Anatomy and Physiology I Study Guide New Latest Version Updated 2023-2024, Exams of Nursing

Download Anatomy and Physiology I Study Guide New Latest Version Updated 2023-2024 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Anatomy and Physiology I Study Guide New Latest Version Updated 2023-2024 with All Questions and 100% Correct Answers functional grouping of biomolecules; biochemical reactions and interactions -------- Correct Answer -------- Organelles a functional grouping of tissues -------- Correct Answer -------- Organs the basic unit of all life and the grouping of organelles -------- Correct Answer -------- Cells a functional grouping of organs -------- Correct Answer -------- Organ Systems the basic living system, a functional grouping of the lower-level components, including at least one cell -------- Correct Answer -------- Organism Study of the structure of living organisms. -------- Correct Answer -------- Anatomy Study of the function of living organisms. Branch of biology that deals with the functions, mechanisms, and activities of organisms at the cellular or organ system level. -------- Correct Answer -------- Physiology Part of a physical examination where an organ is felt to determine: size, shape, firmness and location. -------- Correct Answer -------- Palpation The act of listening to sounds from an organ that helps with diagnosis and treatment. --- ----- Correct Answer -------- Auscultation Cell -> Tissue -> Organ -> Organ system -> Animal -------- Correct Answer -------- Emergent properties Medical practice that takes on peoples psychological, physical, and social needs as a whole. -------- Correct Answer -------- Holistic ... -------- Correct Answer -------- Reductionism The outside of cells inside the body of an organism. -------- Correct Answer -------- Internal Environment The environment outside of an organism which relates to physical, chemical, biological, and social conditions surrounding an organism. -------- Correct Answer -------- External Environment A state of body equilibrium or stable internal environment of the body. Stimulus -> Receptor -> Input (Control Center) Output -> Effector (Response) -------- Correct Answer -------- Homeostasis Senses that reports on angular (rotatory) acceleration or deceleration of the head in space. -------- Correct Answer -------- Dynamic Equilibrium The position where an individual is laying down while facing up. -------- Correct Answer - ------- Supine The position where and individual is laying down while facing down. -------- Correct Answer -------- Prone Individual is standing upwards in position facing forward, arms to the side with palms facing forward. -------- Correct Answer -------- Anatomical Position Large interior organs in the greater cavities especially in the abdomen. -------- Correct Answer -------- Viscera Large enough to be visible by the naked eye -------- Correct Answer -------- Gross ... -------- Correct Answer -------- Surface ... -------- Correct Answer -------- Regional ... -------- Correct Answer -------- Microscopic ... -------- Correct Answer -------- Histology ... -------- Correct Answer -------- Systemic ... -------- Correct Answer -------- Developmental Anatomy ... -------- Correct Answer -------- Cytology ... -------- Correct Answer -------- Embryology functions and activities of cells as a whole or of any of it's body parts -------- Correct Answer -------- Cell Physiology Toward the head end or upper part of the structure or the body; above -------- Correct Answer -------- Superior Away from the head end or toward the lower part of the structure of the body; below ----- --- Correct Answer -------- Inferior Toward or at the front of the body; in front of -------- Correct Answer -------- Ventral Toward or at the back of the body; behind -------- Correct Answer -------- Dorsal Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of -------- Correct Answer -------- Medial Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of -------- Correct Answer -------- Lateral Between a more medial and a more lateral structure -------- Correct Answer -------- Intermediate Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk -------- Correct Answer -------- Proximal Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk -------- Correct Answer -------- Distal Toward or at the body surface -------- Correct Answer -------- Superficial Away from the body surface; more internal -------- Correct Answer -------- Deep Related to the opposite side -------- Correct Answer -------- Contralateral Situated on the same side -------- Correct Answer -------- Ipsilateral Pertaining to the head. -------- Correct Answer -------- Cephalic Pertaining to the tail. -------- Correct Answer -------- Caudal Makes up the main axis of our body including, the head neck, and trunk -------- Correct Answer -------- Axial Consist of the appendages or limbs -------- Correct Answer -------- Appendicular Vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts -------- Correct Answer -------- Sagittal Plane Exactly in the middle is the midsagittal plane that divides the body exactly in half -------- Correct Answer -------- Midsagittal Plane Offset from the middle of the plane -------- Correct Answer -------- Parasagittal Plane Divides the body into anterior and posterior. -------- Correct Answer -------- Frontal (Coronal) Plane Also known as horizontal plane horizontally from right to left dividing the body into superior and inferior. -------- Correct Answer -------- Transverse Plane back part of the body; two subdivisions are cranial and spinal -------- Correct Answer ---- ---- Dorsal Cavity part of the dorsal cavity containing the brain -------- Correct Answer -------- Cranial part of the dorsal cavity containing the spinal cord -------- Correct Answer -------- Vertebral (spinal) front part of the body; two subdivisions are thoracic and abdominopelvic -------- Correct Answer -------- Ventral chest cavity that includes left and right pleural cavities and midportion called the mediastinum -------- Correct Answer -------- Thoracic Cavity left and right sides of the thoracic (chest) cavity; contain the lungs -------- Correct Answer -------- Pleural Cavity middle portion of the thoracic (chest) cavity that contains the heart, trachea, etc. -------- Correct Answer -------- Mediastinum contains the heart, and other thoracic organs (esophagus, trachea, and others.) -------- Correct Answer -------- Pericardial Cavity made of an upper part called the abdominal cavity and a lower called the pelvic cavity -- ------ Correct Answer -------- Abdominopelvic Cavity from the diaphragm to the rim of the pelvic bones -------- Correct Answer -------- Abdominal Cavity from the pelvic rim to the floor of the trunk -------- Correct Answer -------- Pelvic Cavity Internal environment remains distinct from the external environment surrounding itself. - ------- Correct Answer -------- Maintaining Boundaries activities promoting the body to use energy (muscle movement, digestion, building new cells, etc.) -------- Correct Answer -------- Movement Ability to sense changes (stimuli) in the environment and then respond to them. -------- Correct Answer -------- Responsiveness Chemical or mechanical process of breaking down foodstuffs to substances that can be absorbed. -------- Correct Answer -------- Digestion Sum total of the chemical reactions occurring in the body cells. -------- Correct Answer -- ------ Metabolism Elimination of waste products from the body. -------- Correct Answer -------- Excretion Occurs at cellular and organismal level. Cell reproduction and reproduction of a human organism. -------- Correct Answer -------- Reproduction an increase in size of a body part or organism. -------- Correct Answer -------- Growth Atoms → Molecules → Organelles → Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ Systems → Organism -------- Correct Answer -------- Levels of Organization starting with an Atom