Aldehydes and Ketones - Exam Questions with Answers | CH 313N, Exams of Organic Chemistry

Download Aldehydes and Ketones - Exam Questions with Answers | CH 313N and more Exams Organic Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! CH 313 N ALDEHYDES AND KETONES 1 CHAPTER 14 Aldehydes and Ketones EXAM QUESTIONS Multiple Choice 1. What is the group that distinguishes aldehydes from most other classes of compounds? a. carboxyl b. carbonyl c. hydroxy d. amide Answer: B 2. What structural characteristic is shared by the aldehydes and the ketones? a. They both are straight chain compounds. b. Both of these compound classes have as the smallest compound a 5 carbon skeleton. c. Aldehydes and ketones both contain a carbonyl carbon. d. Aldehydes and ketones have no shared characteristics. Answer: C 3. In the IUPAC nomenclature system, the name of which of the following would end in “-al”? a. an alcohol b. an aldehyde c. an alkane d. a phenol Answer: B 4. What is the IUPAC name for ? a. 2-methyl-2-pentanone c. 4-methyl-2-pentanone b. 2-methyl-4-pentanone d. 2-methol-4-pentanol Answer: C 5. What is the IUPAC name for ? a. 3-bromobutanal c. 3-bromobutanone b. 2-bromobutanal d. 2-bromobutanone Answer: A 6. What is the IUPAC name for ? a. methylbutanone c. 1-methylcyclobutanal b. 2-methylcyclobutanone d. 1-methylcyclobutanone Answer: B CH 313 N ALDEHYDES AND KETONES 2 7. Acetone has the structure a. b. c. d. Answer: D 8. The name 4,5-dichlorocyclohexanone (incorrect) should be a. 1,2-dichlorocyclohexanone c. 3,4-dichlorocyclohexanone b. 2,3-dichlorocyclohexanone d. 4,5-dichlorocyclohexanone Answer: C 9. To what characteristic(s) do aldehydes and ketones owe their ability to form hydrogen bonds? a. oxygen is always polar b. possessing an oxygen instead of an interior carbon c. having a doubly bonded oxygen d. all of the responses are correct Answer: C 10. Which of the following pure compounds can exhibit hydrogen bonding with itself? a. b. c. d. none of these Answer: D 11. Which of the following compounds can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules? a. c. b. d. more than one response is correct Answer: D 12. What is the consequence of the ability of aldehydes and ketones to form hydrogen bonds? a. They are both highly colored when in the solid state. b. They both have boiling points less than the comparable weight alcohol. c. They prefer to hydrogen bond molecules of the same formula and will not dissolve well in water. d. There is more than one correct response. Answer: B CH 313 N ALDEHYDES AND KETONES 5 26. Fully reacting an aldehyde with an alcohol will produce? a. a carboxylic acid c. a primary alcohol b. no reaction d. an acetal Answer: D 27. Which of the following has the highest boiling point? a. propanal b. methanal c. ethanal d. butanal Answer: D 28. Which of the following properly ranks the relative aqueous solubility of each functional group? a. alkene < aldehyde < alcohol < ketone c. alkene < ketone < alcohol < aldehyde b. aldehyde < ketone < alkene < alcohol d. alkene < ketone < aldehyde < alcohol Answer: D 29. Which of the following is NOT a proper IUPAC name? a. 1-cyclopentanone c. 2-pentanone b. 1-pentanone d. 3-pentanone Answer: B 30. What is the common name for 2-butanone? a. methyl ethyl ketone c. isobutyl ketone b. diethyl ketone d. butyl ketone Answer: A 31. Which of the following is the substance that causes the symptoms associated with a ‘hangover?’ a. methanal c. ethanal b. 2-octanone d. benzaldehyde Answer: C CH 313 N ALDEHYDES AND KETONES 6 True/False 1. The IUPAC name for formaldehyde is methanal. Answer: T 2. The simplest ketone has three carbon atoms. Answer: T 3. Acetone is the common name for 2-butanone. Answer: F 4. 2-propanone is also called methyl ethyl ketone. Answer: F 5. Another name for acetaldehyde is 2-propane. Answer: F 6. When naming aldehydes, the aldehyde group is at position number 1. Answer: T 7. Generally, only those organic compounds containing oxygen or nitrogen can hydrogen bond. Answer: T 8. Acetone can strongly hydrogen bond to itself. Answer: F 9. Acetone can strongly hydrogen bond to water. Answer: T 10. 5-decanone would be a water soluble compound. Answer: F 11. Aldehydes and ketones would always have a higher boiling point than the corresponding hydrocarbon with the same number of carbon atoms. Answer: T 12. Acetals are prepared from ketones and alcohols. Answer: F 13. Acetals are generally more stable than hemiacetals. Answer: T 14. Oxidation of hemiketal will give a ketone and an alcohol. Answer: F 15. The formation of a hemiketal from a ketone and alcohol is a condensation reaction. Answer: F CH 313 N ALDEHYDES AND KETONES 7 16. The formation of a ketal from a hemiketal and alcohol is usually a base catalyzed reaction. Answer: F 17. The addition of an alcohol molecule to an aldehyde carbonyl group gives a hemiacetal. Answer: T 18. Aldehydes are easier to oxidize than ketones. Answer: T 19. Ketones react readily with the Tollens' reagent. Answer: F 20. Benedict's reagent is a stronger oxidizing reagent than the Tollens' reagent. Answer: F