Surgical Techniques and Procedures: A Comprehensive Guide, Exams of Nursing

Download Surgical Techniques and Procedures: A Comprehensive Guide and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! Which of the following is considered the MOST important skill for a surgical technologist? A.management of specimens B.management of sponges C.maintaining an orderly setup D.ensuring adequate lighting - Answer A. Correctly managing specimens removed from patients during surgery is the most important skill surgical technologists. The surgical incision that allows for the BEST visualization for a Billroth I procedure is A. McBurney's. B. Pfannenstiel. C. midline. D. subcostal. - Answer C. The midline incision runs along the linea alba and is used in most abdominal procedures, as it provides visualization to most of the abdominal contents. During the postoperative phase, the personnel primarily responsible for transporting soiled instrumentation to decontamination is the A. housekeeping staff. B. anesthesia technician. C. surgical technologist. D. central processing technician. - Answer C. The surgical technologist is responsible for transporting instrumentation to the decontamination room. The central processing tech will then retrieve the instrumentation and continue the cleaning process. CSF is formed in the lateral ventricles of a patient and may not properly flow into the third ventricle through the foramen of A. Magendie into the fourth ventricle. B. Monro into the fourth ventricle. C. Sylvius into the fourth ventricle. D. Luschka into the fourth ventricle. - Answer C. The foramen of Sylvius drains CSF from the third to the fourth and is also referred to as the cerebral aqueduct. During an excisional biopsy of sentinel nodes, the surgical technologist should prepare specimens using which of the following methods? A. Place on a Raytec to be handed off to the circulator. B. Separate on Telfa and pass to the circulator. C. Place in separate containers and identify. D. Place in specimen container held by the circulator using a hemostat. - Answer C. The surgical technologist must place each node in a separate sterile container and ensure that they are identified appropriately. AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! A thyroidectomy that was done earlier in the day is being brought back for excessive bleeding from the incision. Which of the following items are needed for this case? A. Monocryl suture and harmonic scalpel B. laps, silk ties, and hemoclips C. Vicryl ties, pledgets, and Alexis D. nylon suture, Raytec, and Geralds - Answer B. Laps, silk ties, and hemoclips are all used for acute hemostasis. A surgical technologist received the following medications onto the sterile field: 0.9% sodium chloride, bacitracin 1 gm, and 0.25% Marcaine with epinephrine. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate way to label these medications? A. saline + bacitracin and .25 Marcaine + epinephrine B. NACL + 1 gm baci and 0.25 marc w/epi C. saline + baci and 0. 25% marc with epi D. 0.9% saline + 1 gm bacitracin and 0.25% Marcaine with epinephrine - Answer D. Labels should have at least: name of medication, strength of medication and concentration of drug. Also, abbreviations must not be used according to the Joint Commission ruling on "do not use" abbreviations. If there is any question related to handling a specific type of specimen, which of the following departments should be consulted? A. histology B. laboratory C. pathology D. radiology - Answer C. The pathology department receives all tissue samples and other specimens from surgery. The required number of air exchanges per hour in an OR is A. 5 to 10. B. 15 to 25. C. 30 to 35. D. 40 to 50. - Answer B. About 15 to 25 air exchanges are needed to minimize bacterial growth. A special-made instrument without a backup falls to the floor during a procedure. Which of the following is the BEST reason to hesitate performing immediate-use sterilization? A. The sterilizer is used for implantable devices, but not instruments. B. The manufacturer's standards for sterilizing the instrument are unknown. C. The staff feels uncomfortable transporting the unwrapped instrument to the OR after sterilization. D. There are no wrappers or pouches available for sterilizing the instrument. - Answer B. The manufacture standards for sterilization are not the same for every instrument. Therefore, knowing the guidelines is required for immediate-use sterilization. AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! Which of the following supplies should the surgical technologist have available for placement of a long arm cast? A. Xeroform B. Webril C. Telfa D. Kerlix - Answer B. Webril is a cast padding material that is applied prior to a limb in order to protect the skin. How much 0.25% bupivacaine should be mixed with 1 mL of 1.0% lidocaine to make the solution equal strengths of both medications? A. 2.0 mL B. 4.0 mL C. 5.0 mL D. 10.0 mL - Answer B. The correct calculation is 4 mL of bupivacaine to every 1 mL of lidocaine. This will make the solution equal strengths of both medications. Calculation: (0.25% = 0.0025); 0.0025 * 4 = 1% The appendiceal stump, when inverted, is held in place by which of the following types of sutures? A. mattress B. traction C. interrupted D. purse-string - Answer D. A purse-string stitch allows the stump to become and remain inverted. A surgeon asks for warm irrigation after a right hemicolectomy. Which of the following BEST describes the reason for irrigating at this point in the procedure? A. to clean out the area of any loose tissue B. to maintain the core body temperature C. to eliminate any infection-causing microbes D. to aid visual inspection for leakage - Answer D. A watertight seal of all anastomoses is essential to prevent peritonitis. Irrigation aids in visually inspecting the seal. Which of the following devices should the surgical technologist have delivered to the sterile field for a low anterior resection? A. GIA linear stapler B. ligating dividing stapler C. intraluminal stapler D. TA-60 stapler - Answer C. An intraluminal stapler is used to anastomose tubular structures within the gastrointestinal tract. The stapler fires a double row of staples and then trims the lumen with a knife located within the head of the stapler. These staplers are commonly used during resection and reanastomosis of the distal colon or rectum. They can be inserted into the rectum and advanced. AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! Which of the following is reshaped during a total hip arthroplasty? A. fibula B. acetabulum C. iliac crest D. tibia - Answer B. The acetabulum is deepened during a total hip arthroplasty. An organization that regulates the production of biological sterilization test packs in- house is A. CDC. B. ANSI. C. AAMI. D. SDS. - Answer C. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) controls regulation of sterile processing. Rod-shaped bacteria are called A. bacilli. B. cocci. C. vibrio. D. spirals. - Answer A. Rod-shaped bacteria are called bacilli. They can be slightly curved or straight. Bacillus is Latin for "stick." A type of passive transport when salt crystals dissolve in water is known as A. phagocytosis. B. endocytosis. C. osmosis. D. diffusion. - Answer D. Diffusion is simple movement of particles within a solution. When the salt is added to water, the molecules simply disperse within the solution. Utilization of lasers in the operating room requires the use of A. a HEPA filter mask. B. a lead apron. C. double gloves. D. eye protection. - Answer D. The eye is the organ most susceptible to laser injury. A specific type of safety glasses is required for each type of laser unless amber lenses are worn. During application of a Volar splint, the surgical technologist notices that the splint was not completely dried and has caused a pressure point on the patient. Which of the following should be the surgical technologist's NEXT step? A. Allow the splint to remain as-is and allow more time to dry. B. Notify the nurse and let the nurse handle it. C. Bring it to the surgeon's attention and assist in putting on a new splint. AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! D. Apply a new splint and notify the surgeon when finished. - Answer C. The surgeon is responsible for the splint that he just custom-made for the patient. Pressure points can cause blistering and pain and sometimes impede wound healing if ignored. Sponges that have been added to the sterile field after a procedure has begun should be counted by the A. circulator and surgeon. B. surgical technologist and surgical first assistant. C. surgeon and surgical first assistant. D. surgical technologist and the circulator. - Answer D. Both the surgical technologist in the scrub role and the circulator must participate in the count according to typical hospital policy. Which of the following spore-forming microorganisms are used as biological monitors for checking steam sterilization effectiveness for a load of instruments in a rigid container? A. Bacillus stearothermophilus B. Bacillus atrophaeus C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis D. Streptococcus pyogenes - Answer A. Bacillus stearothermophilus, a highly heat- resistant, spore-forming microorganism that does not produce toxins and is non- pathogenic, is used as the biological monitor for steam sterilization. After surgery, the scrub tech takes the instruments used in surgery to the decontamination area. How soon should these instruments be washed? A. within 20 minutes B. within 10 minutes C. as soon as they arrive to the decontamination area D. any time the technologist is available - Answer A. Ideally, instruments should be washed within 20 minutes to prevent blood, tissue, and biofilm from drying on the surfaces, as it can be difficult to remove and can impede sterilization. Which of the following types of laser is typically used for stone fragmentation in the ureter? A. argon B. krypton C. carbon dioxide D. holmium: YAG - Answer D. Holmium: YAG is used to fragment stones in the ureter. If a patient is undergoing a mastectomy immediately followed by reconstruction, how many surgical setups should be obtained? A. One; the reconstruction will immediately follow the mastectomy, so the same instruments can be used without additional interventions. AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! A cystectomy with ileal conduit procedure was performed. The surgical technologist anticipates the need for a stoma A. pouch to collect body fluids. B. flange to create an artificial orifice. C. pouch to heal the wound. D. collar to provide suction for drainage. - Answer A. A stoma pouch is used to provide a leak-proof system to collect body fluids while maintaining a healthy wound around the stoma opening. IUSS sterilizers are typically located in an area A. that is designated as a restricted sub-sterile room. B. in the semi-restricted corridor with other equipment. C. outside of the OR department. D. inside a designated OR. - Answer A. IUSS sterilizers are usually located in the restricted sub-sterile room just outside the OR where surgery is performed. Which of the following surgical needles is MOST appropriate for use in a liver resection? A. cutting B. taper C. blunt D. trocar - Answer C. A blunt needle does not puncture the tissue, and it is the least traumatic needle for organs such as the liver. To help in the calculation of the amount of blood loss, the surgical technologist should A. weigh the blood-soaked sponges. B. measure the amount of collected fluid. C. administer the blood replacement. D. report the amount of irrigation used. - Answer D. The surgical technologist in the scrub role should monitor the amount of irrigation used and subtract that amount from the total amount in the canister to estimate the blood loss. During dilation and curettage, after the Auvard weighted vaginal speculum is placed, which of the following instruments is used to grasp the cervix? A. Hegar dilator B. uterine sound C. Sim's curette D. single tooth tenaculum - Answer D. A single tooth tenaculum is used to grasp and steady the cervix in a dilation and curettage. Which of the following is the MOST accurate method to check steam autoclave effectiveness? AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! A. chemical indicator B. biological indicator C. external tape D. temperature recording device - Answer B. A biological indicator with a spore is the most accurate method to check a steam autoclave for effectiveness. Following a surgical procedure, which of the following is the BEST sequence of actions for a surgical technologist to take? A. Remove sterile drapes, remove gown and gloves, and don a pair of unsterile gloves to aid in the care of the patient. B. Remove gown and gloves, don a pair of unsterile gloves to remove drapes from the patient, and remove instruments and supplies from the back table. C. Remove gown and gloves, don a pair of sterile gloves to remove drapes from the patient, then replace those gloves with a pair of unsterile gloves to clean the back table. D. Remove sterile drapes, remove gown and gloves, and don a pair of sterile gloves to clean the back table. - Answer A. PPE (personal protective equipment) will protect surgical personnel from coming in contact with body fluids on the drapes. After the drapes are removed, the surgical technologist can safely remove the gown and gloves to aid in the care of the postoperative patient. Which of the following will place a staff member at risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders? A. working in the same posture for prolonged periods B. making small adjustments to a chair or backrest C. using four team members to transfer a patient laterally D. frequent position changes while standing at the sterile field - Answer A. Attention to proper ergonomics is key to decreasing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Risks included: repeated motions, staying in the same posture for prolonged periods of time, incorrect posture, and lifting heavy patients without mechanical devices. While setting up for a surgical procedure, a surgical technologist discovers a puncture in the right surgical glove. If no one is available to assist, the BEST solution for the surgical technologist is to A. request the circulator to reglove the contaminated hand. B. ask the circulator for a new set of gloves to perform a closed-gloved technique. C. ask the circulator for a new gown and gloves to regown and reglove. D. request another set of gloves to place over the punctured glove. - Answer C. If assistance is not available, both gown and glove are to be changed. During the application of arch bars, the surgeon will MOST likely use which of the following between the teeth and around the bar? A. 0-1 Dexon B. 5-0 to 6-0 Vicryl C. 24- or 26-gauge stainless steel wire AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! D. 35- or 40-gauge stainless steel wire - Answer C. 24- to 26-gauge stainless steel wire is the range customarily used. Which of the following is necessary for ethylene oxide sterilization to occur? A. indirect contact B. gravity displacement C. humidity D. steam - Answer C. Spores must be hydrated to facilitate passage of the ethylene oxide into the organism. Which of the following is the correct skin preparation for a female patient undergoing a right mastectomy with possible axillary dissection? A. shoulder, upper arm and extending down to the elbow, axilla, chest to the table line, and to the left shoulder B. base of the neck, shoulder, scapula, chest to midline, and circumference of upper arm down to the elbow C. entire arm, shoulder, axilla, including the hand D. chin to umbilicus and laterally to the table line - Answer A. For procedures in the area of the chest and breast, the areas to be prepped include the shoulder, the upper arm extending down to the elbow, the axilla, and the chest to the table line to the shoulder opposite from the affected side. Which of the following is done FIRST when performing a myringotomy? A. inserting a drainage tube B. incising the tympanic membrane C. suctioning fluid from the middle ear D. removing cerumen from the ear canal - Answer D. Removal of cerumen is done after the ear speculum is inserted for visualization of the tympanic membrane. During a laminectomy, disk material is removed with a A. Cobb elevator. B. Kerrison rongeur. C. pituitary rongeur. D. periosteal elevator. - Answer C. A pituitary rongeur is used to remove herniated disk fragments. When positioning a patient for lithotomy, care should be taken to avoid injury of the peroneal nerve, which can cause injury to the A. hip. B. ankle. C. foot. D. elbow. - Answer A. The peroneal nerve is located in the hip. Which of the following is the name of the MOST common BI used for ethylene oxide sterilization? AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! Which of the following important considerations should be taken by the surgical technologist when it comes to the suture material for third intention closure? A. A low-capillary action suture will not retain moisture. B. Choosing the proper tensile strength of the suture can aid in healing. C. The handling of suture is more important than the suture material. D. The size of the suture is more important than the suture material. - Answer A. If a wound is to be sutured, a low-capillary action suture is advised for utilization. The parathyroid gland regulates A. insulin. B. calcium. C. sodium. D. aldosterone. - Answer B. The parathyroid releases parathyroid hormone, which acts to increase calcium levels in the blood. A pad-like sac or cavity that prevents friction within a joint is known as a A. bursa. B. fossa. C. ganglion. D. ligament. - Answer A. The bursa is a pad-like sac or cavity found in connective tissues, usually in the vicinity of joints. Which of the following staplers should be used for low anterior intestinal resection? A. EEA B. skin C. LDS D. purse string - Answer A. The circular or end-to-end (EEA) stapler is used for end- to-end intestinal resection (cutting and rejoining). It joins two arms of intestine with a double row of staples. Which of the following is the name of the avascular strip of tissue at the midline which runs from the xiphoid process to the pubis? A. linea semilunaris B. linea alba C. arcuate line D. midaxillary line - Answer B. The linea alba stretches from xiphoid process to pubis and is the joining of rectus muscles at the midline A wound that has regrowth of damaged blood vessels and synthesizes scar tissue is in which of the following wound healing phases? A. inflammatory B. migratory C. proliferative AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! D. maturation - Answer B. A clot becomes a scab and epithelial cells migrate during the Migratory phase. Damaged blood vessels begin to regrow. When cleaning instruments, the PH of the water that should be used is A. 5.0. B. 6.0. C. 7.0. D. 8.0. - Answer C. 7.0 is a neutral PH level, and will not damage instruments. Which of the following is a heavy, curved, tapered needle? A. Mayo B. Keith C. Ferguson D. Arterial - Answer A. The Mayo is a heavy, curved, tapered needle used for general closure. Once a procedure has concluded, the proper order to remove personal protective equipment is A. gown, gloves, and then mask. B. gloves, gown, and then hat. C. gloves, gown, and then mask. D. gown, gloves, and then hat. - Answer A. Removing personal protective equipment in this order prevents contact with the bacteria on the outer side of the soiled gown and gloves. Which of the following is the name of the incision made in a simple open nephrectomy? A. Gibson B. low transverse C. subcostal flank D. McBurney's - Answer C. A subcostal flank incision is made in a simple open nephrectomy. An excised lipoma was filled with non-purulent serosanguineous fluid. Which of the following should be documented as the wound classification for this procedure? A. clean wound B. dirty-infected C. clean-contaminated D. contaminated - Answer D. A contaminated wound has the characteristics of an open or fresh wound with the presence of acute, non-purulent inflammation. Which of the following medications is the anesthesia provider responsible for recording the name, amount, and delivery method during a surgical procedure? A. thrombin AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! B. topically applied epinephrine C. polymyxin B sulfate irrigation D. propofol - Answer D. Propofol is an induction agent used by the anesthesia team. It would be the responsibility of the anesthesia team. Which of the following can prevent thrombophlebitis in a patient who is considered bariatric? A a Bair hugger B. sequential compression device C. another OR table to accommodate the patient D. extra positioning aids - Answer B. A sequential compression device returns blood to a patient's body. Which of the following staplers is used to divide blood vessels? A. EEA B. LDS C. GIA D. TA-60 - Answer B. . Ligating-dividing stapler (LDS) ligates and divides blood vessels. Which of the following cranial nerves' nuclei are associated with the medulla? A. trigeminal B. abducens C. facial D. vagus - Answer D. The medulla contains nuclei associated with vestibulocochlear nerves (VIII), glossopharyngeal nerves (IX), vagus nerves (X), accessory nerves (XI), and hypoglossal nerves (XII). Mannitol (Osmitrol) is used in neurosurgical procedures to A. prevent bleeding. B. decrease intracranial pressure. C. anesthetize the operative site. D. fight possible postoperative infection. - Answer B. Mannitol is used within the operating room to decrease intracranial pressure. It is a medication given by the anesthesia provider. Once a surgical technologist dons a gown, the cuffs on the gown are considered unsterile because they are A. covered by the inside of the sterile glove. B. twice as thick as the sleeve. C. absorbant and collect moisture. D. stretchable and pliable. - Answer C. The cuff of the gown is absorbant and collects moisture due to its permeability, which makes the cuff unsterile. AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! A. take the sponge forceps and place them on the back table. B. request that the sponge forceps be placed inside the case cart. C. rake the sponge forceps and place them in the case cart. D. request that the sponge forceps be placed onto the back table. - Answer B. The surgical technologist is required to remain sterile as well as the sterile field, with suction connected and working until the patient has left the OR. All contaminated instruments should be transported to the decontamination area this way. During a procedure, a surgical technologist touches an unsterile item with a sterile glove. The surgical technologist should A. change the glove at once. B. break scrub and rescrub. C. wait until closing to change the glove. D. ask the surgeon for a recommendation. - Answer A. Change the glove at once to prevent contamination. During an abdominoperineal resection, which of the following stapling devices should the surgical technologist have available to form an anal pouch from the ileum? A. TA B. GIA C. EEA D. LDS - Answer B. The gastrointestinal anastomosis (GIA) stapler is used to form an anal pouch from the ileum. In decontamination, the instruments are sticking and difficult to open. To aid in the process of washing instruments, the surgical technologist should have A. used a basin with sterile water on the field to soak and clean instruments intraoperatively. B. cleaned the instruments between uses with normal saline. C. used a basin with enzymatic cleaner on the field to soak and clean instruments intraoperatively. D. requested the circulator clean the instruments with glycine. - Answer A. A basin of sterile water is recommended to be used on the field to prevent instruments from sticking. While removing peel pack instruments from the sterilizer, a surgical technologist notices several of the packages have ruptured. The MOST likely cause is that the A. air was not evacuated from the pouch. B. temperature of the autoclave was too high. C. package was sterilized too long. D. instruments in the pouch were too heavy. - Answer A. Air should be evacuated from the pouch before it is sealed. Otherwise, the package may rupture during sterilization. AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! A surgical technologist is explaining the steps of the electrosurgical unit circuit to a student. The surgical technologist should explain that the electric current is channeled back to the generator through the A. power source. B. active electrode. C. patient. D. dispersive electrode. - Answer D. The electric current is channeled back to the generator via the dispersive (inactive) electrode or grounding pad. When wrapping individual instruments, what is the MOST important sterilization principle? A. having an indicator with the instrument B. using an absorbent towel with the instrument C. placing a plastic wrap over the instrument D. using any size wrapper with the instrument - Answer A. An indicator is important to validate that the contents were exposed to a specific temperature, humidity, and sterilant during the sterilization process. Preparing instrument sets and packages for sterilization requires a label indicating the A. sterilization date, sterilizer ID, load number, and preparer's initials. B. preparation date, preparer's initials, and department to which the package belongs. C. preparer's initials, manufacturer ID, and cycle number. D. department code, date of expiration, and sterilizer time parameters. - Answer A. The label must include date of sterilization, sterilizer ID, cycle or load number, employee initials who prepared and processed the package, and the department for where the item is directed Which of the following portions of the colon is used as an "end colostomy" following an abdominal perineal resection? A. cecum B. hepatic flexure C. sigmoid D. splenic flexure - Answer C. The sigmoid colon is used as an "end colostomy" following an abdominal perineal resection. A resectoscope is used in which of the following prostatic approaches? A. perineal B. suprapubic C. retropubic D. transurethral - Answer D. A resectoscope is used through the urethra (TURP). In which of the following situations can a DNR order be continued in an unconscious patient for a surgical procedure? AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! A. The patient's durable POA requests it be continued. B. The patient's family requests it be continued. C. The surgeon requests its be continued. D. The CRNA requests it be continued. - Answer A. Many hospitals have a policy to rescind the DNR during surgery. The patient's assigned Power of Attorney is legally permitted to make medical decisions when incapacitated. In local anesthesia, which of the following drugs provides the shortest duration of numbness? A. lidocaine B. ropivacaine C. bupivacaine D. mepivacaine - Answer A. The duration of lidocaine is 30-60 minutes After completion of a procedure, the dispersive electrode is removed and the skin is examined for A. burns. B. cleanliness. C. excess adhesive. D. bruises. - Answer A. The dispersive electrode, or ground pad, is removed after the procedure to check the patient for burns from the use of electrosurgical units. Retention sutures are typically advantageous when a patient is A. pediatric. B. athletic. C. thin. D. diabetic. - Answer D. Retention sutures are used to reduce strain on the suture line from impaired healing due to diabetes. Which of the following surrounds the kidney? A. synovial membrane B. Gerota's fascia C. Hesselbach's triangle D. suprapleural membrane - Answer B. Gerota's fascia is also known as renal fascia. It encloses the suprarenal glands and separates them from the kidney Heaney clamps are used MOST frequently for which of the following types of surgery? A. hysterectomy. B. lobectomy. C. cystectomy. D. gastrectomy. - Answer A. Heaney clamps are used to clamp the uterine ligaments during a hysterectomy. AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! A. standard B. intermediate-level C. high-level D. antiseptic - Answer C. High-level disinfection kills all bacterial, viruses, and fungi, and it can kill spores if all necessary conditions are met. Which of the following is true regarding Avitene? A. It must be reconstituted with saline before use. B. It is a form of mechanical hemostatic used on bone. C. It is a gelatin sponge commonly soaked in thrombin. D. It is a collagen powder that must be kept dry. - Answer D. Avitene comes in a dry powder form and must be kept dry until it contacts the patient. During general anesthesia, which of the following complications of vomiting is considered the MOST dangerous? A. dehiscence B. aspiration C. dehydration D. evisceration - Answer B. Aspiration of emesis may result in severe hypoxia, pneumonia, and respiratory obstruction, which could be life-threatening. Which of the following types of hernias require urgent surgical treatment? A. reducible B. strangulated C. incisional D. inguinal - Answer B. The blood supply of the trapped sac becomes compromised, and the sac contents eventually necrose. It is an emergency condition requiring surgery to release the tissue to prevent ischemia and necrosis. Which of the following is the receiving nerve end of all transmission? A. cell body B. dendrite C. axon D. trigger zone - Answer B. Dendrites contain numerous receptors which bind chemical messengers from other cells. Which of the following instruments must be readily available for a modified radical mastectomy? A. Stevens scissors B. Jorgenson scissors C. extra #11 blades D. extra #10 blades - Answer D. The skin is undercut in all directions to the limits of dissection by means of a #10 blade. Knife blades will need to be changed on a regular basis in order to ensure precise dissection. AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! During knee meniscectomy, the surgeon notices bright spots in the picture. Which of the following is the MOST likely problem? A. dirty lens B. camera has condensation C. loose wire D. faulty fiber optic cable - Answer D. When fiber optic cables are improperly stored they will cause bright spots in the picture. After manually removing bioburden from a Westcott scissor, the process to continue decontamination is called A. emulsification. B. cavitation. C. immersion. D. deionization. - Answer B. The ultrasonic cleaner uses cavitation which is a mechanical cleaning process. This is used for microscopic instrumentation. Which of the following terms best describes the formal medical process when death occurs in surgery and the surgeon and anesthesia care provider must verify that death has occurred? A. determination of death B. rigor mortis C. postmortem procedures D. livor mortis - Answer A. When death occurs in surgery, the surgeon and anesthesia care provider must verify that death has occurred. This is called determination of death. Death is determined by specific medical criteria, which have legal implications. While opening a back table, the surgical technologist notices a hair in the open sterile pack. The chemical indicators show that the pack has been properly sterilized. The surgical technologist should A. Ignore it since the hair has gone through the sterilization process. B. Continue setup and cover with a blue towel. C. Break down and obtain new equipment. D. Notify materials management. - Answer C. Sterile means free from living microorganism so of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, spores, viruses and any other living organisms. When inflating a 5-cc balloon on a Foley catheter, which of the following would be the MOST appropriate choice? A. 3-5 mL of sterile water B. 3-5 mL of normal saline C. 8-10 mL of sterile water AST Exam B Questions And Answers!! D. 8-10 mL of normal saline - Answer C. For a 5-cc Foley catheter balloon, 8-10 mL of sterile water would be needed to compensate for the water that remains in the catheter lumen between the syringe port and the balloon. The surgical technologist is alarmed by the slurred speech, smell of alcohol, and disheveled appearance of the surgeon while he dons gown and gloves. The surgical technologist should A. observe the surgeon for further impairment. B. share the event with co-workers in the lounge. C. request a different assignment to avoid liability. D. request a nurse manager to come to the room. - Answer D. Health care workers have a legal and ethical responsibility to report suspected impairment of co-workers. An Esmarch should be applied to an extremity A. proximal to distal. B. distal to proximal. C. ventral to dorsal. D. dorsal to ventral. - Answer B. An Esmarch is an elastic bandage. This pushes blood towards the trunk of the body. While preparing a sterile field, a surgical technologist secures the Bovie holster to the Mayo stand. The surgeon insists on keeping the Bovie attached to the drapes within reach for ease of access. Which of the following would be the BEST course of action? A. Move Bovie holster up by head of patient. B. Do not move the Bovie holster. C. Tell the circulator to document the surgeon's response. D. Remove the Bovie from the field. - Answer A. Moving the Bovie holster up by the patient's head where the surgeon has control of it will increase the chance of the holster being utilized appropriately. Which of the following machines in the sterile processing department uses cavitation for cleaning instruments? A. washer-decontaminator B. steam sterilizer C. ethylene oxide sterilizer D. ultrasonic cleaner - Answer D. The ultrasonic cleaner removes debris from instruments by the method of cavitation. Which of the following instrument sets should be added to the general abdominal set-up when an inguinal hernia is thought to be strangulated? A. rectal B. vascular C. common duct