Alkenes: Properties, Nomenclature, and Reactions - Prof. Debbie C. Crans, Study notes of Organic Chemistry

Download Alkenes: Properties, Nomenclature, and Reactions - Prof. Debbie C. Crans and more Study notes Organic Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! 31 August Alkenes Hydrocarbons w/ at least one double bond Unsaturated Cycloalkanes and Alkenes General Formula: CnH2n Each ring and each π bond removes 2 H’s from alkane general formula Endless possibilities – including more than one double bond Molecules based on formulas can have different structures Nomenclature Ending in –ene – double bond should be numbered Rules same as alkanes – double bond must be in longest linear chain Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons – they have less than max # of hydrogens Vinyl carbon – sp2 carbon of alkene Vinyl hydrogen – bound to vinyl carbon Allyl carbon – sp3 carbon attached to alkene Allyl hydrogen – bound to allyl carbon Alkene Structure Double Bond composed of 1 σ bond, 1 π bond π bond requires p orbital from each participating atom – C must be sp2 Recall that sp2 atom has all sp2 orbitals in same plane Cis isomer – priority constituents are on same side of π bond Trans isomer – priority constituents are on opposite sides of π bond Cis and trans alkene isomers are different compounds