Download AQA-AS-FORMULA-SHEET-7407-SDB-.pdf and more Exams Physics in PDF only on Docsity! AS Physics data and formulae For use in exams from the June 2016 Series onwards Version 1.4 1 DATA - FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS AND VALUES Quantity Symbol Value Units speed of light in vacuo ๐ 3.00 ร 108 m sโ1 permeability of free space 0 4ฯ ร 10โ7 H mโ1 permittivity of free space 0 8.85 ร 10โ12 F mโ1 magnitude of the charge of electron ๐ 1.60 ร 10โ19 C the Planck constant โ 6.63 ร 10โ34 J s gravitational constant ๐บ 6.67 ร 10โ11 N m2 kgโ2 the Avogadro constant ๐A 6.02 ร 1023 molโ1 molar gas constant ๐
8.31 J Kโ1 molโ1 the Boltzmann constant ๐ 1.38 ร 10โ23 J Kโ1 the Stefan constant 5.67 ร 10โ8 W mโ2 Kโ4 the Wien constant 2.90 ร 10โ3 m K electron rest mass (equivalent to 5.5 ร 10โ4 u) ๐e 9.11 ร 10โ31 kg electron charge/mass ratio ๐ ๐e 1.76 ร 1011 C kgโ1 proton rest mass (equivalent to 1.00728 u) ๐p 1.67(3) ร 10โ27 kg proton charge/mass ratio ๐ ๐p 9.58 ร 107 C kgโ1 neutron rest mass (equivalent to 1.00867 u) ๐n 1.67(5) ร 10โ27 kg gravitational field strength ๐ 9.81 N kgโ1 acceleration due to gravity ๐ 9.81 m sโ2 atomic mass unit (1u is equivalent to 931.5 MeV) u 1.661 ร 10โ27 kg ALGEBRAIC EQUATION GEOMETRICAL EQUATIONS quadratic equation a acbbx 2 42 โยฑโ= arc length = r circumference of circle = 2ฯr ASTRONOMICAL DATA area of circle = ฯr2 Body Mass/kg Mean radius/m curved surface area of cylinder = 2ฯrh Sun 1.99 ร 1030 6.96 ร 108 area of sphere = 4ฯr2 Earth 5.97 ร 1024 6.37 ร 106 volume of sphere = 3 4 ฯr3 2 Version 1.4 Particle Physics Class Name Symbol Rest energy/MeV photon photon 0 lepton neutrino v e 0 v ยต 0 electron e ยฑ 0.510999 muon ยต ยฑ 105.659 mesons ฯ meson ฯยฑ 139.576 ฯ0 134.972 K meson K ยฑ 493.821 K0 497.762 baryons proton p 938.257 neutron n 939.551 Properties of quarks antiquarks have opposite signs Type Charge Baryon number Strangeness u + 3 2 e + 3 1 0 d โ 3 1 e + 3 1 0 s โ 3 1 e + 3 1 โ 1 Properties of Leptons Lepton number Particles: eโ, ฮฝe ; ยตโ, ฮฝยต + 1 Antiparticles: e+, ฮฝe, ยต+, ฮฝยต โ 1 Photons and energy levels photon energy ๐ธ = โ๐ = โ๐ photoelectricity โ๐ = + ๐ธk (max) energy levels โ๐ = ๐ธ1 โ ๐ธ2 de Broglie Wavelength ๐ = โ ๐ = โ ๐๐ Waves wave speed ๐ = ๐๐ period ๐ = 1 ๐ first harmonic ๐ = 1 2๐ ๏ฟฝ ๐ ๐ fringe spacing ๐ค = ๐ท ๐ diffraction grating ๐ sin ๐ = ๐๐ refractive index of a substance s, ๐ = ๐ ๐s for two different substances of refractive indices n1 and n2, law of refraction ๐1 sin ๐1 = ๐2 sin ๐2 critical angle sin ๐๐ = ๐2 ๐1 for ๐1 > ๐2 Mechanics moments moment = ๐น๐ velocity and acceleration ๐ = โ๐ โ๐ก ๐ = โ๐ โ๐ก equations of motion ๐ = ๐ข + ๐๐ก ๐ = ๏ฟฝ ๐ข + ๐ 2 ๏ฟฝ ๐ก ๐2 = ๐ข2 + 2๐๐ ๐ = ๐ข๐ก + ๐๐ก2 2 force ๐น = ๐๐ force ๐น = โ(๐๐) โ๐ก impulse ๐น ฮ๐ก = ฮ(๐๐) work, energy and power ๐ = ๐น ๐ cos๐ ๐ธk = 1 2 ๐ ๐2 ฮ๐ธp = ๐๐ฮโ ๐ = โ๐ โ๐ก , ๐ = ๐น๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ = ๐ข๐ ๐๐๐ข๐ ๐๐ข๐ก๐๐ข๐ก ๐๐๐ค๐๐ ๐๐๐๐ข๐ก ๐๐๐ค๐๐ Materials density ๐ = ๐ ๐ Hookeโs law ๐น = ๐ ๐ฅ๐ฅ Young modulus ๐ก๐ก๐๐ก๐ก๐ก๐ก ๐ก๐ก๐ ๐ก๐ก๐ก ๐ก๐ก๐๐ก๐ก๐ก๐ก ๐ก๐ก๐ ๐ ๐ก๐ tensile stress = ๐น ๐ด tensile strain = โ๐ฟ ๐ฟ energy stored ๐ธ = 1 2 ๐นฮ๐ฅ