Phonics, Reading Comprehension, and Literary Techniques, Exams of Nursing

Download Phonics, Reading Comprehension, and Literary Techniques and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! AEPA Language Arts| 115 questions| with complete solutions context correct answer: The pictures or the parts of a sentence, paragraph, story, or passage that occur just before and after a specified word or passage that help to determine the exact meaning. Cultural Pluralism correct answer: when small groups within a larger society maintain their uniquie cultural identity. Seeing value in all cultures. Multiculturalism correct answer: Is the combining. Of. Many cultures to form a better society assimilationism correct answer: belief that minority cultures should dissolve into a dominant culture Pluralism correct answer: This suggests that a functional society should recognize and accept micro cultures as they are Decodable words correct answer: Words that follow a regular pattern and have a predictable sound, such as the long final vowel sounds in so, he, and be. Graphemes correct answer: Printed letter symbol used to represent a speech sound (phoneme). In English there are 26 graphemes (letters). Phoneme correct answer: in a spoken language, the smallest distinctive sound unit Disadvantages to the phonics method correct answer: A major disadvantage of phonics is that visual learners may not read well by this method. A second disadvantage of the method is that rules do not hold true all the time. Techniques for teaching correct answer: Student should have opportunities to practice the phonics rule and generalizations in context; instructors should make an effort to show the transfer of these to everyday materials an other subjects Analytic phonics correct answer: PHONICS USED IN CONTEXT WITH ACTUAL MATERIALS; BEST PHONICS APPROACH Synthetic phonics correct answer: LEARNING PHONICS AS ISOLATED RULES; LEAST EFFECTIVE PHONICS APPROACH Structural analysis correct answer: A technique for breaking a word into its pronunciation units; the breaking down of a word into word parts such as prefixes, suffixes, roots, and combining forms. Ex: figuring out the word "returnable." If we had met "re" before and if we had met "able" before, we should know how to pronounce them. After we have isolated "turn," we may recognize it as a familiar word and know how to pronounce it. Controlled vocabulary correct answer: Some text try to limit the new words a child meets, most children do not need this Running record correct answer: An assessment which measures a child' fluency and skills during oral reading Miscue analysis correct answer: A way of acquiring insight into children's reading strategies by studying the mistakes (miscues) they make when reading aloud. Literal level of comprehension correct answer: the most basic level of comprehension, which involves reading the lines, or reading and understanding exactly what is on the page. When questioned about the text, all of the information is literally stated in the text. (ie factual question, sequence question, contrast question). Interpretive level of comprehension correct answer: requires students to read between the lines, such as explain figurative language, define terms and answer interpretive and inferential questions (ie. contrast question, deriving meaning question, purpose question, cause and effect question) Critical level of comprehension correct answer: Both literary and interpretive-reader evaluates and passes personal judgements-quality value-accuracy and truthfulness. Creative level of comprehension correct answer: This is the highest level of comprehension. The student must read beyond the lioness, make judgements about the text. Bloom's Taxonomy correct answer: There are six categories of cognitive objectives organized by complexity: Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, Evaluation. Convergent questions correct answer: Questions that have a single correct answer Divergent questions correct answer: Questions that have no single correct answer Guided reading correct answer: instruction that supports and extend the reading process Mnemonic devices correct answer: techniques for using associations to memorize and retrieve information Story mapping or webbing correct answer: These help students think about a reading passage and it's structure. Poetry correct answer: A kind of rhythmic, compressed language that uses figures of speech and imagery designed to appeal to our emotions and imagination. Prose correct answer: The literary genre that is written in ordinary language and most closely resembles everyday speech. Basals correct answer: Text book with a collection of stories used to teach reading Foil character correct answer: a character who is used as a contrast to another character; the contrast emphasizes the differences between the two characters, bringing out the distinctive qualities in each Allegorical character correct answer: this type of character has a symbolic role beyond his/her function in the work. Denotation correct answer: the literal meaning of a word Connotation correct answer: refers to the implied or suggested meanings associated with a word beyond its dictionary definition Irony correct answer: the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning Humor correct answer: anything that causes laughter or amusement Figurative language correct answer: language employing one or more figures of speech (simile, metaphor, imagery, etc.) Simile correct answer: a figure of speech that expresses a resemblance between things of different kinds (usually formed with 'like' or 'as') Metaphor correct answer: a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity Personification correct answer: A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes Alliteration correct answer: use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse Consonance correct answer: the repetition of consonants (or consonant patterns) especially at the ends of words Assonance correct answer: the repetition of similar vowels in the stressed syllables of successive words Onomatopoeia correct answer: words that sound like what they mean Rhythm correct answer: the arrangement of spoken words alternating stressed and unstressed elements Imagery correct answer: the ability to form mental images of things or events Hyperbole correct answer: extravagant exaggeration Allusion correct answer: a reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art Word play correct answer: the skillful manipulation of words, often for humorous effect Parody correct answer: a composition that imitates somebody's style in a humorous way Diction correct answer: a writer's or speaker's choice of words Symbolism correct answer: the practice of representing things by symbols, or of investing things with a symbolic meaning or character. The writing Process correct answer: Prewriting, composing or writing stage, Revising stage, editing/evaluation/post writing stage, rewriting stage Prewriting correct answer: is the first stage of the writing process. It is when a writer gathers his/her thoughts before writing. This can be done by making a list, web, outline, etc. Writing stage correct answer: Students may consult with one another and use various books and materials to contstruct their papers Revising stage correct answer: PROCESS WRITING STAGE 3: POLISHING AND IMPROVING COMPOSITIONSL Post writing stage correct answer: Students will read and correct own writing Rewrite stage correct answer: PROCESS WRITING STAGE 5: AFTER RECEIVING BOTH PRAISE & CONSTRUCTIVE CRITICISM FROM PEERS AND TEACHER, STUDENTS DO FINAL REVISION Expository writing correct answer: a type of oral or written discourse that is used to explain, describe, give information or inform. Persuasive writing correct answer: writing in which the author wants to convince readers to agree with the author's opinions. To accomplish this, the writer must first make the issues clear to the reader and then provide incidents and facts to support his or her opinion. Examples: campaign speeches, debates, etc. Speculative writing correct answer: creating a fictional story based on a given situation, speculating about what could/did happen -use personal experience -think about audience -use sensory language Satire correct answer: witty language used to convey insults or scorn Occasion in writing correct answer: Helps to determine the elements of the writing. The language should fit the occasion. Purpose in writing correct answer: Helps to determine the format and the language of the writer. Strategies to teach a variety of informational and literary text structures correct answer: Descriptive writing, ordered list, sequence, cause-and-effect, comparison, contrasts, chronological order, problem-and-solution Clauses correct answer: groups of words containing a subject and predicate and functioning as a member of a complex or compound sentence Predicate correct answer: make the (grammatical) predicate in a proposition Verbals correct answer: a form of a verb used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb in a sentence; not the main verb Correlative conjunctions correct answer: conjunctions used in pairs or groups (both...and, either....or, neither...nor) Fragment sentence correct answer: a portion of a sentence, such as a DEPENDENT CLAUSE or a PHRASE, - punctuated as though it were a complete sentence, for example, the fragment beginning with such - as in the following: There are many animals that fly. Such as birds, bats, and bees. Run-on sentences correct answer: A run-on sentence consists of two or more main clauses that are run together without proper punctuation Comma splices correct answer: sentences incorrectly written as if they were one sentense; seperated by a comma Verb present tense correct answer: Singular Plural I have worked We have worked You have worked You have worked He, she, it has worked They have worked Verb past tense correct answer: Singular Plural I had worked We had worked You had worked You had worked He, she, it worked They had worked Verb future tense correct answer: Singular Plural I will work We will work You will work You will work