APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20, Exams of Biology

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APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20 Question 1 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Which individuals in a population are most important in determining the numbers for the Hardy- Weinberg principle since one can tell their genotype from their phenotype?  A. mutated  B. fittest  C. homozygous recessive  D. homozygous dominant  E. heterozygous Feedback:Correct Question 2 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Gradual speciation is more likely to be associated with small changes building up in  APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20 A. geographically diverse areas  B. genes associated with DNA synthesis  C. ability to reproduce asexually  D. stable environments Feedback:Correct Question 3 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points The accumulation of mutations in a population over generations leads to  A. evolution  B. nonrandom mating  C. extinction APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20 C. cats in New York City  D. oak trees in Canada Feedback:Correct Question 7 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points A species that is well studied so that we can learn more about the way we work is call a ________.  A. organismal representative  B. representative life form  C. model organism  D. species stand in Feedback:Correct Question 8 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Two different species mate and produce a zygote. As it starts to develop, it dies due to the genetic APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20 differences. What would this be called?  A. postzygotic barrier  B. sexual dimorphism  C. gametic inviability  D. prezygotic barrier Feedback:Correct Question 9 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Cladistics is used to construct ________.  A. molecular systematics  B. shared ancestral characteristics APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20  C. phylogenetic trees  D. homologous entries Feedback:Correct Question 10 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Using pharmacogenomics, a person can identify which drug works best for them with minimal side effects and maximum efficacy. This leads to the concept of  A. maximal medicine  B. personalized medicine  C. proper toxicology  D. minimal consequences  APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20  D. pharmacogenomics Feedback:Correct Question 14 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points The only taxonomic category in which microevolution can occur is the ________ level.  A. domain  B. species  C. genus  D. kingdom  E. family  APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20 F. population Feedback:Correct! Question 15 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points What type of gene is a normal activator of cell growth?  A. proto-oncogene  B. oncogene  C. tumor suppressor gene  D. proto-tumor suppressor gene Feedback:Learning Objective: Explain how changes to gene expression at different levels can disrupt the cell cycle Question 16 of 40 0.0/ 2.5 Points Which of the following statements is most accurate concerning horizontal gene transfer?  APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20 A. would not be passed on to offspring  B. would not be acted upon by natural selection since it is not natural to the organism  C. would be a potent alternative to introducing new genes into species  D. is unlikely to have any significant effects on organisms Feedback:Incorrect- Learning Objective Text: Describe horizontal gene transfer Question 17 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Why does natural selection only act on heritable variation?  A. natural selection cannot act on heritable variation alone, it needs acquired characteristics  B. environment and acquired characteristics will not affect populations, only individuals  C. no way to pass environment or acquired characteristics to offspring, only genes APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20 B. Genetic drift will just as likely decrease variation as increase it.  C. Genetic drift usually increases variation.  D. Genetic drift usually decrease variation Feedback:Correct Question 21 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points The geographic variation seen as populations of a species vary gradually across an ecological gradient is known as a  A. cline  B. population structure  C. variability force  D. founder effect APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20 Feedback:Correct Question 22 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Evolution is  A. a strong hypothesis  B. not seen in the fossil record  C. supported by all scientific evidence examined so far  D. very difficult to study since it takes so long Feedback:Correct Question 23 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points The portions of the mature mRNA where RNA-binding proteins can attach in order to change RNA stability are known as  A. poly-A-tails APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20  B. codons  C. untranslated regions  D. enhancers  E. operators Feedback:Learning Objective: Describe the importance of RNA stability in gene regulation Question 24 of 40 0.0/ 2.5 Points During translation initiation, eIF-2 binds to GTP which then binds to  A. 60S ribosomal subunit  B. 40S ribosomal subunit  APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20  B. restriction enzyme  C. sperm cell  D. vector  E. diploid nucleus Feedback:Correct Question 28 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Mammalian forelimbs are an example of  A. vestigial structures  B. diverse structures  APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20 C. homologous structures  D. analogous structures Feedback:Correct Question 29 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points In eukaryotes, where would a protective modification be found on mRNA?  A. on the 5' end  B. on the 3' end  C. on both the 5' end and the 3' end  D. on neither the 5' end nor the 3' end Feedback:Correct Question 30 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points The place where Darwin noticed finch and tortoise differences that helped him develop his APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20 theory of evolution was ________?  A. the Malay Archipelago  B. the Galapagos Islands  C. Australia  D. Africa  E. Brazil Feedback:Correct Question 31 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points In order to focus on only the expressed portions of DNA, what type of sequencing can be used?  A. shotgun sequencing APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20 A. the evolution of a new feature  B. morphological convergence  C. the formation of a vestigial structure  D. mutational disruption Feedback:Correct Question 35 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Bacillus thuringienesis bacteria produce a toxin that harms insects. The bacteria used to be grown in culture and sprayed on crops as an insecticide. How has genetic engineering eliminated the need to do this?  A. engineered motility for the bacteria so they can move to the crops themselves  B. put the toxin gene into the plants themselves to make their own toxin  C. engineered insects to be able to use Bacillus thuringienesis as a food source APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20  D. put the toxin gene into humans so that they are resistant Feedback:Correct Question 36 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Population bottlenecks and founder effects  A. both lead to genetic drift, which reduces variation in the population  B. have opposite effects on population variation  C. both result in an increased mutation rate in the population  D. both result in genetic variation due to extreme conditions Feedback:Correct Question 37 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Large scale adaptations of the two-hybrid technique have allowed for determining many protein interactions at once using APUS BIOL133 Exam 4- Chapters 16-20  A. nuclear magnetic resonance imaging  B. systems biology  C. protein microarrays  D. mass spectrometry Feedback:Correct Question 38 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points ________ hotspots can decrease the accuracy of linkage maps.  A. Recombination  B. Microsatellite 