AP Computer Science A Questions and answers AP Computer Science A Questions and answers, Exams of Computer Science

Download AP Computer Science A Questions and answers AP Computer Science A Questions and answers and more Exams Computer Science in PDF only on Docsity! AP Computer Science A Questions and answers accessor method CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a method that accesses an object but does not change it. actual parameter - the expression supplied for a formal parameter of a method by the caller. address CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a location in memory at which a binary number (usually a byte, or value of 8 bits) is stored. The location in memory can itself be identified by a binary number - this number, the absolute or explicit address, gives the absolute location of the address in memory, while a relative address specifies a location memory (some other address only in relation to the current, or base, address. All access to memory is access to to a cell of memory found at a specified address. algorithm CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a well-ordered collection of unambiguous and effectively computable operations that, when executed, produces a result and halts in a finite amount of time [[an unambiguous, executable, and terminating specification of a way to solve a problem argument CORRECT ANSWERS✅ an actual parameter in a method call, or one of the values combined by an operator]] AP Computer Science A Questions and answers arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) ASCII CORRECT ANSWERS✅ The American Standard Code for Information Exchange - a character-encoding scheme based on the English alphabet used to represent text in computers. It uses 8 bits to represent each character, so it is able to encode a total of 2^8 = 256 different characters. These are assigned the integer values 0 to 255. Only 32 to 126 have been assigned to printable characters. The ASCII has been largely supplanted by UNICODE and the UCS (universal character set), which are backwards compatible with it (commonly encoded using UTF-8, UTF-16, and UTF-32 representing character sets using 8, 16, and 32 bits respectively. UTF-16 can represent 65,536 characters.) binary CORRECT ANSWERS✅ the binary, or the base-2, positional numbering system represents numerical values using only two symbols, 0 and 1 bit CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a contraction of binary digit; the smallest unit of information, having two possible values: 0 and 1. A data element consisting of n bits has 2ⁿ possible boolean CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a data type with two possible value representing true and false. AP Computer Science A Questions and answers explicit parameter CORRECT ANSWERS✅ A parameter of a method other than the object on which the method is invoked flops CORRECT ANSWERS✅ floating-point operations per second formal parameter CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a variable in a method definition; it is initialized with an actual parameter value when the method is called gigabyte CORRECT ANSWERS✅ 1 billion bytes. In binary, technically 2^30 bytes, or 1 073 741 824 bytes I/0 buffer CORRECT ANSWERS✅ memory stored in the I/O controller for transfer between RAM and an I/O device (such as characters from memory to a screen, or from a mass storage device to memory). I/O controller CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a device that handles the details of input/output and compensates for any speed differences between I/O devices and other parts of the computer. Contains a small amount of memory, called an I/O buffer, and enough I/O control and logic processing capability to handle the AP Computer Science A Questions and answers mechanical functions of the I/O device, such as the read-write head, paper feed mechanism, and screen display. It is also able to transmit to the processor a special hardware signal, called an interrupt signal, when an I/O operation is done. IDE CORRECT ANSWERS✅ Integrated development environment, such as Eclipse: A software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development. An IDE normally consists of: - a source code editor - a compiler and/or an interpreter - build automation tools - a debugger implicit parameter CORRECT ANSWERS✅ The object on which a method is invoked. For example, in g.play(), the object g is the implicit parameter of the method play. initialize CORRECT ANSWERS✅ to set a variable to a well-defined value when it is created. int x = 0; initializes the variable x with a value of 0. instance CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (of a class, an object whose type is that class) AP Computer Science A Questions and answers instance variable CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a variable defined in a class for which every object of the class has its own value. instantiation CORRECT ANSWERS✅ construction of an object of a given class instruction set CORRECT ANSWERS✅ All of the machine-language commands that a particular CPU is designed to understand. kilobyte CORRECT ANSWERS✅ 1000 bytes, technically 2^10, or 1024 bytes in binary local variable CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a variable whose scope is a block (it can only be accessed within that block) logic gate CORRECT ANSWERS✅ A logic gate is an idealized or physical device implementing a Boolean function, that is, it performs a logical operation on one or more logic inputs and produces a single logic output. Depending on the context, the term may refer to an ideal logic gate, one that has for instance zero rise time and unlimited fan-out, or it may refer to a non-ideal physical device. AP Computer Science A Questions and answers Memory Data Register (MDR) CORRECT ANSWERS✅ contains the data value being fetched or stored. Typically a multiple of 8 bits, since it it is used to hold the data to be fetched or stored and all data must be stored in cells that are 8 bits wide. method CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a sequence of statements that has a name, may have formal parameters, and may return a value. A method can be invoked any number of times, with different values for its parameters. method signature - the name of a method and the type of its parameters mutator method CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a method that changes the state of its objects, as opposed to an accessor method object CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a value of a class type object reference CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a value that denotes the location of an object in memory. In Java, a variable whose type is a class contains a reference to an object of this class. object-oriented programming CORRECT ANSWERS✅ designing a program by discovering objects, their properties, and their relationships AP Computer Science A Questions and answers parameter CORRECT ANSWERS✅ an item of information that is specified to a method when the method is called. For example, in the call System.out.println("Hello, World!"), the parameters are the implicit parameter System.out and the explicit parameter "Hello, World!". parameter passing CORRECT ANSWERS✅ specifying expressions to be actual parameter values for a method when it is called. primitive data type CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a data type structured by Java to hold a single data item (Integer, character, floating point, true/false, long) pseudocode CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a high-level description of the actions of a program or algorithm, using a mixture of English and informal programming language syntax Random Access Memory CORRECT ANSWERS✅ RAM, electronic circuits in a computer that can store code and data of running programs. random access is the ability to access any value directly without having to read the values preceding it. AP Computer Science A Questions and answers register CORRECT ANSWERS✅ a storage cell that holds the operands of an arithmetic operation and that, when the operation is complete, holds its results. scope CORRECT ANSWERS✅ the part of a program in which a variable is defined software CORRECT ANSWERS✅ (computer science) written programs or procedures or rules and associated documentation pertaining to the operation of a computer system and that are stored in read/write memory stored program concept CORRECT ANSWERS✅ central characteristic of Von Neumann Architecture and the design of all modern computers, in which the instructions to be executed by the computer are represented as binary values and stored in memory syntax CORRECT ANSWERS✅ rules that define how to form instructions in a particular programming language terabyte CORRECT ANSWERS✅ 1 trillion bytes - in binary actually 1099511627776, or 2^40 bytes