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ARITHMETIC SEQUENCES AND SERIES, Schemes and Mind Maps of Calculus

Means the sum of the terms in a sequence. Since sequences are infinite, the sequence to be summed must have a specified beginning term and ending term. Explicit ...

Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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Download ARITHMETIC SEQUENCES AND SERIES and more Schemes and Mind Maps Calculus in PDF only on Docsity! ARITHMETICĀ SEQUENCESĀ ANDĀ SERIESĀ  Ā  AĀ sequenceĀ isĀ anĀ orderedĀ listĀ ofĀ numbers.Ā Ā EachĀ numberĀ inĀ theĀ listĀ  isĀ calledĀ aĀ termĀ ofĀ theĀ sequence.Ā  Ā  Ex1Ā  a.Ā  4, 7, 10, 13, ā€¦Ā  plus 3 Ā  Ā  Ā  fifthĀ term 16Ā  Ā  Ā  b.Ā  4, 2, 1, , ā€¦Ā  times Ā  Ā  Ā  fifthĀ term Ā  Ā  Ā  c.Ā  1, 4, 9, 16, ā€¦Ā  (squares)Ā  Ā  Ā  fifthĀ term 25Ā  Ā  SequenceĀ NotationĀ  Ā  TheĀ firstĀ termĀ ofĀ aĀ sequenceĀ isĀ š’‚šŸĀ  TheĀ secondĀ termĀ ofĀ aĀ sequenceĀ isĀ š’‚šŸĀ  TheĀ thirdĀ termĀ ofĀ aĀ sequenceĀ isĀ š’‚šŸ‘Ā  TheĀ termĀ inĀ theĀ nthĀ positionĀ ofĀ aĀ sequenceĀ isĀ š’‚š’Ā  TheĀ termĀ precedingĀ š‘Ž Ā isĀ š’‚š’ šŸĀ  Ā  Ā  RecursiveĀ SequenceĀ  Ā  AĀ sequenceĀ isĀ definedĀ recursivelyĀ ifĀ theĀ firstĀ termĀ isĀ givenĀ  š‘Ž Ā  andĀ thereĀ isĀ aĀ formulaĀ forĀ determiningĀ theĀ nthĀ termĀ  š‘Ž Ā byĀ usingĀ  theĀ precedingĀ termĀ  š‘Ž .Ā  Ā  Ex2Ā  a.Ā  ListĀ theĀ firstĀ 5Ā termsĀ ofĀ theĀ sequence.Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 9Ā andĀ š‘Ž āˆ— š‘Ž Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— š‘Ž Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— š‘Ž Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— š‘Ž Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— š‘Ž Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— 9 3Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— 1 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— š‘Ž Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— š‘Ž Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— š‘Ž Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— š‘Ž Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— 3 1Ā  š‘Ž āˆ— Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  9, 3, 1, , Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  3š‘˜ 2 Ā  expandedĀ formĀ  Ā  Ā  Ex4Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  3 āˆ— 3 2 3 āˆ— 4 2 3 āˆ— 5 2 Ā  Ā  Ā  3 āˆ— 6 2 3 āˆ— 7 2 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  11 14 17 20 23Ā  Ā  Ā  85Ā  Ā  ArithmeticĀ SequenceĀ  Ā  AnĀ arithmeticĀ sequenceĀ isĀ aĀ sequenceĀ inĀ whichĀ thereĀ isĀ aĀ  commonĀ differenceĀ  š’… Ā betweenĀ consecutiveĀ terms.Ā  Ā  ļ‚· RecursiveĀ formĀ ofĀ anĀ arithmeticĀ sequenceĀ  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž Ā aĀ beginningĀ number,Ā andĀ Ā š‘Ž š‘Ž š‘‘Ā  Ā  Ā  (youĀ mustĀ knowĀ š‘Ž , š‘Ž Ā andĀ š‘‘)Ā  Ā  ļ‚· ExplicitĀ formĀ ofĀ anĀ arithmeticĀ sequenceĀ  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž š‘Ž š‘› 1 āˆ— š‘‘Ā  Ā  Ā  (youĀ mustĀ knowĀ š‘Ž Ā andĀ š‘‘)Ā  Ā  Ex5Ā  a.Ā  FindĀ theĀ 21stĀ termĀ ofĀ thisĀ arithmeticĀ sequenceĀ  Ā  Ā  3.7, 3.3, 2.9, ā€¦Ā  Ā  Ā  FromĀ thisĀ informationĀ weĀ knowĀ š‘Ž 3.7Ā andĀ š‘‘ .4Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 3.7 21 1 āˆ— .4Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 3.7 20 āˆ— .4 Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 3.7 8 Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 4.3Ā  Ā  b.Ā  FindĀ theĀ 21stĀ termĀ ofĀ thisĀ arithmeticĀ sequenceĀ  Ā  Ā  8, 2.75, 2.5, ā€¦Ā  Ā  Ā  FromĀ thisĀ informationĀ weĀ knowĀ š‘Ž 8Ā andĀ š‘‘ 5.25Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 8 21 1 āˆ— 5.25Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 8 20 āˆ— 5.25 Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 8 105 Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 97Ā  Ā  Ex6Ā  GivenĀ 2Ā termsĀ ofĀ anĀ arithmeticĀ sequence,Ā findĀ anotherĀ  term.Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 4Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā andĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā š‘Ž 32Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā findĀ š‘Ž Ā  Ā  Ā  EquationĀ toĀ beĀ used:Ā Ā š‘Ž š‘Ž š‘› 1 āˆ— š‘‘Ā  Ā  Ā  UseĀ theĀ systemĀ ofĀ equationsĀ (substitutionĀ method)Ā toĀ solveĀ  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž š‘Ž 1š‘‘Ā  š‘Ž š‘Ž 5š‘‘Ā  Ā  Ā  4 š‘Ž š‘‘Ā  32 š‘Ž 5š‘‘Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 4 š‘‘Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  32 4 š‘‘ 5š‘‘Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  32 4 4š‘‘Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  28 4š‘‘Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘‘ 7Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 4 š‘‘Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 4 7Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 3Ā  Ā  Ā  NowĀ weĀ knowĀ theĀ twoĀ piecesĀ ofĀ informationĀ (š‘Ž Ā andĀ š‘‘)Ā  necessaryĀ toĀ solveĀ forĀ š‘Ž .Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 3 20 1 āˆ— 7Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 3 19 āˆ— 7 Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 3 133Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 130Ā  š‘Ž š‘Ž š‘Ž ā‹Æ š‘ŽĀ  ArithmeticĀ SeriesĀ  Ā  TheĀ sumĀ ofĀ anĀ arithmeticĀ sequenceĀ isĀ knownĀ asĀ anĀ arithmeticĀ  series.Ā Ā Ā 1+2+3+4+...+97+98+99+100Ā  Ā  Remember,Ā anĀ arithmeticĀ sequenceĀ isĀ infinite,Ā thereforeĀ onlyĀ aĀ  partialĀ sumĀ ofĀ anĀ arithmeticĀ sequenceĀ (finiteĀ series)Ā canĀ beĀ  computed.Ā  Ā  IfĀ  š‘Ž Ā isĀ anĀ arithmeticĀ sequence,Ā andĀ š‘˜Ā isĀ countingĀ number,Ā  then:Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž š‘Ž Ā Ā orĀ š‘˜ Ā  Ā  Ex7Ā  a.Ā  FindĀ theĀ indicatedĀ sumĀ ofĀ theĀ arithmeticĀ sequenceĀ  Ā  Ā  Ā Ā ifĀ š‘Ž 4Ā andĀ š‘‘ Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  4 š‘Ž Ā  š‘Ž 4 10 1 āˆ— Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 4 9 āˆ— Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž 4 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  š‘Ž Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  5 4 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  5 Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā  Ā 
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