Analysis of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory, Exams of Nursing

Download Analysis of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! 2 2 $s &o()*+nt w/s 01+0/1+& 23 th+ 4+1$n/t/5 6+nt/5 7+/5th 41o8+(t9 For %&e()*o+( or co--e+)( p/e0(e co+)0c) &(1 Ph$n&' ()* +0- )1 /01 0210 345' ()* +0- 0/ 67) 1/12 894:;' :n<$=>9h>?@4?$AB C&DE:F&' GGG?>9h>?@4?$AB HIIA&EE' Jn:K&AE:FL $< M4>& N$Gn O&>4AF9&nF $< PELPh:4FAL Q R&nF4; S&4;Fh 7/ T4GU:nE V$4IW XY:;I:nB X V$nI&D$EPhW T$YFh H<A:P4W **00 2c3+o4/e56e-e+)( M$K&A 4AF DL Z&E;&L Mh4An$PU? [;;YEFA4F:$nE DL HnFh$nL T9:Fh 4nI \A4&9& HA&nIE&? 2 3 CONTENTS 1# $N&R()*+&$(N 3 1#1 $hat () *+nta- (--n+)). / 1#2 1+nta- h+a-th () +2+3456d48) 59)(n+)) / 1#/#1 $hat can c69n)+--(n; <362(d+ =63 th+ >6*an. 4 1#/#2 $hat () th+ <36c+)) 6= c69n)+--(n;. 4 2# H/01$N2 (&H/R3 4 @+a-th >63A+3) 6=t+n )++ d()t3+))+d >6*+n# Bt () n6t a->a4) +a)4 t6 An6> h6> 469 can h+-< 63 >hat t6 d6# 4 2#1 $h6 can h+-<. 4 2#2 $hat () a h+-<+3. C 2#/#1 D6n=(d+nt(a-(t4 C 2#/#2 End+3)tand(n; 6th+3) F 2#/#/ End+3)tand(n; 4693)+-= F 2#/#4# G*<ath4 H 3# +(*N3/00$N2 35$003 6 /#1 I()t+n(n; )A(--) J /#1#1 Kct(2+ -()t+n(n; J /#2 K)A(n; L9+)t(6n) 1/ /#2#1 M<+n L9+)t(6n) 1/ /#2#2 D-6)+d L9+)t(6n) 1/ /#/ N+=-+ct(6n )A(--) 1C /#/#1# N+=-+ct(n; =++-(n;) 1C /#/#2# N+)tat(n;O3+<h3a)(n; 1H /#/#/ K==(3*at(6n 1P /#/#4 Q9**a3()(n; 2R 4#1 S+=63+ 469 )ta3t 22 4#2 Bn th+ 5+;(nn(n; 22 4#/ D6nta(n*+nt 22 4#4 D69n)+--(n; a) an (nt+32+nt(6n 2/ 4#C T3act(ca- t(<) 2/ 4#F T365-+* *ana;+*+nt 24 2 6 Bn c6nt3a)t t6 *+nta- (--n+))[ *+nta- >+--_5+(n; (n >h+n a <+3)6n () a5-+ t6 3+a-()+ th+(3 6>n a5(-(t(+)[ can c6<+ >(th th+ n63*a- )t3+))+) 6= -(=+[ can >63A <36d9ct(2+-4 and () a5-+ t6 *aA+ a c6nt3(59t(6n t6 th+(3 c6**9n(t4# 1#2 MDE@aF >DaF@> iB DNDKOLPQORB LIBiEDBB 1+nta- h+a-th ca3+ () 6=t+n )++n a) a )<+c(a-()t =(+-d that 6n-4 h(;h-4 t3a(n+d h+a-th >63A+3) can d+a- >(th[ +#;# <)4ch(at3()t) 63 <)4ch(at3(c n93)+)# 1+nta- (--n+))+) a3+ =a3 *63+ c6**6n than 56th h+a-th >63A+3) and c-(+nt) 6=t+n 3+a-()+# T663 *+nta- h+a-th can a==+ct c-(+nt) (n *an4 >a4)# Zhat () >h4 (t () (*<63tant that a-- -+2+-) 6= h+a-th >63A+3) a3+ a5-+ t6 3+c6;n()+ *+nta- (--n+))# =>O QPER@ >DaF@> wPKXDKB aBX aLPI@ >Pw a SFiDE@ iB VDDFiETG T+3ha<) th+ an)>+3 >(-- 3+L9(3+ t66 *9ch t(*+ and +==63t# Bt *a4 5+ +a)(+3 t6 d+a- >(th a <h4)(ca- <365-+*# T+3ha<) th+ L9+)t(6n 3+*(nd) h+a-th >63A+3) a569t th+(3 6>n <+3)6na- ())9+)# Bt () 6=t+n d(==(c9-t =63 h+a-th >63A+3) t6 h+a3 a569t c-(+nt)8 =++-(n;) 5+ca9)+ th+4 *a4 =++- 9na5-+ t6 6==+3 h+-< t6 c-(+nt)# 2 7 1#3 =>a@ iB SPIEBDFFiETG D69n)+--(n; (n26-2+) -()t+n(n;# D69n)+--(n; () a569t )9<<63t(n; th+ >6*an and +*<6>+3(n; h+3 t6 =(nd h+3 6>n )6-9t(6n)# D69n)+--(n; () EP@ a569t ;(2(n; ad2(c+` 1#3#1 =>a@ SaE SPIEBDFFiET UKPNiQD VPK @>D wPCaEG  K )a=+ )<ac+ t6 5+ h+a3d ] th+ >6*an t+--) h+3 >h6-+ )t634  K >a4 t6 9nd+3)tand h+3 6>n d()t3+))  Q6*+6n+ >h6 >(-- -()t+n >(th69t 5-a*(n; 63 j9d;(n;  N+)<+ct  ba-(dat(6n 6= =++-(n;)  Kn 6<<63t9n(t4 t6 +c<-63+ <3act(ca- 6<t(6n) >(th h+3  Kn 6<<63t9n(t4 t6 -66A =63 )6-9t(6n) t6 h+3 <365-+*)  Q9<<63t 1#3#2 =>a@ iB @>D UKPSDBB PV SPIEBDFFiETG  M<+n(n;V +)ta5-()h(n; a 3+-at(6n)h(< O 59(-d(n; t39)t  Gc<-63(n;V ;66d -()t+n(n;  End+3)tand(n;V c-a3(=4(n; O 3+=-+ct(n; O )9**a3()(n; th+ <365-+*)  U+c(d(n; 6n (nt+32+nt(6nV 9nd+3)tand(n; th+ )(t9at(6n that th+ >6*an () (n  Gc<-63(n; th+ <365-+* t6 =(nd )6-9t(6n)  @+-<(n; th+ >6*an t6 <-an h+3 6>n )6-9t(6n)  16n(t63(n; and *ac(*()(n; 3+)(-(+nc+ 2# H/01$N2 (&H/R3 @+a-th >63A+3) 6=t+n )++ d()t3+))+d >6*+n# Bt () n6t a->a4) +a)4 t6 An6> h6> 469 can h+-< 63 >hat t6 d6# 2 8 2#1 =>P SaE >DFUG Kn456d4 can h+-<` Zh+ +c+3c()+) (n th() *an9a- h+-< 469 9nd+3)tand h6> 5+)t t6 5+ a h+-<+3# d69 d6 n6t n++d t6 5+ a t3a(n+d )6c(a- >63A+3 63 <)4ch6-6;()t t6 ha2+ c69n)+--(n; )A(--)# D69n)+--(n; )A(--) can h+-< +2+346n+ t6 taA+ 5+tt+3 ca3+ 6= th+ >6*+n that th+4 )++# 2 11  Z34 t6 ;(2+ 4693)+-= t(*+ ] +2+34 da4 ] t6 th(nA a569t h6> 469 =++- and >h4#  $h+n >63A(n; ] t34 t6 *6n(t63 >hat 469 =++-[ and a)A >h+3+ th+ =++-(n;) c6*+ =36*#  Z34 t6 n6t(c+ >h+n 469 =++- 2+34 )t36n; =++-(n;) a569t )6*+th(n;#  Z34 t6 th(nA a569t )6*+ 6= 4693 )t36n;+)t =++-(n;)[ and )++ (= th+4 -(nA t6 an4 6= 4693 6>n +c<+3(+nc+)#  Z3+at 4693 6>n =++-(n;) >(th th+ )a*+ c6*<a))(6n and 3+)<+ct 469 >69-d ;(2+ t6 6th+3)# >T/ #&p*t<i9# i9 t/ 9## 2it< t<# #6#9 /5 *$/t<#8@ t/ <#*8 2it< t<# #*89 /5 *$/t<#8 *$( t/ 5##: 2it< t<# <#*8t /5 *$/t<#8.B C$/$6&/79 2 12 2#3#4# /CUa@>O Zh+ t+3*) +*<ath4 and )4*<ath4 a3+ 56th a569t =++-(n; =63 )6*+56d4 +-)+8) )(t9at(6n[ 59t th+4 6=t+n ;+t c6n=9)+d# =>a@ iB DCUa@>OG  T9tt(n; 4693)+-= (n )6*+6n+ +-)+8) )h6+)#  N+)<+ct=9--4 (*a;(n(n; >hat )6*+6n+ +-)+8) -(=+ () -(A+#  Gnt+3(n; (nt6 th+ <3(2at+ >63-d 6= an6th+3 <+3)6n[ >(th69t *aA(n; j9d;+*+nt)#  G*<ath4 () )h6>(n; that 469 9nd+3)tand th+ <+3)6n8) +c<+3(+nc+)[ 5+ha2(693 and =++-(n;)# HPw QP OPI B>Pw DCUa@>OG Bt () ha3d+)t t6 +*<ath()+ >(th th6)+ >h6 a3+ d(==+3+nt =36* 9)# Bn 63d+3 t6 +*<ath()+ >(th an6th+3[ 469 n++d t6 5+V  Op#$%&i$(#(V 469 *9)t )+t a)(d+[ =63 th+ *6*+nt[ 4693 6>n 5+-(+=)[ 2a-9+) and att(t9d+) (n 63d+3 t6 c6n)(d+3 th6)+ 6= th+ 6th+3 <+3)6n#  )&*+i$*tiv#V (*a;(n+ th+ 6th+3 <+3)6n8) 5acA;369nd[ th69;ht) and =++-(n;)#  C/&&itt#(0 >ant t6 9nd+3)tand an6th+3 <+3)6n#  1$/2i$+ *$( *44#pti$+ /5 6/789#:50 An6>(n; 4693)+-= and acc+<t(n; >h6 469 a3+ h+-<) t6 d+2+-6< +*<ath4 =63 6th+3)# )iVVDKDESD LD@wDDE DCUa@>O aEQ BOCUa@>O M=t+n >+ h+a3 th+ >63d) +*<ath4 and )4*<ath4 t6;+th+3# $hat () th+ d(==+3+nc+ 5+t>++n +*<ath4 and )4*<ath4.  ;&p*t<60 <9tt(n; 4693)+-= (n an6th+38) )h6+) and t34(n; t6 )++ th+ >63-d th69;h th+(3 +4+)# Zh() d6+) n6t *+an that 469 2 13 =++- +cact-4 >hat th+4 a3+ =++-(n; 63 that 469 ha2+ 5++n th369;h +2+34th(n; th+4 ha2+ 5++n th369;h#  =6&p*t<6V =++-(n; >hat an6th+3 <+3)6n () ;6(n; th369;h# h63 (n)tanc+[ =++-(n; th+ )adn+)) a =a*(-4 () =++-(n; =36* th+ -6)) 6= th+(3 ch(-d# K h+-<+3 n++d) t6 =++- +*<ath4[ 5+ca9)+ 469 cann6t <6))(5-4 +c<+3(+nc+ +2+34th(n; that <+6<-+ ;6 th369;h# d69 9)+ 4693 +c<+3(+nc+)[ and 4693 att+nt(6n t6 9nd+3)tand th+ 6th+3 <+3)6n8) )(t9at(6n# ACTIVE LISTENING 2 16 =>O B>PIFQ wD IBD aS@iND PK DCUa@>iS FiB@DEiETG  G*<ath(c -()t+n(n; +nc693a;+) th+ >6*an t6 ta-A *63+ a569t h+3 ())9+)# Zh() a--6>) 469 a) a h+-<+3 t6 ;a(n a 5+tt+3 9nd+3)tand(n; 6= th+ d(==(c9-t(+) and h+3 2(+> 6= th+ >63-d#  Bt -+a2+) th+ >6*an >(th th+ 9nd+3)tand(n; that )h+ ha) 5++n h+a3d# j9)t th+ +c<+3(+nc+ 6= 5+(n; h+a3d can 5+ h+a-(n;#  Kct(2+ -()t+n(n; h+-<) +)ta5-()h a 3+-at(6n)h(< 5+t>++n c-(+nt and h+-<+3# /CUa@>iS PK aS@iND FiB@DEiET iENPFNDBZ  Ta3t(c(<at(n; (n th+ >63-d 6= th+ 6th+3 <+3)6n and 5+(n; a <a3t 6= >hat that <+3)6n () +c<+3(+nc(n;# o @+a3(n; >63d) 59t a-)6 -()t+n(n; t6 h6> th+ >63d) a3+ 5+(n; )a(d# o $hat t6n+ 6= 26(c+ () 5+(n; 9)+d. o $hat >63d) a3+ 5+(n; 9)+d t6 d+)c3(5+ th+ +c<+3(+nc+. o $hat 56d4 -an;9a;+ () th+ <+3)6n d()<-a4(n;. o $hat )h6>) 6n th+(3 =ac+. o $hat d6 th+(3 hand *62+*+nt) )h6>. 2 17 o U6 th+ >63d) =-6> 63 a3+ th+3+ -6t) 6= h+)(tat(6n).  I()t+n(n; t6 >hat () EP@ 5+(n; )a(d[ 63 -()t+n(n; t6 th+ )(-+nc+)#  Bn c69n)+--(n;[ ca3(n; 63 +*<ath(c -()t+n(n; () an +c<+3(+nc+ >h+3+ 4693 >h6-+ 5+(n; 5+c6*+) t9n+d (nt6 th+ >63-d and +c<+3(+nc+ 6= an6th+3 <+3)6n#  K c6*5(nat(6n 6= +*<ath4 and -()t+n(n; () a 5a)(c 3+L9(3+*+nt =63 a-- c69n)+--(n; 5+ha2(693 and (n i@BDFV () 6=t+n 2+34 th+3a<+9t(c =63 th+ c-(+nt#  Zh+3+ () h+a-(n; <6>+3 (n 5+(n; -()t+n+d t6[ and (n 5+(n; a5-+ t6 ta-A and 5+ h+a3d 54 an6th+3# 2 18 =>a@ TD@B iE @>D waO PV aS@iND PK DCUa@>iS FiB@DEiETG  S+(n; )+-+ct(2+V n6t -()t+n(n; t6 th+ =9-- *+))a;+ 6= >hat () 5+(n; )a(d[ 59t Wh+a3(n;X 6n-4 >hat 469 >ant t6 h+a3#  S+(n; d()t3act+dV a<<+a3(n; t6 -()t+n >h+n 3+a--4 4693 *(nd () a *(--(6n A(-6*+t3+) a>a4 and 469 ha2+ n6t act9a--4 h+a3d a >63d that ha) 5++n )a(d#  T+3)6na- 2a-9+) k>hat >+ 5+-(+2+ t6 5+ (*<63tantlV +ach 6= 9) ha) d(==+3+nt 2a-9+)#  $hat () ha<<+n(n; (n 4693 6>n -(=+V th() *a4 chan;+ 4693 <+3)<+ct(2+ a569t >hat th+ >6*an () ;6(n; th369;h#  T3+<a3(n; a 3+)<6n)+V (= 469 a3+ <3+<a3(n; >hat 469 >(-- )a4 n+ct[ 469 cann6t 5+ -()t+n(n; t6 th+ >6*an#  h++-(n; th3+at+n+d 54 >hat th+ >6*an () )a4(n;#  D9-t93+V )6*+t(*+) th+ >6*an8) c9-t93+ () d(==+3+nt t6 693)#  Ian;9a;+V *an4 t(*+) >+ a3+ n6t )<+aA(n; (n 693 6>n -an;9a;+ and th+3+ can 5+ c6**9n(cat(6n d(==(c9-t(+) >(th th()# 3#1#2 _DKLaF FiB@DEiET :/n/51& v%8A1& 8%4p#n4%V Zh+)+ a3+ 2+35a- 3+)<6n)+) )h6>(n; that 469 a3+ -()t+n(n;# b+35a- 3+)<6n)+) (nc-9d+V W***m***[X W9h_h9h[X 63 W4+)#X Zh+)+ *(n(*a- 3+)<6n)+) )h6> th+ >6*an that 469 a3+ -()t+n(n; t6 h+3[ and +nc693a;+) h+3 t6 c6nt(n9+ ta-A(n;# 3#1#3 NPE\NDKLaF FiB@DEiET Zh+ QMIGNh *+th6d () a 9)+=9- >a4 t6 W-()t+nX >(th69t )<+aA(n;# 3 3`IaKDFO =ac+ <+3)6n _ n6t t93n+d t6 th+ )(d+# ( 9)+ (UDE <6)t93+ >(th69t c36))+d a3*) and -+;)# 0 0DaE )-(;ht-4 t6>a3d th+ <+3)6n 3ath+3 than )(tt(n; 5acA (n th+ cha(3# / 9)+ /OD c6ntact (n)t+ad 6= )ta3(n; 6== (nt6 d++< )<ac+# R RDFa^[ A++< (t nat93a- (n)t+ad 6= )(tt(n; -(A+ a 56a3d# 9 -66A 9KiDEQFO and >+-c6*(n; 3ath+3 than n+9t3a- 63 2 21 B#* 18% &/40%n/n3 0# 5% Ch%nD d69 c6*+ L9(+t-4 (nt6 *4 <3(2at+ >63-d and -+t *+ 5+o d69 3+a--4 t34 t6 9nd+3)tand *+ +2+n (= B8* n6t *aA(n; *9ch )+n)+o d69 ;3a)< *4 <6(nt 6= 2(+> +2+n >h+n (t8) a;a(n)t 4693 6>n )(nc+3+ c6n2(ct(6n)o d69 3+a-()+ that th+ h693 B t66A =36* 469 ha) -+=t 469 a 5(t t(3+d and d3a(n+do d69 a--6> *+ th+ d(;n(t4 6= *aA(n; *4 6>n d+c()(6n) +2+n th69;h 469 th(nA th+4 *(;ht 5+ >36n;o d69 d6 n6t taA+ *4 <365-+* =36* *+[ 59t a--6> *+ t6 d+a- >(th (t (n *4 6>n >a4o d69 h6-d 5acA 4693 d+)(3+ t6 ;(2+ *+ ;66d ad2(c+o d69 d6 n6t 6==+3 *+ 3+-(;(69) )6-ac+ >h+n 469 )+n)+ B a* n6t 3+ad4 =63 (to d69 ;(2+ *+ +n69;h 366* t6 d()c62+3 =63 *4)+-= >hat () 3+a--4 ;6(n; 6n# C$/$6&/ 79 2 22 The table below gives examples of good listening and unhelpful listening. 0iB@DEiET NP@ FiB@DEiET S+ a>a3+ 6= 4693 6>n =++-(n;) and th+ >a4 that 469 a3+ 3+)<6nd(n; Za-A(n; a569t 4693)+-= 63 4693 6>n +c<+3(+nc+) Z34 t6 =(nd a <3(2at+[ L9(+t <-ac+ =63 c69n)+--(n; O )9<<63t S+(n; 62+3_)4*<ath+t(c Za-A(n; >(th 6th+3 <+6<-+[ an)>+3(n; th+ <h6n+ Q(t )t(-- and -66A (nt+3+)t+d h++-(n; )6334 =63 th+ <+3)6n[ and th+n t34(n; t6 ;(2+ h6<+ 63 <-at(t9d+) kc-(ché)l 162(n; a369nd[ )tand(n; 9< $a(t =63 th+ <+3)6n t6 )<+aA a=t+3 469 ha2+ ;(2+n a )h63t (nt36d9ct(6n T36*()(n; t6 d6 +2+34th(n; Y(2+ th+ <+3)6n an 6<<63t9n(t4 t6 t+-- h+3 )t634 (n h+3 6>n >a4 S3+aA(n; c6n=(d+nt(a-(t4 U6n8t (nt+339<t th+ <+3)6n >h(-+ )h+ () ta-A(n; Bnt+339<t(n; th+ <+3)6n Qh6> th369;h 4693 W56d4 -an;9a;+X that 469 a3+ -()t+n(n; I66A(n; (33(tat+d 63 563+d[ 4a>n(n; h++- 3+-ac+d >(th a<<36<3(at+ )(-+nc+) D6nc+nt3at(n; 6n-4 6n th+ =act) and a)A(n; -6t) 6= L9+)t(6n)# I+t th+ <+3)6n An6> that 469 a3+ >(--(n; t6 -()t+n =93th+3 1(n(*()(n; th+ <365-+* kW(t c69-d 5+ >63)+`Xl K)A a =+> L9+)t(6n) ] a)A L9+)t(6n) 6n-4 >h+n 469 n++d *63+ (n=63*at(6n t6 9nd+3)tand th+ )(t9at(6n T3+ach(n; 63 j9d;(n; Y(2(n; (na<<36<3(at+ ad2(c+ >(th >h(ch th+ >6*an d6+)n8t a;3++ 1aA+ )93+ that th+ >a4 469 9nd+3)tand th+ )(t9at(6n () c633+ct f6t 5+-(+2(n; >hat th+ <+3)6n () )a4(n; h++-(n; 9nc6*=63ta5-+ >(th )6*+6n+ +-)+8) =++-(n;) M2+3 )4*<ath+t(c 2 23 N+=-+ct 5acA t6 th+ <+3)6n (n >63d) >hat th+4 a3+ =++-(n; and )a4(n; h++-(n; )6334 =63 th+ <+3)6n and th+n t34(n; t6 ;(2+ =a-)+ h6<+# 8S@iNi@OZ E81>0/4/n3 (/ff%8%n0 2/n(4 #f F*%40/#n4 f+ct t(*+ 469 ;+t a chanc+ t6 chat >(th a =3(+nd 63 c6--+a;9+[ t34 t6 <3act(c+ a)A(n; L9+)t(6n)# K)A an PUDE DEQDQ `IDB@iPE -(A+[ W@6> d6 469 =++- a569t >hat ha) ha<<+n+d >(th(n th+ <a)t =+> da4).X d69 >ant th+* t6 5+ a5-+ t6 ;6 6n at )6*+ -+n;th# K=t+3 a =+> *(n9t+)[ 469 can t34 t6 c6n)t3a(n 63 3+d(3+ct c6n2+3)at(6n 54 a)A(n; a SFPBDQ `IDB@iPE )9ch a) WU6+) th() *aA+ 469 =++- ;66d 63 5ad.X d69 a3+ -66A(n; =63 an +(th+3O63 an)>+3# &>iEX aLPI@ @>D QiVVDKDE@ XiEQB PV aEBwDKB @>a@ aKD TiNDE w>DE OPI aBX PUDE PK SFPBDQ `IDB@iPEB# HPw QP OPI @>iEX @>D QiVVDKDE@ XiEQB PV `IDB@iPEB CaXD @>D BUDaXDK VDDFG 2 26 Zh+ =6--6>(n; act(2(t4 ;+t) 469 t6 <3act(c+ 6<+n and c-6)+d L9+)t(6n)# E)+ 4693 -()t+n(n; )A(--) and 3+*+*5+3 t6 9)+ 4693 56d4 -an;9a;+ a) >+--` $CUPK@aE@ UPiE@B aLPI@ FiB@DEiETZ Bt () 2a-9a5-+ =63 a >6*an t6 5+ a5-+ t6 ta-A and 5+ h+a3d#  Za-A(n; a569t (*<63tant th(n;) can 5+ 2+34 ha3d#  $6*+n n++d t6 5+ a5-+ t6 )<+aA (n a )a=+ <-ac+[ (n th+(3 6>n >63d)#  $h+n -()t+n(n;[ t34 n6t t6 (nt+339<t#  D6nc+nt3at+ 6n >hat () 5+(n; )a(d[ n6t >hat 469 n++d t6 )a4 63 d6#  I()t+n t6 th+ >63d) )a(d[ >hat h+3 56d4 t+--) 469[ and >hat )h+ () EP@ )a4(n;# GH15p&%I G/&*$V WB8* th+ 6n-4 6n+ >63A(n; (n *4 =a*(-4# 14 *6th+3[ *4 )()t+3 and h+3 t>6 ch(-d3+n )ta4 >(th *+ and *4 th3++ A(d)# B can8t a==63d th+ )ch66- =++) =63 *4 6>n ch(-d3+n a-3+ad4[ )6 B d6n8t An6> >hat B8* ;6(n; t6 d6 n6> B8* <3+;nant a;a(nX C/7$9#::/80 Wd69 )69nd >633(+d and 62+3>h+-*+d#X 2 27 3#3 RDVFDS@iPE BXiFFB N+=-+ct(n; act) -(A+ a *(3363o (t ;(2+) 5acA t6 th+ >6*an >hat )h+ ha) j9)t c6**9n(cat+d t6 9)# Bt -+t) th+ >6*an An6> >hat 469 9nd+3)tand a569t >hat )h+ ha) )ha3+d and c6**9n(cat+) +*<ath4# $CUPK@aESD PV KDVFDS@iET  N+-at(6n)h(< 59(-d(n;V 3+=-+ct(n; () 2a-9a5-+ (n 59(-d(n; a 3+-at(6n)h(< >(th th+ >6*an 54 c6**9n(cat(n; t39)t[ acc+<tanc+ and 9nd+3)tand(n;#  D-a3(=(cat(6nV 3+=-+ct(n; () h+-<=9- =63 >6*+n t6 5+ a5-+ t6 c-a3(=4 =63 th+*)+-2+) th+(3 <365-+*) and =++-(n;)#  Bn=63*at(6nV 3+=-+ct(n; h+-<) th+ c69n)+--63 ;+t (n=63*at(6n a569t th+ >6*an and h6> )h+ 2(+>) h+3 )(t9at(6n#  b+3(=(cat(6nV 3+=-+ct(n; h+-<) th+ c69n)+--63 t6 ch+cA h+3 <+3c+<t(6n 6= >hat th+ >6*an c6**9n(cat+)# Zh+3+ a3+ =693 d(==+3+nt 3+=-+ct(n; )A(--)# Zh+)+ a3+ )A(--) that can 5+ 9)+d at an4 )ta;+ (n th+ c69n)+--(n; )+))(6n[ 59t a3+ 3+a--4 (*<63tant =63 59(-d(n; t39)t and +c<-63(n; th+ <365-+*#  N+=-+ct(n; =++-(n;)  N+)tat(n;O3+=3a*(n;  K==(3*at(6n  Q9**a3()(n; 3#3#1# RDVFDS@iET VDDFiETB N+=-+ct >hat th+ c-(+nt () =++-(n;# h6c9) 6n =++-(n;)[ fMZ th+ d+ta(-) 6= >hat () )a(d# 2 28 &iUB VPK KDVFDS@iET VDDFiETBZ  I()t+n =63 and 3+=-+ct 56th 2+35a- and n6n_2+35a- c6**9n(cat(6n 6= =++-(n;)#  N+ad 56d4 -an;9a;+ and 3+=-+ct >hat 469 )++ (= =++-(n;) a3+ n6t +c<3+))+d 2+35a--4# H# WB -6)t *4 =(3)t 5a54# Qh+ >a) 563n t66 +a3-4 and )h+ d(d n6t 53+ath+# B A++< th(nA(n; a569t h+3 n6> that B a* <3+;nant a;a(n# Qh+ >69-d ha2+ 5++n 2 4+a3) 6-d# X kL8i#5 H :/99 H 9*( H 2/886 5/8 t<# $#2 E*E6l J# WQ(nc+ B ca*+ (n =63 *4 @Bb t+)t -a)t >++A B ha2+ n6t 5++n a5-+ t6 )-++< >a(t(n; =63 *4 t+)t 3+)9-t)#X kC$Mi/79lWB had an a563t(6n -a)t 4+a3# Q(nc+ th+n B can8t )t6< th(nA(n; a569t (t[ and >6nd+3(n; (= B d(d th+ >36n; th(n;# B ha2+ 536A+n 9< >(th *4 564=3(+nd# Q6*+t(*+) B th(nA B a* 5+(n; <9n()h+d#X kL7i:tl P# WB ha2+ 5++n 9n+*<-64+d =63 2 4+a3)# B d6 n6t An6> >hat t6 d6 a569t *6n+4# 14 A(d) and B ha2+ 5++n )ta4(n; >(th *4 )()t+38) =a*(-4 59t 4+)t+3da4 h+3 h9)5and )a(d that >+ ha2+ t6 -+a2+ 5+ca9)+ th+4 d6 n6t ha2+ *6n+4 +(th+3#X kD#9p#8*t# H 2/88i#(l GH15p&%I G/&*$V WB8* )6 an;34 >(th *4 h9)5and# B j9)t >ant t6 A(-- h(*o h+ *aA+) *+ )6 *ad#X C/7$9#::/8V WBt )69nd) -(A+ 4693 (33(tat(6n and =39)t3at(6n >(th 4693 h9)5and ha) (nc3+a)+d and () 3+ach(n; a c-(*ac#X 2 31 3#3#2# RDB@a@iETaKDU>KaBiET Zh() () )a4(n; >hat 469 9nd+3)tand th+ >6*an t6 5+ c6**9n(cat(n;# S4 d6(n; th() 469 a3+ -+tt(n; h+3 An6> that 469 9nd+3)tand and[ (= 469 d6n8t[ a3+ >(--(n; t6 5+ c633+ct+d# &iUB VPK KDB@a@iETZ  E)+ 4693 6>n >63d) t6 +c<-a(n 4693 9nd+3)tand(n; 6= >hat th+ >6*an () )a4(n;#  E)+ )-(;ht-4 d(==+3+nt >63d) that ha2+ th+ )a*+ *+an(n;o d6 n6t j9)t 3+<+at >hat )h+ )a(d#  N+<h3a)+ 56th c6nt+nt and =++-(n;)#  D6n2+4 +*<ath4[ acc+<tanc+ and ;+n9(n+n+))#  S+ t+ntat(2+ and 3+)<+ct=9-[ (#+# WB h+a3 469 )a4(n;m[X 63 WBt )69nd) -(A+mX 8S@iNi@OZ E81>0/4/n3 J%4010/n3LJ%ph814/n3 HPw wPIFQ OPI KDBUPEQ @P @>D VPFFPwiET B@a@DCDE@B LO KDB@a@iET PK KDU>KaBiETG *BD OPIK KDVFDS@iET BXiFFB# 1# W$ B@aK@DQ BDDiET @>iB TIO# =D BUDE@ `Ii@D a Li@ PV @iCD @PTD@>DK aEQ $ KDaFFO FiXD >iC# =D wDKD KDaFFO SaKDVIF aEQ >aQ UKP@DS@DQ BD^# 8V@DK aLPI@ @wP CPE@>BJ CO LPOVKiDEQ BaiQ >D QPDB EP@ waE@ @P IBD a SPEQPC# HD BaiQ @>a@ iV $ @KIB@ >iC $ B>PIFQ EP@ aBX >iC @P IBD a SPEQPC# NPw $ aC UKDTEaE@# $ QP EP@ XEPw w>a@ @P QP#b )t 9/7$(9 *9 t</7+< 6/7 2#8# *9F#( t/ &*F# * (i55i47:t (#4i9i/$ t<*t 6/7 2#8# $/t 4/&5/8t*E:# i$ &*Fi$+@ *$( $/2 6/7 *8# 7$978# /5 </2 t/ (#*: 2it< t<# 4/$9#N7#$4#. 2# cSKOiETd e0aB@ EiT>@ CO >IBLaEQ SaCD >PCD KDaFFO Fa@D# HD waB QKIEX aTaiE# =D B@aK@DQ aKTIiETJ LI@ i@ iB EP IBD# $ aC BP aETKO a@ >iC# HD wiFF EDNDK S>aETD#b O/7 9##& t/ E# 5##:i$+ 5879t8*t#( E6 6/78 <79E*$(P9 (8i$Fi$+@ 2<i4< /5t#$ :#*(9 t/ *8+7&#$t9. O/7P8# *:9/ 7$978# /5 </2 t/ (#*: 2it< t<i9 p8/E:#&@ 2<i4< :#*v#9 6/7 5##:i$+ <#:p:#99@ 9*( *$( </p#:#99. 2 32 Qta3t a 3+)tat(n; )tat+*+nt >(th <h3a)+) -(A+V i$hat B^* 9nd+3)tand(n; () ###i iBn 6th+3 >63d)###i iQ6 5a)(ca--4 >hat 469^3+ )a4(n; ()###i iU6 469 *+an###.i iBt )69nd) a) (=###i iB^* n6t )93+ that B^* 9nd+3)tand(n; 469 c633+ct-4[ 59t###i id69 )69nd####i iB ;ath+3###i Zh+ act(2(t4 5+-6> h+-<) t6 <3act()+ 3+)tat(n;# E)+ 4693 6>n >63d) t6 )h6> that 469 9nd+3)tand >hat th+ >6*an () )a4(n; t6 469# 2 33 3# WMO CP@>DK iB TD@@iET BiSX# 3>D iB aFPED iE >DK NiFFaTD aEQ PEFO >aB PED PV CO LKP@>DKRB S>iFQKDE B@aOiET wi@> >DK# HI@J $ aC EP@ BIKD @>a@ @>D LPO iB KDaFFO @aXiET TPPQ SaKD PV >DK# $ aC BP wPKKiDQ LDSaIBD @>DO aKD VaK VKPC @>D >PBUi@aF aEQ >D wiFF EP@ XEPw w>a@ @P QP iV B>D TD@B BiSXDK#b )t 9/7$(9 :iF# 6/7P8# i$48#(iE:6 *$Mi/79 *t t<# &/&#$t@ 2/886i$+ *E/7t 6/78 &/t<#8P9 <#*:t<. O/7 *:9/ 9##& t/ E# 4/$4#8$#( t<*t t<# E/6 9t*6i$+ 2it< <#8 2i:: E# 7$*E:# t/ ://F *5t#8 <#8 i5 $#4#99*86. 4# W0a@DFO CO ViKB@\LPKE TiKF >aB LDDE @DaBDQ a FP@ a@ BS>PPF# &>DO SaFF >DK EaCDB aEQ BaO @>a@ B>D iB ITFO# 0aB@ EiT>@ B>D waB SKOiET aTaiE# $ TD@ BP aETKO a@ @>PBD SKIDF XiQB aEQ waE@ BP LaQFO @P B@PU @>iB#b )t 9##&9 t<*t 6/7 *8# 2/88i#( *E/7t 6/78 (*7+<t#8@ 2</ i9 E#i$+ E7::i#( *t 94<//:@ *$( t<*t it :#*v#9 6/7 2it< 5##:i$+9 /5 *$+#8 *$( 5879t8*ti/$. )t *:9/ 9/7$(9 :iF# 6/7 <*v# * 9t8/$+ (#9i8# t/ p8/t#4t <#8@ E7t *8# 7$978# </2 t/ (/ t<i9. 7# WMO >IBLaEQ UaBBDQ awaO FaB@ CPE@># HD waB BiSX VPK BPCD @iCD LI@ >D KDVIBDQ @P LD @aXDE @P @>D >PBUi@aF# NPw $ >aND ]IB@ VPIEQ PI@ $ aC H$_f# 3PJ EPw $ VDDF BP SPEVIBDQ# $ KDaFiBD CO >IBLaEQ >aQ 8$)3 aEQ >D QiQER@ @DFF CDJ aEQ $ CIB@ >aND TP@ H$_ VKPC 2 36 Zh+ =6--6>(n; act(2(t4 <9t) t6;+th+3 a-- th+ )A(--) 469 ha2+ -+a3nt )6 =a3[ and h+-<) 469 t6 <3act()+# Bt () n6t a->a4) +a)4 t6 d6 (t 3(;ht` I+a3n =36* th+ *()taA+) that a3+ *ad+# Zh+ *63+ 469 <3act()+[ th+ +a)(+3 (t () t6 9)+ th+ n+> )A(--)# 8S@iNi@OZ E*00/n3 0h% 42/&&4 0#3%0h%8 $h+n 469 n+ct ha2+ a chanc+ t6 chat t6 a =3(+nd 63 c6--+a;9+[ t34 t6 9)+ aS@iND FiB@DEiETJ KDVFDS@iET VDDFiETBJ KDB@a@iETJ BICCaKiBiET aEQ aVViKCa@iPE Y+t 3+ad4 t6 -()t+n act(2+-4# Zh(nA a569t 4693 +nc693a;(n; 56d4 -an;9a;+# Zh(nA a569t n6n_2+35a- +nc693a;+3)# E)+ 6<+n_+nd+d L9+)t(6n) -(A+[ W@6> a3+ th(n;) ;6(n; =63 469 t6da4.X d69 >ant th+ )<+aA+3 t6 ;6 6n at )6*+ -+n;th# Zh(nA a569t >hat th+ )<+aA+3 () )a4(n; and 3+=-+ct (t# &>iEX aLPI@ @>D BUDaXDK 1# U6 469 th(nA that th+ )<+aA+3 =+-t th+4 >+3+ 5+(n; h+a3d >(th +*<ath4. 2# $hat d(d th+ )<+aA+3 =++- >h+n th+4 -+=t th+ )+))(6n. &>iEX aLPI@ FiB@DEiET 1# @6> d(d 469 =++- (n)(d+ 4693)+-= >h+n 469 >+3+ -()t+n(n;. 2# U(d 469 =++- 469 >+3+ W6n th+ )a*+ <a;+X a) th+ )<+aA+3. B= n6t[ >h4 n6t. /# @6> acc93at+-4 d6 469 th(nA 469 >+3+ a5-+ t6 )9**a3(g+ th+ 2 37 )<+aA+3) (n=63*at(6n. 1Rn. PRn. $h4. 4# $+3+ 469 a5-+ t6 3+=-+ct 5acA th+ <+3)6n8) =++-(n;). U6n8t >6334 (= 469 a3+ n6t c6*<-+t+-4 acc93at+# Zhat () >h4 th+ -()t+n+3 W<-a4) (t 5acAX t6 th+ )<+aA+3 9)(n; a t+ntat(2+ t6n+# RDCDCLDKJ @>D UDKBPE CaO VPKTD@ w>a@ OPI BaiQJ LI@ wiFF EDNDK VPKTD@ h#C OPI CaQD @>DC f%%&h 4#3 +PE@aiECDE@ $h+n =++-(n;) a3+ <a(n=9- and 62+3>h+-*(n;[ th+ >6*an *a4 n++d )6*+6n+ t6 h+-< h+3 t6 h6-d and 9nd+3)tand th6)+ =++-(n;)# Zh() () ca--+d [SPE@aiECDE@R# Zh(nA 6= a j9;[ >h+n th+3+ () t66 *9ch >at+3 (n (t[ (t 62+3=-6>)[ and an6th+3 c6nta(n+3 *a4 5+ n++d+d t6 h6-d th+ >at+3 9nt(- )6*+ 6= th+ >at+3 (n th+ =(3)t j9; ha) 5++n 9)+d 9<# h++-(n;) can 5+ -(A+ th()# Q6*+6n+ +-)+ *(;ht n++d t6 h6-d th+ <a(n=9- =++-(n;) 9nt(- th+ <+3)6n () 3+ad4 t6 d+a- >(th th+*# 2 38 4# 811R(8+H/3 &( +(*N3/00$N2 Zh+ ;9(d+-(n+) 5+-6> 6==+3 ;+n+3a- a<<36ach+) =63 c69n)+--(n; <3+;nant >6*+n and *6th+3)# 4#1 HDVPKD OPI B@aK@ S+=63+ *++t(n; a *6th+3 =63 th+ =(3)t t(*+[ (t () h+-<=9- t6 ch+cA an4 (n=63*at(6n that ca*+ >(th th+ 3+=+33a-[ +#;# an4 )c3++n(n; =63*)[ 5acA;369nd h()t634[ -+tt+3) =36* 6th+3 h+a-th >63A+3)# Bt >69-d 5+ 5+)t t6 <-an t6 )++ th+ *6th+3 4 t6 F t(*+)[ 59t th+3+ () a->a4) a chanc+ 469 >(-- 6n-4 )++ h+3 6nc+[ a) )h+ *a4 n6t c6*+ 5acA[ 63 469 *a4 n6t ha2+ *63+ t(*+# 4#2 $E @>D LDTiEEiET  Bt () (*<63tant t6 c3+at+ a BaVD aEQ BIUUPK@iND DENiKPECDE@ =63 th+ *6th+3)# N+a))93+ h+3 that (t () a ;66d (d+a t6 ;+t an 6<<63t9n(t4 t6 ta-A 5+=63+ th+ 5a54 () 563n )6 that )h+ =++-) *63+ <3+<a3+d >h+n th+ 5a54 c6*+)#  $63A 69t >(th h+3 >h4 )h+ () >(th 469 t6da4 and >hat )h+ +c<+ct) =36* ta-A(n; >(th 469#  I()t+n ca3+=9--4 and d6n8t (nt+3<3+t 63 ana-4)+# Zh() c3+at+) a )a=+ )<ac+ =63 h+3 t6 26(c+ th+ c6*<-+c(t4 6= h+3 =++-(n;) a369nd <3+;nanc4 and ch(-d5(3th# Qh+ can th+n +2+n 3+ach h+3 6>n )6-9t(6n)[ 56th +*6t(6na--4 and <3act(ca--4#  Zh+ *6th+3 >(-- h6<+=9--4 d+)c3(5+ h+3 -(=+ a) )h+ 9nd+3)tand) (t# Z3+ad ;+nt-4# d69 *a4 th3+at+n 4693 3+-at(6n)h(< >(th h+3 (= 469 t3+at h+3 )t634 a) a c6--+ct(6n 6= )4*<t6*)[ ha5(t) 63 <365-+*)#  I66A =63 +ca*<-+) 6= <3+2(69) h+a-th4 c6<(n; and <365-+*_)6-2(n; a5(-(t(+)#  K) a c69n)+--63[ 469 *a4 act a) a 53(d;+ 5+t>++n c3()() and c6<(n;#  16th+3) n++d t6 An6> that th+4 a3+ >63th4 6= )+n)(t(2+ and 3+-(a5-+ ca3+# 8S@iNi@OZ Mn(%8401n(/n3 p8#A&%54 Z34 t6 th(nA 6= a *6th+3 (n 4693 c6**9n(t4 that ha) a <365-+*# Mn+ <365-+* 6=t+n ha) *an4 <a3t) t6 (t# Z34 t6 53+aA (t d6>n (nt6 )*a--+3 <a3t) that t6;+th+3 *aA+ 9< th+ >h6-+ <365-+*# &>iEX aLPI@ @>D UKPLFDC iE @>D VPFFPwiET waOBZ $hat *aA+) (t d(==(c9-t =63 th+ >6*an a) an (nd(2(d9a-. $hat h+-<) h+3 t6 c6<+ >(th h+3 <365-+*. $hat a569t h+3 =a*(-4 *aA+) th() <365-+* 5+tt+3 63 >63)+. $hat a569t h+3 c6**9n(t4 *aA+) th() <365-+* 5+tt+3 63 >63)+. $hat a3+ th+ d(==+3+nt <a3t) t6 h+3 <365-+*. 2 41 4#; 1KPLFDC CaEaTDCDE@ 1ana;(n; <365-+*) () 6n-4 <6))(5-+ (= th+ c69n)+--63 and >6*an ha2+ -6t) 6= t(*+ t6;+th+3# Zh() can8t 5+ d6n+ (n 6n+ )+))(6n# Bn 63d+3 t6 h+-< th+ >6*an c6<+ >(th h+3 <365-+*)[ (t () (*<63tant t6 9nd+3)tand h6> +ach <+3)6n =(t) (nt6 th+ +n2(36n*+nt a369nd th+*# Zh() *6th+3 *a4 5+ <a3t 6= a =a*(-4[ a c6**9n(t4 and a )6c(+t4 that c69-d h+-< h+3# Mn th+ 6th+3 hand[ th6)+ a369nd h+3 c69-d 5+ <a3t 6= th+ <365-+*# Zh+3+ a3+ )+2+3a- <6))(5-+ )t+<) t6 *ana;(n; <365-+*)V  End+3)tand(n; th+ <365-+*  I66A(n; at 6<t(6n)  Q+tt(n; ;6a-)  U+2+-6<(n; a <-an 6= act(6n  16n(t63(n; and +2a-9at(6n 4#;#1# *EQDKB@aEQiET @>D UKPLFDC Zh+3+ *a4 5+ *an4 )6-9t(6n) t6 a <365-+*[ 59t (n 63d+3 t6 9nd+3)tand >hat >(-- >63A 5+)t =63 th+ >6*an[ a-- th+ <a3t) 6= th+ <365-+* *9)t 5+ 9nd+3)t66d# Q6*+ ())9+) *a4 5+ h(dd+n# I+a3n(n; <6(nt)V 2 42  Gach <a3t 6= th+ <365-+* h+-<) t6 59(-d a >h6-+ <(ct93+ 6= >hat () >36n;#  Q*a--+3 <a3t) d6 n6t )++* L9(t+ )6 9n*ana;+a5-+# Bt *a4 5+ +a)(+3 t6 tacA-+ 6n+ <a3t 6= th+ <365-+* at a t(*+  Zh+ >6*an *9)t 5+ +*<6>+3+d t6 )6-2+ h+3 6>n <365-+*) ] n6t t6-d >hat t6 d6# 2 43 4#;#2 0PPXiET a@ PU@iPEB Zh+ c69n)+--63 h+-<) th+ >6*an t6 -()t th+ <a3t) 6= th+ <365-+*[ and <3(63(t(g+ >hat n++d) t6 5+ d+a-t >(th =(3)t# Zh+n th+ c69n)+--63 and >6*an can d()c9)) h6> th+ <365-+* c69-d 5+ *ana;+d# Zh+ c69n)+--63 and >6*an ta-A a569t d(==+3+nt >a4) 6= <9tt(n; )6-9t(6n) (nt6 act(6n# Gach 6<t(6n >(-- ha2+ ad2anta;+) and d()ad2anta;+)# Bn a))+))(n; 6<t(6n)[ (t () (*<63tant t6 <6)(t(2+-4 3+(n=63c+ c6<(n; 5+ha2(693) that th+ >6*an )h6>)# N+)(-(+nc+ () a t+3* 9)+d t6 d+)c3(5+ th+ <6)(t(2+ a5(-(t4 t6 c6<+ >(th )t3+)) and d(==(c9-t(+)# h63 +ca*<-+[ +2+n th69;h (t *a4 =++- d(==(c9-t =63 a >6*an t6 ;+t 69t 6= 5+d[ )h+ ha) c6*+ t6 an a<<6(nt*+nt# Zh() <6)(t(2+ 5+ha2(693 n++d) t6 5+ 3+c6;n()+d# T362(d(n; th+ >6*an >(th )A(--) t6 c6<+ >(th th+ <365-+* >(-- h+-< h+3 t6 =++- )t36n;+3 and *63+ a5-+ t6 d+a- >(th >hat )h+ n++d) t6 d6 ] th+)+ c6<(n; )A(--) h+-< h+3 t6 =++- *63+ (n c6nt36- 6= h+3 )(t9at(6n# 4#;#3 3D@@iET TPaFB Zh+ c69n)+--63 h+-<) th+ >6*an t6 d+c(d+ 6n )(*<-+ ;6a-) that *a4 5+ )9cc+))=9--4 ach(+2+d# Q*a--+3 ;6a-) *a4 -+ad[ 62+3 t(*+[ t6 3+ach(n; -a3;+3 ;6a-)# 4#;#4 )DNDFPUiET a UFaE PV aS@iPE Zh+ >6*an n++d) t6 d+c(d+ >hat >(-- >63A 5+)t =63 h+3 ] and th+ c69n)+--63 h+-<) t6 d3a> 9< a <-an 6= act(6n# Zh+ >6*an )h69-d =++- +*<6>+3+d that th+ act(6n) )h+ ch66)+) >(-- h+-< h+3 t6 3+ach h+3 ;6a-)# 2 46 h6> )h+ =++-)# B =++- t+33(5-+# B An6> h6> 469 =++-# =++-(n;)# 1KDNDE@ LIKEPI@ Zh() () a )t3+))=9- and +*6t(6na- j65# Qta== >h6 <362(d+ c69n)+--(n; n++d t6 \d+_53(+=8 and )ha3+ th+ -6ad# d69 >(-- n6t 5+ a5-+ t6 A++< -()t+n(n; and h+-<(n; 6th+3 <+6<-+ (= 469 a3+ n6t ca3+d =63 4693)+-=` 2 47 7# +8R$N2 9(R &H/ +(*N3/00(R Mn+ 6= th+ 5(;;+)t <365-+*) =63 <+6<-+ >63A(n; (n th+ h+-<(n; 63 ca3(n; <36=+))(6n) () [LIKEPI@R# Zh() can ha<<+n >h+n 469 ;(2+ t66 *9ch 6= 4693)+-= t6 4693 >63A[ 59t d6 n6t An6> h6> t6 taA+ ca3+ 6= 4693 6>n n++d)# B= 469 d6n8t taA+ ca3+ 6= 4693)+-=[ 469 can )ta3t t6 =++-V  Gcha9)t+d  IacA(n; (n *6t(2at(6n  I6)) 6= j65 )at()=act(6n  N+)+nt*+nt 6= th+ >63A that 469 ha2+ t6 d6 O <+6<-+ that 469 >63A >(th  B)6-at(6n =36* c6--+a;9+)  Q(cA $63A(n; >(th >6*+n >h6 a3+ t3a9*at(g+d can 5+ <a3t(c9-a3-4 )t3+))=9-#  Z3a9*a d()63;an()+) ] (t *a4 *aA+ >6*+n =++- *9dd-+d and (nt+3=+3+) (n th+(3 9)9a- >a4) 6= c6<(n;#  Z3a9*a (nt+3=+3+) >(th 3+-at(6n)h(<) and t39)t ] th() *a4 *aA+ (t =++- that (t () ha3d t6 h+-< >6*+n# U6n8t 5-a*+ 4693)+-=#  Z3a9*a *aA+) 469 =++- +cha9)t+d and 62+3>h+-*+d# B= 469 can 3+c6;n()+ th()[ th+n 469 can taA+ )t+<) t6 -66A a=t+3 4693)+-=#  Z34 n6t t6 taA+ 6n t66 *9ch# B= 469 a3+ 62+3>h+-*+d[ 469 >(-- n6t 5+ a5-+ t6 ca3+ =63 4693)+-= 63 th+ >6*+n (n 4693 ca3+#  I66A =63 )(;n) 6= 593n69t ] (n 4693)+-= and 4693 c6--+a;9+) ] th+n 469 can act 5+=63+ (t () t66 -at+# Z34 t6 ;+t 4693 h+a-th =ac(-(t4 63 63;an()at(6n t6 th(nA a569t taA(n; ca3+ 6= th+ )ta==# Zh+ =6--6>(n; <6(nt) *a4 5+ h+-<=9- t6 469V  N+c6;n()+ th+ )t3+))=9- nat93+ 6= 4693 >63A ] >hat a3+ th+ <a3t(c9-a3 )t3+))+) that 469 and 4693 c6--+a;9+) ha2+ t6 d+a- >(th.  Z34 t6 taA+ )6*+ t(*+ t6 th(nA a569t 4693 6>n n++d) ] n6t j9)t th6)+ 6= 4693 c-(+nt)  @+-< t6 d+2+-6< )4)t+*) 6= )9<<63t k=63*a- and (n=63*a-l =63 4693)+-= and 4693 c6--+a;9+)#  Q<+aA t6 th+ -+ad+3)h(< >(th(n th+ h+a-th =ac(-(t4 63 63;an()at(6n )6 that th+4 can <36t+ct and )9<<63t )ta==# 2 8 2 ;# +(N+0*3$(N Zh+ )A(--) and a<<36ach+) t6 c69n)+--(n; that a3+ 69t-(n+d (n th+ <3+2(69) )+ct(6n) ha2+ 5++n 9)+d t6 h+-< *an4 d()t3+))+d >6*+n# Zh() )t634 () =36* a >6*an >h6 3+c+(2+d c69n)+--(n; =36* th+ T+3(nata- 1+nta- @+a-th T36j+ct# Qh+ )h6>) h6> (*<63tant (t () t6 5+ a5-+ t6 t+-- h+3 )t634 and 5+ -()t+n+d t6 >(th69t 5+(n; j9d;+d# 8 =PCaERB B@PKOZ e3UDaXiET aEQ HDiET HDaKQb LO 2FPKia M Zh(n;) a3+ +a)(+3 =63 >6*+n t6da4[ 5+ca9)+ >+ a3+ (nd+<+nd+nt# M93 *6th+3) >+3+ n6t 3+)<+ct+d# Zh+4 d(dn8t ha2+ th+ 3(;ht) >+ ha2+ n6> and d(dn8t ha2+ th+ )a*+ 6<<63t9n(t(+)# Zh+4 >+3+ -(A+ )-a2+)# Zh+)+ da4) (= th+3+ () a <365-+*[ th+3+ () h+-< a2a(-a5-+[ )6*+th(n; that B >a) =63t9nat+ t6 ha2+ >h+n B d()c62+3+d that B >a) )9==+3(n; =36* <6)tnata- d+<3+))(6n# $h+n B =(3)t 5+ca*+ a *6th+3[ B d(dn8t An6> a569t d+<3+)) (6n# f6> B >69-d -(A+ t6 -+t +2+346n+ An6> a569t th() <365-+* )6 that <+6<-+ can )tand 9< and d6 )6*+th(n; a569t (t# B >a) 563n[ 6n+ 6= t>(n)[ (n th+ Da<+ Z6>n Z4;+35+3; @6)<(ta-# 14 <a3+nt) d(263c+d >h+n B >a) 6n-4 t>6 da4) 6-d# S+ca9)+ *4 *6th+3 >a) a-6n+ )h+ c69-dn8t d6 >hat )h+ >a) )9<<6)+d t6 d6 a) a *6th+3 and B ;3+> 9< >(th h+3 =a*(-4# Zh+3+ >a) 3+a--4 n6 6n+ t6 ta-A t6 63 t6 d()c(<-(n+ 9) and B 5+ca*+ <3+;nant at th+ a;+ 6= 14# B ha2+ )9==+3+d d+<3+))(6n )(nc+ th+n# @a2(n; a 5a54 at )9ch an +a3-4 a;+ >a) 3+a-- 4 ha3d# B had t6 -+a2+ )ch66- and >a) =63c+d t6 >63A a) a d6*+)t(c >63A+3[ >h(ch B c69-dn8t 3+a--4 d6 5+ca9)+ B >a) )6 469n;# B t3(+d 2+34 ha3d[ 59t B j9)t c69-dn8t d6 (t# Q6[ B d+c(d+d t6 ;6 5acA t6 )ch66- >h+n *4 5a54 >a) th3+ + 4+a3) 6-d# B <a))+d *4 )tanda3d n(n+[ <+n9-t(*at+ 4+a3 6= 2 2 8 $h+n 469 a3+ d+<3+))+d th+3+ a3+ )6 *an4 th(n;) that a3+ a==+ct(n; 469# d69 *a4 n6t 5+ a5-+ t6 t+-- +cact-4 >hat (t () that () *aA(n; 469 =++- )6 5ad[ 59t j9)t that 469 can8t ; +t 69t =36* th+ =6; 469 a3+ (n# G2+34th(n; can =++- -(A+ (t () j9)t =a--(n; a<a3t[ that n6th(n; () ha<<+n(n; 3(;ht 63 acc63d(n; t6 <-an)# d69 *a4 n6t An6> t6 taA+ (t )+3(69)- 4 >h+n 469 a3+ =(3)t )9==+3(n; =36* (t[ 59t (t () 2+34 (*<63tant t6 add3+)) (t and t6 =(nd a >a4 69t# Zh+3+ a3+ )6 *an4 >6*+n >h6 a3+ d4(n; (n)(d+ =36* th() th(n;# Zh+4 d6n8t An6> h6> t6 d+a- >(th (t 63 h6> t6 c6<+# G2+34th(n; (n th+(3 -(2+) () t93n(n; 9<)(d+ d6>n# Knd th+4 n++d )6*+6n+ >h6 >(-- 9nd+3)tand and n6t j9d;+ th+*# Zhat () >h4 B ta-A a569t th() d+<3+))(6n >(th +2+346n+# B +2+n ta-A t6 *6th+3) B )+ + 6n th+ 59)# B >ant +2+346n+ t6 An6> a569t th() <365-+*# B >ant th+ *6th+3) t6 -()t+n# B= B c69-d ha2+ *4 >a4[ +ach and +2+34 6n+ 6= th+ h6)<(ta-) >69-d ha2+ th+)+ A(nd) 6= c69n)+-63)[ +)<+c(a--4 th+ ;62+3n*+nt h6)<(ta-) >h(ch a3+ =63 +2+3456d4# Zhat >a4 +2+346n+ (nc-9d(n; a-- 5-acA >6*+n[ >h6 3+a--4 d6n8t An6> an4th(n; a569t th() d+<3+))(6n[ c69-d ;+t h+-<# Ent(- that ha<<+n)[ B h6<+ that a-- th+ *6th+3) 69t th+3+[ >h6 a3+ )9==+3(n; =36* <+3(nata- and <6)tnata- d+<3+)) (6n[ >(-- taA+ ca3+ 6= th+*)+-2+) and =(nd )9<<63t# d69 6n-4 -(2+ 6nc+[ and (t d6+) n6t ha2+ t6 5+ a -(=+ =(--+d >(th d+<3+))(6n` 29 3ICCaKO >iT>FiT>@B Z3+ad ca3+=9--4 ] 3+)<+ct <+6<-+8) =++-(n;) and d6 n6t j9d;+# I()t+n ] t6 >hat () 5+(n; )a(d[ h6> (t () +c<3+))+d and t6 >hat () n6t 5+(n; )a(d a-69d# $6*+n *a4 n6t 3+*+*5+3 >hat 469 )a4[ 59t th+4 >(-- 3+*+*5+3 h6> 469 *aA+ th+* =++-# d69 n++d t6 9nd+3)tand 4693 6>n =++-(n;) t6 9nd+3)tand 6th+3)# Z6 taA+ ca3+ 6= 6th+3)[ 469 n++d t6 -66A a=t+3 4693)+-=# 2 2 30 :# R/9/R/N+/3 Sa)(c_c69n)+--(n;_)A(--)#c6* htt<VOO>>>#5a)(c_c69n)+-(n;_)A(--)#c6*Oa)A(n;_L9+)t(6n)#ht*- C/&&7$it6 R#$t*: S#*:t< T8/j#4t UVWWXYV Z3a(n(n; and 3+)693c+ *an9a- =63 c6**9n(t4 ca3+ ;(2+3)[ U+<a3t*+nt 6= T)4ch6-6;4[ En(2+3)(t4 6= U935an $+)t2(--+ Y(5)6n[ e[ Q>a3tg[ I and Qand+n5+3;h[ N k2RR2l C/7$9#::i$+ *$( C/pi$+[ Mc=63d En(2+3)(t4 T3+))[ Da<+ Z6>n Zi5#Zi$#HC<i:(Zi$# [*&iEi* U\]]XYV D6**9n(t4 D69n)+--63 Z3a(n(n; Z66-A(t[ 16d9-+ 2[ Sa)(c D69n)+--(n; QA(--)[ Ta3t(c(<ant 1an9a- >>>#=h(#63;OfNOD69n)+-(n;Z66-A(t16d9-+2Ta3t(c(<ant@b#<d= T#8i$*t*: R#$t*: S#*:t< T8/j#4t U\]V]YV 1at+3na- 1+nta- @+a-th Q+32(c+) d+2+-6<*+nt ;9(d+-(n+) d69th>63A I(nA) and Bd+a)V Bnt36d9ct(6n t6 c69n)+--(n; )A(--) htt<VOO>>>#469th>63A#c6*Oc69n)O(nd(22#ht*-