Surgical Techniques and Sterile Procedures, Exams of Nursing

Download Surgical Techniques and Sterile Procedures and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! 1 AST Certification Practice Exam Questions and Answers 2024 Which cranial nerve is affected by trigeminal neuralgia? a. I b. V c. VI d. VII -Answer- b. V What is used to lubricate the donor site and reduce friction from the dermatome? a. Bacitracin ointment b. Iodophor solution c. Petrolatum gel d. Mineral oil -Answer- d. Mineral oil Which of the following is an example of proper sterile technique when performing the prep for a split-thickness skin graft? a. Donor site first b. Recipient site c. Donor site only d. Recipient site only -Answer- a. Donor site first What is the recommended range of intra-abdominal pressure in an adult patient when using an insuffaltor during a laparoscopic procedure? a. 8-11 mm Hg b. 12-15 mm Hg c. 16-19 mm Hg d. 20-23 mm Hg -Answer- b. 12-15 mm Hg Which of these terms refers to the inability to direct both eyes at the same object? a. Strabismus b. Chalazion c. Glaucoma d. Cataract -Answer- a. Strabismus What procedure is peformed to correct chronic cerebral ischemia? a. Rhizotomy b. Cranioplasty c. Arteriography d. Endarterectomy -Answer- d. Endarterectomy According to the Rule of Nines, what percentage is assigned to the front and back of the trunk? a. 27% 2 b. 18% c. 4 1/2% d. 1% -Answer- b. 18% Which term refers to an abnormal increase in the number of cells? a. Atrophy b. Dysplasia c. Hyperplasia d. Hypertrophy -Answer- c. Hyperplasia A second intention wound heals by: a. Granulation b. Evisceration c. Primary union d. Delayed suturing -Answer- a. Granulation Intraoperative ventricular arrhythmias are treated with: a. Lidocaine b. Digitoxin c. Prostigmin d. Furosemide -Answer- a. Lidocaine How many milimeters equal two (2) ounces? a. 40 b. 50 c. 60 d. 70 -Answer- c. 60 Covering a sterile back table for later use is: a. Permissible for up to one hour before the procedure b. Permissible in instances of an emergency c. Not permissible for up to 2 hours before the procedure d. Not permissible under any circumstances -Answer- d. Not permissible under any circumstances In which position would a patient be placed to counteract hypovolemia? a. Left lateral b. Right lateral c. Trendelenburg d. Reverse Trendelenburg -Answer- c. Trendelenburg Which of the following types of suture create the least tissue trauma and drag? a. Swaged multifilament b. Swaged monofilament c. Threaded multifilament d. Threaded monofilament -Answer- b. Swaged monofilament 5 d. Uterus -Answer- b. Calculi Where should the surgical technologist begin when performing closing counts? a. Backtable b. Mayo stand c. Off the field d. Operative field -Answer- d. Operative field Which of the following catheter tips is used in a patient with a urethral structure? a. Olive b. Coude c. Whistle d. Mushroom -Answer- b. Coude Which type of procedure would require a stent dressing? a. Neck b. Inguinal c. Extremity d. Abdominal -Answer- a. Neck Which of the following is used in order to ensure preservation of the facial nerve during a parotidectomy? a. Monopolar cautery b. Nerve stimulator c. Microscope d. Doppler -Answer- b. Nerve stimulator Which of the following hemostatic agents is contraindicated for use in the presence of infection? a. Topical thrombin b. Oxidized cellulose c. Absorbable gelatin d. Absorbable collagen -Answer- d. Absorbable collagen During closure of a nephrectomy in the lateral position, the OR table is straightened to facilitate: a. Proper circulation b. Wound hemostasis c. Adequate respirations d. Tissue approximation -Answer- d. Tissue approximation Which of the following must be tested prior to the use of a fiberoptic bronchoscope? a. Light source b. Laser fiber c. Nitrogen level d. Magnification lens -Answer- a. Light source 6 Excision of a constricted segment of the aorta with reanastomosis is performed to correct: a. Patent ductus arteriosus b. Coarctation of the aorta c. Aortic aneurysm d. Transposition of the great vessels -Answer- b. Coarctation of the aorta For which of the following diagnoses would a patient undergo endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography? a. Cholecystitis b. Choledocholithiasis c. Pancreatitis d. Pancreatolithiasis -Answer- b. Choledocholithiasis The high ligation of the gonadal veins of the testes performed to reduce venous plexus congestion is a/an: a. Spermatocelectomy b. Varicocelectomy c. Epididymectomy d. Vasovasostomy -Answer- b. Varicocelectomy Trauma to which two of the following cranial nerves would result in the loss of smell and vision? a. I and II b. I and III c. II and III d. II and IV -Answer- a. I and II Which of the following is performed for suspected ectopic pregnancy? a. Culdocentesis b. Colposcopy c. Culdotomy d. Colporrhaphy -Answer- a. Culdocentesis Which of the following is a procedure for treatment of glaucoma? a. Vitrectomy b. Iridectomy c. Enucleation d. Keratoplasty -Answer- b. Iridectomy What procedure is performed to immobilize the jaw following a mandibular fracture? a. Arch bar application b. TMJ osteotomy c. LeFort I d. LeFort II -Answer- a. Arch bar application 7 Which of the following total arthroplasty procedures would require the postoperative use of an abduction splint? a. Hip b. Knee c. Ankle d. Shoulder -Answer- a. Hip Untreated acute otitis media may result in: a. Tonsillitis b. Mastoiditis c. Adenoiditis d. Ethmoiditis -Answer- b. Mastoiditis Which of the following is used intraoperatively to assess vascular potency? a. Positron emission tomography b. Magnetic resonance imaging c. Computed tomography d. Doppler ultrasound -Answer- d. Doppler ultrasound b. Tonsillectomy -Answer- The instrument shown below would be used during a: a. Parotidectomy b. Tonsillectomy c. Rhytidectomy d. Stapedectomy Which of the following is the body's primary source of energy? a. Carbohydrates b. Vitamins c. Proteins d. Fats -Answer- a. Carbohydrates What is compressed during rapid-sequence induction and intubation? a. Hyoid b. Manubrium c. Thyroid gland d. Cricoid cartilage -Answer- d. Cricoid cartilage What term refers to the spread of cancerous cells to other parts of the body? a. In-situ b. In-vivo c. Metastasis d. Encapsulation -Answer- c. Metastasis The shared passageway for food and air is the: a. Trachea 10 b. Transport to OR and inform surgeon of discrepancy c. Inform unit clerk of discrepancy and return to OR d. Do not transport, inform unit supervisor and OR personnel -Answer- d. Do not transport, inform unit supervisor and OR personnel A patient may be asked to shower at home with an antimicrobial soap before coming to the hospital for surgery to: a. Achieve a cumulative antimicrobial effect b. Determine if the patient is allergic to the soap c. Reduce the amount of time for the pre-op prep d. Leave a visible film so the prep borders will show -Answer- a. Achieve a cumulative antimicrobial effect What are the sequential steps performed prior to entrance into the sterile field? a. Gown, glove, scrub b. Glove, scrub, gown c. Scrub, glove, gown d. Scrub, gown, glove -Answer- d. Scrub, gown, glove Which area is prepped last when performing the skin prep for a Bartholin's cystectomy? a. Anus b. Mons pubis c. Vagina d. Perineum -Answer- a. Anus The sterile surgical technologist should drape a table from: a. Side to side b. Back to front c. Front to back d. Open drape, lay it down -Answer- c. Front to back Which of the following can be injured if the arm is placed on the arm board greater than 90 degrees? a. Brachial plexus b. Cervical plexus c. Rotator cuff d. Acromioclavicular joint -Answer- a. Brachial plexus What is the purpose of the third lumen in a three-way indwelling Foley catheter? a. Obtain urine specimen b. Instill irrigation fluids c. Provide hemostasis d. Prevent urine reflux -Answer- b. Instill irrigation fluids Which of the following enlarges and illuminates the surgical field during cataract procedures? 11 a. Fluorescent overhead lights b. Fiberoptic headlamps c. Operating microscope d. Surgical loupes -Answer- c. Operating microscope Small radiopaque surgical patties used during cranial procedures are: a. Raytecs b. Kittners c. Pledgets d. Cottonoids -Answer- d. Cottonoids Which of the following hemostatic agents must be applied dry and only handled with dry gloves and instruments? a. Oxycel b. Avitene c. Gelfoam d. Thrombin -Answer- b. Avitene Which surgical specialty would utilize a phacoemulsification machine? a. Neurosurgery b. Maxillofacial c. Ophthalmology d. Otorhinolaryngology -Answer- c. Ophthalmology Which of the following lasers would be contraindicated for use in the posterior chamber of the eye? a. Argon b. Excimer c. Ho:YAG d. Carbon dioxide -Answer- d. Carbon dioxide In which structure of the heart are the leads for a permanent pacemaker placed? a. Right ventricle b. Left ventricle c. Septum d. Aorta -Answer- a. Right ventricle For which of the following diagnoses would a patient require pancreaticojejunostomy? a. Gastroschisis b. Morbid obesity c. Neonatal jaundice d. Alcoholic pancreatitis -Answer- d. Alcoholic pancreatitis In which procedure would a Bookwalter retractor be used? a. Cystectomy b. Nephrectomy 12 c. Retropubic prostatectomy d. Transurethral prostatectomy -Answer- c. Retropubic prostatectomy Which cranial nerve is severed as a last resort treatment of Meniere's disease? a. VII b. VIII c. IX d. X -Answer- b. VIII Brachytherapy is performed to treat: a. Uterine prolapse b. Endometriosis c. Cervical cancer d. Menorrhagia -Answer- c. Cervical cancer Which procedure is performed to improve the vision of patients with myopia? a. Radial keratotomy b. Scleral buckling c. Keratoplasty d. Vitrectomy -Answer- a. Radial keratotomy The facial fracture that involves the complete separation of the maxilla from the cranial base is a/an: a. Orbital floor b. Zygomatic c. LeFort I d. Frontal sinus -Answer- c. LeFort I b. Bennett -Answer- What is the name of this retractor? a. Charnley b. Bennett c. Harrington d. Richardson Where is the incision for a Caldwell-Luc procedure made? a. Canine fossa b. Frontal sinus c. Eyebrow d. Tear duct -Answer- a. Canine fossa The device used for real-time intraoperative assessment of blood flow is a/an: a. Caliper b. Doppler c. Pacemaker d. Manometer -Answer- b. Doppler 15 How many minutes are unwrapped instruments with no lumens sterilized at 270 degrees F? a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d. 12 -Answer- a. 3 What is the recommended method of hair removal from an operative site? a. Wet shave with disposable razor b. Cream depilatory two days pre-op c. Clippers with disposable heads d. Dry shave with straight razor and tape -Answer- c. Clippers with disposable heads Which of the following must be in the chart prior to the patient being taken to the OR per The Joint Commission? a. Incident report b. Advance directive c. Insurance authorization d. History and physical -Answer- d. History and physical An identification bracelet is placed on a surgical patient upon admission to the: a. Facility b. Nursing unit c. Pre-op care unit d. Surgery department -Answer- a. Facility To maintain control of the stretcher, the patient should be transported to the OR: a. According to surgeon's orders b. Based on patient's request c. Head first d. Feet first -Answer- d. Feet first At what point is it appropriate to lower the leg when draping for a knee arthroscopy? a. After the tourniquet has been inflated b. Before the tourniquet has been deflated c. After the prep is completed d. Before exsanguination -Answer- a. After the tourniquet has been inflated Which structure regulates the amount of light entering the eye? a. Pupil b. Iris c. Retina d. Cornea -Answer- b. Iris A capillary network of blood vessels within the renal cortex that functions as a filter is called the: 16 a. Loop of Henie b. Renal papillae c. Glomerulus d. Nephron -Answer- c. Glomerulus The kidneys are located in the: a. Pelvic cavity b. Thoracic cavity c. Space of Retzius d. Retroperitoneal space -Answer- d. Retroperitoneal space The most abundant extracellular ion necessary for the transmission of impulses is: a. Sodium b. Calcium c. Chloride d. Potassium -Answer- a. Sodium The set of teeth that erupt at about 6 months of age and are later replaced are the: a. Secondary dentition b. Deciduous teeth c. Third molars d. Bicuspids -Answer- b. Deciduous teeth What is a frequently used IV barbiturate for general anesthesia induction? a. Propofol b. Ketamine c. Thiopental d. Lorazepam -Answer- c. Thiopental Which of the following arteries does not arise directly from the aorta? a. Celiac b. Vertebral c. Superior mesenteric d. Left common carotid -Answer- b. Vertebral How long must an item be immersed in glutaraldehyde to be sterile? a. 10 minutes b. 90 minutes c. 6 hours d. 10 hours -Answer- d. 10 hours Which chemical substance causes the immune system to form antibodies? a. Antigens b. Interferons c. Complements d. Immunoglobins -Answer- a. Antigens 17 What is a surgical procedure for the treatment of acute otitis media? a. Myringotomy b. Stapedectomy c. Mastoidectomy d. Tympanoplasty -Answer- a. Myringotomy How is the patient positioned on the OR table for a knee arthroscopy? a. Trendelenburg, knee over center break b. Lateral, hip over lower break c. Supine, knee at lower break d. Low lithotomy, body centered -Answer- c. Supine, knee at lower break Which of the following instrument sets will be needed when a frontal sinus fracture repair is performed? a. Plastic b. Craniotomy c. Ophthalmic d. Vascular -Answer- b. Craniotomy Which of the following procedures is performed for cervical incompetence? a. Culdocentesis b. Colporrhaphy c. Wertheim d. Shirodkar -Answer- d. Shirodkar What surgical instrument is used to visualize the prostate and remove tissue during a TURP? a. Otis urethrotome b. Van Buren sounds c. Resectoscope d. Ureteroscope -Answer- c. Resectoscope Which of the following facilitates exposure for thyroidectomy? a. Interscapular pillow b. Lateral rotation c. Mayfield headholder d. Reverse Trendelenburg -Answer- a. Interscapular pillow Which of the following needles would be used for a liver biopsy? a. Stamey b. Verres c. Tru-Cut d. Interstitial -Answer- c. Tru-Cut Why is cardioplegia used? 20 b. 14 Fr. Robinson c. 10 Fr. Pezzer d. 8 Fr. Malecot -Answer- b. 14 Fr. Robinson In the OR, HEPA is a type of: a. Air filter b. Laminar flow c. Suction device d. Gas outlet -Answer- a. Air filter What precaution is utilized to prevent cardiovascular complications when positioning an anesthetized patient? a. Maintain neutral alignment b. Pad bony prominences c. Move patient slowly d. Uncross legs or ankles -Answer- c. Move patient slowly Why is the orientation of the vein graft reversed during a CABG? a. Thickness of tunica intima b. Prevent atherosclerosis c. Reduce vascular flow d. Presence of valves -Answer- d. Presence of valves Which of the following neurosurgical retractors is handheld? a. Greenburg b. Cushing c. Leyla d. Beckman -Answer- b. Cushing Which of the following incisions may be used for the repair of a zygomatic fracture? a. Below lower eyelid b. Coronal c. Angle of the mandible d. Preauricular -Answer- a. Below lower eyelid The principal male hormone produced in the testes is: a. Inhibin b. Prolactin c. Aldosterone d. Testosterone -Answer- d. Testosterone All of the following statements are true for paper-plastic peel packs, except: a. Felt-tip markers should only be used on the plastic side of pack b. Latex tubing should not be used to protect tip of instruments c. Staples are an acceptable method of closing peel packs 21 d. Inner pack of a double peel-packed item should not be sealed -Answer- c. Staples are an acceptable method of closing peel packs Following a TURP, a patient may have which of the following placed for bladder irrigation and compression? a. T-tube b. 3-way Foley c. Robinson d. Jackson-Pratt -Answer- b. 3-way Foley Which of the following is a correct statement when using the closed-gloving technique? a. Circulator assists with gloving b. Hand must not extend beyond cuffs c. Fingers of glove are pointed away from elbow d. Glove is positioned palm up to facilitate pulling on -Answer- b. Hand must not extend beyond cuffs What drainage device is preferred for a radical neck dissection? a. T-tube b. Penrose c. Malecot d. Jackson-Pratt -Answer- d. Jackson-Pratt Which arteries are formed by the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta? a. Femoral b. Renal c. Mesenteric d. Iliac -Answer- d. Iliac The basic unit of the nervous system is the: a. Neuron b. Glial cell c. Neurilemma d. Schwann cell -Answer- a. Neuron The correct sterilization times required to render specific items sterile are initially established by the: a. Healthcare facility policies b. Equipment manufacturer c. Surgeon's preference d. CDC -Answer- b. Equipment manufacturer What procedure involves a series of treatments that result in permanent placement of prosthetic teeth? a. LeFort II b. Odontectomy 22 c. Orthognathic d. Dental implants -Answer- d. Dental implants In addition to temperature, time and moisture, what other factor determines the outcome of the steam sterilization process? a. Weight b. Aeration c. Pressure d. Concentration -Answer- c. Pressure The inner lining of the uterus is the: a. Perineum b. Peritoneum c. Myometrium d. Endometrium -Answer- d. Endometrium Which of the following sterilization processes is most economical? a. Gas b. Steam c. Liquid chemical d. Ionizing radiation -Answer- b. Steam The basic, living structural and functional unit of the body is known as the: a. Organism b. Tissue c. Organ d. Cell -Answer- d. Cell The roof of the mouth is formed by the: a. Filiform papillae b. Palatoglossal arch c. Hard and soft palates d. Circumvallate papillae -Answer- c. Hard and soft palates In what position would a patient be placed following a tonsillectomy? a. Sitting b. Lateral c. Trendelenburg d. Reverse Trendelenburg -Answer- b. Lateral What classification of drug reduces tissue inflammation? a. Steroids b. Antibiotics c. Antiemetics d. Sulfonamides -Answer- a. Steroids 25 Which of the following is a non-electrolytic and isotonic solution used during a TURP? a. Saline b. Distilled water c. Glycine d. Ringer's lactate -Answer- c. Glycine The structure that allows the eardrum to vibrate freely and connects the middle ear and the oropharynx is the: a. External auditory canal b. Eustachian tube c. Semicircular canal d. Internal auditory meatus -Answer- b. Eustachian tube Which of the following procedures may require use of a manometer to check CSF pressure? a. Transphenoidal hypophysectomy b. Intracranial aneurysm clipping c. Posterior fossa decompression d. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt 26 AST Certification Practice Exam Questions and Answers 2024