Chapter 11: Aldehydes and Ketones - Structure, Properties, and Reactions - Prof. Cheng-Wei, Study notes of Organic Chemistry

Download Chapter 11: Aldehydes and Ketones - Structure, Properties, and Reactions - Prof. Cheng-Wei and more Study notes Organic Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! Chapter 11. Aldehydes and Ketones Learning objectives: 1. Provide both IUPAC and common names for aldehydes and ketones. 2. Recognize the physical properties of for aldehydes and ketones. 3. Write the general electron-pushing (arrow-pushing) mechanisms for the nucleophilic addition to a carbonyl group with the following nucleophiles: Grignard reagent, alcohol, water, and amine. 4. Write the general electron-pushing (arrow-pushing) mechanism for the tautomerization between keto and enol, and explain the observed racemization at the α-carbon. 5. Recognize the reagents for the transformation from aldehyde to carboxylic acid. 6. Recognize the reagents and conditions used for the reduction of aldehyde and ketone to alcohol. 7. Utilize reductive amination for the synthesis of amines. Sections to be covered (in the order of delivery): 11.1 Structure and Bonding 11.3 Physical Properties 11.4 Reactions 11.5 Addition of Carbon Nucleophiles 11.6 Addition of Oxygen Nucleophiles 11.7 Addition of Nitrogen Nucleophiles 11.8 Keto-Enol Tautomerism 11.9 Oxidation 11.10 Reduction Recommended additional problems 11.12 – 11.43