Arduino Programming Code Cheat Sheet, Cheat Sheet of Programming Languages

Download Arduino Programming Code Cheat Sheet and more Cheat Sheet Programming Languages in PDF only on Docsity! Control Structures if (x < 5) { ... } else { ... } while (x < 5) { ... } do { ... } while ( x < 5); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { ... } break; // exit a loop immediately continue; // go to next iteration switch (myVar) { case 1: ... break; case 2: ... break; default: ... } return x; // just return; for voids Basic Program Structure void setup() { // runs once when sketch starts } void loop() { // runs repeatedly } General Operators = (assignment operator) + (add) - (subtract) * (multiply) / (divide) % (modulo) == (equal to) != (not equal to) < (less than) > (greater than) <= (less than or equal to) >= (greater than or equal to) && (and) || (or) ! (not) Pointer Access & (reference: get a pointer) * (dereference: follow a pointer) Bitwise Operators & (bitwise and) | (bitwise or) ^ (bitwise xor) ~ (bitwise not) << (shift left) >> (shift right) Compound Operators ++ (increment) -- (decrement) += (compound addition) -= (compound substraction) *= (compound multiplication) /= (compound division) &= (compound bitwise and) |= (compound bitwise or) Constants HIGH | LOW INPUT | OUTPUT true | false 143 (Decimal) 0173 (Octal - base 8) 0b11011111 (Binary) 0x7B (Hexadecimal - base 16) 7U (force unsigned) 10L (force long) 15UL (force long unsigned) 10.0 (force floating point) 2.4e5 (2.4*10^5 = 240000) Data types void boolean (0, 1, true, false) char (e.g. 'a' -128 to 127) int (-32768 to 32767) long (-2147483648 to 2147483647) unsigned char (0 to 255) byte (0 to 255) unsigned int (0 to 65535) word (0 to 65535) unsigned long (0 to 4294967295) float (-3.4028e+38 to 3.4028e+38) double (currently same as float) Strings char S1[8] = {'A','r','d','u','i','n','o'}; // unterminated string; may crash char S2[8] = {'A','r','d','u','i','n','o','\0'}; // includes \0 null termination char S3[]="Arduino"; char S4[8]="Arduino"; Arrays int myInts[6]; // array of 6 ints int myPins[]={2, 4, 8, 3, 6}; int mySensVals[6]={2, 4, -8, 3, 2}; myInts[0]=42; // assigning first // index of myInts myInts[6]=12; // ERROR! Indexes // are 0 though 5 Type Conversions char() byte() int() word() long() float() Qualifiers static (persists between calls) volatile (in RAM (nice for ISR)) const (make read only) PROGMEM (in flash) Pin Input/Output Digital I/O (pins: 0-13 A0-A5) pinMode(pin,[INPUT, OUTPUT]) int digitalread(pin) digitalWrite(pin, value) // Write HIGH to an input to // enable pull-up resistors Analog In (pins: 0-5) int analogRead(pin) analogReference( [DEFAULT, INTERNAL, EXTERNAL]) PWM Out (pins: 3 5 6 9 10 11) analogWrite(pin, value) Advanced I/O tone(pin, freqhz) tone(pin, freqhz, duration_ms) noTone(pin) shiftOut(dataPin, clockPin, [MSBFIRST,LSBFIRST], value) unsigned long pulseIn(pin, [HIGH,LOW]) Time unsigned long millis() // overflows at 50 days unsigned long micros() // overflows at 70 minutes delay(msec) delayMicroseconds(usec) Math min(x, y) max(x, y) abs(x) sin(rad) cos(rad) tan(rad) sqrt(x) pow(base, exponent) constrain(x, minval, maxval) map(val, fromL, fromH, toL, toH) Random Numbers randomSeed(seed) // long or int long random(max) long random(min, max) Bits and Bytes lowByte(x) highByte(x) bitRead(x, bitn) bitWrite(x, bitn, bit) bitSet(x, bitn) bitClear(x, bitn) bit(bitn) // bitn: 0=LSB 7=MSB External Interrupts attachInterrupt(interrupt, func, [LOW, CHANGE, RISING, FALLING]) detachInterrupt(interrupt) interrupts() noInterrupts() Serial (communicate with PC or via RX/TX) begin(long Speed) // up to 115200 end() int available() // #bytes available byte read() // -1 if none available byte peek() flush() print(myData) println(myData) write(myBytes) SerialEvent() // called if data rdy EEPROM (#include <EEPROM.h>) byte read(intAddr) write(intAddr, myByte) Servo (#include <Servo.h>) attach(pin, [min_uS, max_uS]) write(angle) // 0 to 180 writeMicroseconds(uS) // 1000-2000; 1500 is midpoint int read() // 0 to 180 bool attached() detach() SoftwareSerial (serial comm. on any pins) (#include <softwareSerial.h>) SoftwareSerial(rxPin, txPin) begin(long Speed) // up to 115200 listen() // Only 1 can listen isListening() // at a time. read, peek, print, println, write // all like in Serial library Wire (I²C comm.) (#include <Wire.h>) begin() // join a master begin(addr) // join a slave @ addr requestFrom(address, count) beginTransmission(addr) // Step 1 send(myByte) // Step 2 send(char * mystring) send(byte * data, size) endTransmission() // Step 3 int available() // #bytes available byte receive() // get next byte onReceive(handler) onRequest(handler) Libraries Arduino Programming Cheat Sheet Primary source: Arduino Language Reference http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/ by Mark Liffiton Structure & Flow Operators Built-in Functions Variables, Arrays, and Data Adapted from: - Original by Gavin Smith - SVG version by Frederic Dufourg - Arduino board drawing original by Fritzing.org DIGITAL (PWM~)A R E F G N D 1 3 1 2 ~ 1 1 ~ 1 0 ~ 9 8 7 ~ 6 ~ 5 4 ~ 3 2 T X → 1 R X ← 0 L TX RX POWER ANALOG IN A 0 A 1 A 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 I O R E F R E S E T 3 . 3 V 5 V G N D G N D V i n ON WWW.ARDUINO.CC - Made in Italy RESET ICSP 1 i n t 1 i n t 0 S D A S C L S C L S D A DC in sugg. 7-12V limit 6-20V ATmega382: 16MHz, 32KB Flash (prog.), 2KB SRAM, 1KB EEPROM ARDUINO UNO