Memory Processes and Types: Encoding, Storage, Retrieval, and Memory Stores - Prof. Barbar, Study notes of Psychology

Download Memory Processes and Types: Encoding, Storage, Retrieval, and Memory Stores - Prof. Barbar and more Study notes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! Chapter 7 Attention and Memory 3 Basic Memory Processes 1) Encoding -- Putting information into memory 2) Storage -- Keeping information in memory 3) Retrieval -- Getting information out of memory 2 Kinds of retrieval: a) Recognition--”cued” recall--recognize the correct answer from among a group of answers. Ex. M/C test b) Recall--retrieve from memory with no help. Ex. Essay test 3 Kinds of Memories 1) Episodic -- Memory of an episode or specific event in your life 2) Semantic -- General knowledge about the world. Facts. 3) Procedural -- How to do something Acquiring New Memories 3 Memory Stores 1) Sensory Memory -- Holds information long enough for the brain to process  Have a separate register for each sense (= 5 registers) o VERY short--1-2 seconds  *Transfer information from Sensory Memory to STM/WM by Paying Attention 2) Short-term /Working Memory (STM/WM)  limited capacity--Stores limited amounts of info for a short amount of time  Storage Capacity = immediate memory span o Number of items you can recall after 1 presentation  Serial Position Curve  Remember items at the beginning & end of the list better  Average STM/WM storage capacity = 7 + 2 “bits” of info for 18 sec. (Miller, 1956) o **Can increase capacity by Chunking--Putting information into meaningful groups  *Transfer info from STM/WM to LTM by Rehearsal o 2 Kinds of rehearsal: a) Maintenance –repeating items over & over b) Elaborative-- link new info with old, existing information--works better! 3) Long-Term Memory -- stores a lot of info for a long time limitless capacity Review Sensory Memory--------à STM/WM---------à LTM Attention rehearsal