AMINOGLYCOSIDES CHEAT SHEET, Exams of Nursing

Download AMINOGLYCOSIDES CHEAT SHEET and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Anti Infectives - Aminoglycosides Nursing management Favorable Outcomes • Before administering any antibiotic be sure to evaluate the results of the culture and sensitivity test. • Take the drug at the prescribed time intervals. These time intervals are important because a certain amount of the drug must be in the body at all times for the infection to be controlled.. • Always report serious adverse reactions, such as a severe hypersensitivity reaction, respiratory difficulty, severe diarrhea, or a decided drop in blood pressure, to the primary health care provider immediately, because a serious adverse reaction may require emergency intervention. • Monitor temperature and evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment via labs and vitals. • Neuromuscular blockade or respiratory paralysis may occur with the administration of aminoglycosides. It is imperative to monitor respiratory status and report any respiratory difficulty immediately. • To detect ototoxicity, carefully evaluate the patient’s complaints or comments related to hearing, such as a ringing or buzzing in the ears. How do they work? “Action” The aminoglycosides exert their bactericidal effect by blocking the ribosome from reading the mRNA, a step in protein synthesis necessary for bacterial multiplication. Indications • Infections caused by gram negative organisms • Before abdominal surgery to reduce normal flora in the bowel Adverse Reactions • Nausea • Vomiting • Anorexia • Rash • Urticaria • Nephrotoxicity • Ototoxicity • Neurotoxicity Contraindications & Caution • Hypersensitivity • Pre existing Hearing loss • Myasthenia gravis • Parkinsonism • Pregnancy & lactation Interactions: • Cephalosporins: Increased risk of nephrotoxicity • Loop diuretics (water pills): Increased risk of ototoxicity • Pavulon or Anectine (general anesthetics): Increased risk of neuromuscular blockade • Patient reports comfort without fever. • Orientation and mentation remain intact. • Patient has adequate renal tissue perfusion. • No evidence of injury is seen due to visual or auditory disturbances. • Patient does not experience diarrhea. (Ford 91) Generic Trade Use Dose N/A Treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms 3 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses IM or IV For life-threatening infection: 5 mg/kg/day in divided doses Streptomycin N/A Treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms PLUS TREATMENT OF TB 15 mg/kg/day IM or 25–30 mg/kg IM 2–3 times per week Tobramycin N/A Treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms 3–5 mg/kg/day IM, IV in 3 equal doses Gentamicin