midterm Exam Review: Terms and Definitions, Exams of Dental surgery

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Accelerated Dental Assisting Handbook Midterm Exam 157 Terms with Verified Answers.  General dentist - A little bit of everything  Orthodontist - Braces specialist  Endodontic - Root canal specialist  Periodontics - gum disease Specialist  Oral and maxillofacial surgeon - corrects disease injury or defects by surgery  Prosthodontics - Prosthetic specialist  Exodontist - children Specialist  Mandible - Lower jaw that holds teeth  Maxilla - upper jaw that holes teeth  Condyles - The round prominence at the end of the tom allowing that mandible to open and close  Mental foramen - Is one of the two holes located on the front surface of the mandible between the 1st and 2nd premolars that permits passage of the mental nerve and blood vessels  Temporomandibular Joint (MT) - The joint on each side of the head that allows movement of the mandible  Anterior - towards the front  Posterior - toward the back  Medial - Toward or near the midline of the body  Lateral - Toward the outer left and right part of the body  Labial fermium - the band of tissue on the inside of the lips that attaches in the center on both the maxillary and mandibular arch  Lingual fermium - the thin fold of skin that extends from the floor of the mouth underneath the lounge  Hard palate - the gingiva underlying the roof of the mouth  Soft palate - The skin posterior to the hard palate that moves freely P a g e 1 | 8  Uvula - the pear shaped projection at the end of the soft palate  Tonsil - a mass of lymphatic tissue, usually round or oval in shape, located on each side of the throat  Buckle Vestibule - The area between the cheek and the teeth  Submandibular gland - gland under the lounge that secretes saliva  Apex - The tapered end of each root tip where the nerve exist the tooth  Bone - hard tissue that the teeth reside in  Cemented - outer layer covering of the anatomic root of a tooth  Crown - the part of the tooth that protrudes through the gingiva that is visible  Enamel - located on the crown of the tooth. It is white colored, hard material.  Periodontal membrane - a group of hair like ligaments between the bone and the root that serves as shock absorber for the tooth  Bruxism - grinding of teeth  Central incisors - 8, 9, 24, 25  Lateral incisors - 7,10,23,26  Cusped/Canine - 6,11,22,27  Bicuspid/ premolars - 4.5.12.13.20.21.28.29  Molars - 1.2.3.14.15.16.17.18.19.30.31.32  Facial - this surface refers to the outer surface of the tooth surface facing the cheek or lip and can be used to describe the anterior or posterior  Labial - the outer surface for the anterior teeth facing the lips  Buckle - the outer surface for posterior teeth facing the cheek  Lingual - the surface of the tooth closest to the lounge, this is for upper and lower teeth  Mesial - the surface of the tooth that is facing forwards, closest to the midline  Distal - the surface that is facing backwards, away from the midline  Occlusal - the surface of the tooth that is used for chewing, posterior teeth P a g e 2 | 8  Dentin - the hard portion of the root that surrounds the pulp and is covered by enamel on the crown, and covered by cemented on the root  Sulcus - a trough like vessel formed by the collar of a tooth  Gingival Margin - the crest of the roller border of tissue that surrounds the crown of each tooth  Copa lite - a type of varnish, yellow in color, used to seal the dentin  Decal - made out of calcium hydroxide, used as a liner for filling procedures  Plastic instrument - an instrument with a small plugged at one end and a beaver tail at the other. It is used to pack and shape the composite  Flow able Composite - a liquefied version of composite material  Congeniality missing teeth - when a patient never forms a particular tooth  Root canal - when the crack or decay gets too close to the nerve, then the doctor will have to remove the nerve and fill it with gutter perch  Ways to replace an extracted tooth - implant, bridge, partial, denture  1 - Upper right 3rd molar/ wisdom tooth  2 - Upper right 2nd molar  3 - Upper right 1st molar  4 - Upper right 2nd premolar  5 - Upper right 1st premolar  6 - Upper right cusped/ canine  7 - Upper right lateral  8 - Upper right central  9 - Upper left central  10 - Upper left lateral  11 - Upper left cusped canine  12 - Upper left 1st premolar bicuspid  13 - Upper left 2nd premolar bicuspid P a g e 5 | 8  14 - Upper left 1st molar  15 - Upper left 2nd molar  16 - Upper left 3rd molar/ wisdom tooth  17 - Lower left 3rd molar wisdom tooth  18 - Lower left 2nd molar  19 - Lower left 1st molar  20 - Lower left 2nd premolar bicuspid  21 - Lower left 1st premolar bicuspid  22 - Lower left cusped canine  23 - Lower left lateral  24 - Lower left central  25 - Lower right central  26 - Lower right lateral  27 - Lower right cusped/ canine  28 - Lower right 1st premolar bicuspid  29 - Lower right 2nd premolar bicuspid  30 - Lower right 1st molar  31 - Lower right 2nd molar  32 - Lower right 3rd molar wisdom tooth  Epinephrine - causes the heart rate to increase and also increases blood pressure. Makes the anesthesia numb longer. Contained in most anesthesia’s  X ray - when a high voltage spark strikes from the cathode to the end of the anode where the tungsten target is  Cement enamel junction (CEJ) - the line that junctions between the cemented layer of the tooth and the enamel layer  Pulp chamber - the space occupied by the pulp  Facial - P a g e 6 | 8  Mandibular Foramen - the exist in the mental foramen that has and opening on the medial side of the ramus, which allows the brain to release a nerve to enter the mandible to innervate lower teeth.  Wedges - these devices are used to hold the matrix band against the tooth during a filling process  Matrix Bands - used to form a wall during a filling procedure; held by the tofflemire  Articulating paper - this is used to check the patients bite. It is similar to the carbon paper.  TMS pins - a type of pin used to retain a filling during restoration. It is used for a badly broken down tooth.  Amalgam Carrier - an instrument used to scoop the amalgam out of the amalgam well and transferred to the doctor  Burnished - an instrument used to smooth and pack amalgam material  Plugged - an instrument used to pack the amalgam material  Keloid-Discoid - instrument used during the filling process to shape and carve.  Interproximal Carver - an instrument used during an amalgam restoration to carve the hard to reach places between the teeth  Spoon excavator - instrument used to remove decayed, soft tooth material. It is shaped like a spoon  Sanding discs - used with a slow speed hand piece to polish and finish anterior composite restorations  Curing light - light used to finish off and harden materials during composite restorations  Composite - a tooth colored material that can be light cured or self-cured. It is used during a filling.  Zinc phosphate cement - must be mixed on a glass slab. It we used to cent orthodontic bands, inlays, and crowns  Polycarboxylate cement - also known as DURALON. It is a permanent cement and is mixed on a paper mixing pad.  I.R.M Cement - also can be used as filling material. It is temporary cement that can be mixed on a glass slab or a paper mixing pad P a g e 7 | 8