BISC 210 Microbiology Exam 4 Latest and Updated 2023 Exam, Exams of Microbiology

Download BISC 210 Microbiology Exam 4 Latest and Updated 2023 Exam and more Exams Microbiology in PDF only on Docsity! BISC 210 Microbiology Exam 4 Latest and Updated 2023 Exam The least common route of HIV transmission is A. infected mother to child. B. the rectum. C. intravenous injections with contaminated needles. D. the vagina. E. the mouth. - ANS E. the mouth. Hepatitis viruses B and C are sexually transmitted A. True B. False - ANS A. True All viruses have spikes A. True B. False - ANS B. False Encephalitis is a possible complication of: A. All of these B. Measles virus infection C. None of the above D. Mumps virus infection E. Paramyxovirus infection - ANS A. All of these Hepatitis C virus is associated with liver cancer A. True B. False - ANS A. True Mode of transmission of hepatitis viruses include all but: A. fecal oral route B. Hepatitis virus may be transmitted via all of the above C. blood exposure D. prenatal E. transplant from infected donor - ANS B. Hepatitis virus may be transmitted via all of the above Identify the FALSE statement A. HVB and HVC are transmitted via sexual contact B. Hepatitis B virus is associated with cancer C. All these statements are TRUE D. Hepatitis C is treated with Ribavirin E. Vaccination of adults in high-risk group is used to eliminate hepatitis B virus in the US - ANS C. All these statements are TRUE Which of the following is NOT an example of herpes virus infection A. Lytic B. Latent C. These are all examples of herpes virus infection D. Persistent A. inhibits capping of mRNA B. Ribavirin does all of the above C. is a nucleoside analogue and inhibits nucleoside biosynthesis D. inhibits RNA polymerase E. It targets reverse transcriptase - ANS E. It targets reverse transcriptase This herpes virus family member is a major problem for immunocompromized patients. A. Cytomegalovirus B. HSV-2 C. None of these D. Epstein-Barr Virus E. HSV-1 - ANS A. Cytomegalovirus The picornavirus family of viruses has members that can infect A. All of these B. the liver and therefore hepatitis C. the brain and therefore encephalitis D. the upper respiratory tract E. the heart and therefore myocarditis - ANS A. All of these Which antiviral compound is used to treat flu virus A. Amantidine B. Lamivudine C. Acyclovir D. Interferon E. None of these - ANS A. Amantidine Antibiotics may affect different sites (target sites) on bacteria. One of the most common sites is protein synthesis mechanism of bacteria. Which of the following antibiotics affects protein synthesis mechanism of bacteria? A. Novobiocin B. Quinolone C. Erythromycin D. Rifampin E. Penicillin - ANS C. Erythromycin The reservoir of common cold is: A. Food B. Family pet C. Human D. Fomite - ANS C. Human Protease inhibitors and drugs such as AZT that inhibits reverse transcriptase are effective against: A. HIV B. Flu C. Herpes virus D. Hepatitis - ANS A. HIV How are prions different from all other known infectious agents A. Not all prions can cause disease B. They act as slow viruses C. They lack nucleic acid D. They cause neurological problems E. They cannot reproduce outside the cell - ANS C. They lack nucleic acid Viral envelope is acquired from host cell during viral replication or release A. True B, False - ANS A. True Which statement is false about anti-HIV therapy? A. Single drug therapy is not likely to be effective because of the ability of the HIV to develop drug- resistant mutations B. None of these are false C. Side effects of protease inhibitors include gastrointestinal problems, headache and rash/hives D. Virus-specific enzymes are good targets for anti-HIV drugs E. The drug combinations are rated according to their effect on CD4 cell counts - ANS B. None of these are false The target of most antifungal drug is: A. DNA B. Ribosome C. RNA D. Cell membrane E. Cell Wall - ANS D. Cell membrane Hepatitis C infection can be treated with a good response with which of the following antiviral compounds A. Anus B. Conjunctiva C. Genital tract D. Skin E. all of these - ANS E. all of these Which of the following is not true about viruses? A. All viruses have their own genome B. All viruses rely on host for energy C. All viruses have capsid D. All viruses contain either DNA or RNA but never both E. All of these are true for all viruses - ANS E. All of these are true for all viruses Post exposure prophylaxis for rabies exposure involves A. All of these B. prompt administration of rabies immune globulin C. confirmation that the animal is infected D. thorough cleansing of the wound E. administering 5 doses of rabies vaccine - ANS A. All of these Acidic environment of the vesicles which carry the viruses into the host cells initiate the uncoding process. A. True B. False - ANS A. True Treating which of the following infectious diseases includes post-exposure prophylaxis vaccine A. tuberculosis B. herpes C. leprosy D. rabies E. polio - ANS D. rabies Plasma virus load is the highest during acute (primary) HIV infection A. True B. False - ANS A. True Which of the following has a higher risk of HIV transmission? A. Female to Male B. None of these C. Male to Female - ANS C. Male to Female Which antiviral compound is used to treat Shingles? A. Interferon B. Amantidine C. Lamivudine D. Ribavirin E. Acyclovir - ANS E. Acyclovir A virion is composed of protein and either RNA or DNA A. True B. False - ANS A. True Which of the followings should be performed before initiating treatment of people infected with HIV? A. Plasma HIV RNA count B. Complete blood count C. Complete blood chemistry profile D. CD4+ T-cell count A. A, B, C, D B. D only C. A, B, D D. B, C, D E. A, D - ANS A. A, B, C, D Which of the following statements is FALSE? A. penicillin binding proteins are enzymes B. penicillin binding proteins bind to antibiotics that contain beta lactam ring C. All of these are true of penicillin binding proteins D. penicillin binding proteins are involved in cell wall synthesis E. different bacteria may have different penicillin binding proteins - ANS C. All of these are true of penicillin binding proteins Both OPV and IPV induce secretory antibody (IgA) at a similar rate A. True B. False - ANS B. False Which of the following is not TRUE about the viruses B. Contaminated food, water C. All of the these D. Perinatal E. Transplant from infected donor - ANS C. All of the these This virus travels up the nervous system to penetrate the central nervous system A. Polio virus B. Smallpox C. Herpes virus D. Rabies virus - ANS D. Rabies virus Which of the following is NOT true of rotavirus infection. A. transmitted via fecal-oral route B. contribute to nosocomial infection C. has no cytopatic effect D. highly infectious E. infectious agent survives for hours on hand and other objects - ANS C. has no cytopatic effect Which hepatitis virus [es] is/are acute only A. hepatitis A and E B. hepatitis D C. hepatitis B and C D. hepatitis G E. hepatitis B C and D - ANS A. hepatitis A and E Viruses are sub-microscopic, obligate intracellular parasites A. True B. False - ANS A. True Which hepatitis virus [es] cause[s]cancer A. hepatitis B and C B. hepatitis D only C. hepatitis G only D. hepatitis A only E. hepatitis A and E - ANS A. hepatitis B and C Why is selective toxicity more difficult to obtain with antiviral and antifungal drugs than with antibacterial drugs? Because: A. Bacteria are prokaryotes and different from their host B. fungi and viruses are eukaryotes C. Fungi are too large and viruses are too small D. Fungi are prokaryotes and different from their host - ANS A. Bacteria are prokaryotes and different from their host Two membrane glycoprotein protein are key to the pathogenicity of all_________ A. Herpes viruses B. Rabies viruses C. Paramyxoviruses D. Polioviruses E. Parainfluenza viruses - ANS C. Paramyxoviruses Which of the following inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria? A. Penicilin binding proteins (PBPs) B. Aminoglycoside C. Bacitracin D. Trimethoprim E. Beta-Lactam ring - ANS B. Aminoglycoside Icterus refers to the classic symptoms of: A. Herpes virus infection B. Picornavirus infection C. Hepatitis virus infection D. Polio birus infection - ANS C. Hepatitis virus infection Which of the following is not an example(s) of virus syndromes? A. Liver infection B. Eye infection C. Ear infection D. Lung infection E. Skin rashes - ANS C. Ear infection Lamuvidine and interferon are effective drugs against hepatitis C virus A. True B. False - ANS B. False (hep B) Cell fusion and syncytia formation is an example of: A. Clathrin-coated vesicle E. Ingestion of fecally contaminated water - ANS E. Ingestion of fecally contaminated water Which of the following is true of Amantadine and Rimantadine drugs A. they block the uncoating step in virus replication process B. they are structural analogues for neuraminidase receptor C. they inhibit neuraminidase activity D. they are nucleoside analogues E. None of these are true of these two drugs - ANS A. they block the uncoating step in virus replication process Which one is true for herpesviruses? A. Cytomegalovirus is a herpesvirus that can cause virally induced congenital abnormalities B. Infection with more than one type is uncommon C. Only people who have recurrent lesions are infected with herpes simplex virus D. All of the above - ANS A. Cytomegalovirus is a herpesvirus that can cause virally induced congenital abnormalities The following are true about Epstein-Barr herpesvirus except A. can cause tiredness B. can spread via respiratory tract C. can be symptomless in children D. Majority of people over 40 carry the virus E. can cause lymphomas - ANS B. can spread via respiratory tract Picornaviruses are all of the following EXCEPT: A. Enveloped viruses B. Replicate entirely in cytoplasm C. RNA viruses containing ssRNA molecule D. Small group of viruses - ANS A. Enveloped viruses Which herpes virus is implicated in causing cancer? A. Epstein-Barr virus B. Herpes simplex virus-2 C. Herpes simplex virus-1 D. Herpes zoster E. Cytomegalovirus - ANS A. Epstein-Barr virus An example of a latent viral infection is A. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis B. Cold sores C. Influenza D. Smallpox - ANS B. Cold sores Which of the following is (are) true of transposons? A. All of these B. They can cause mutation C. They transfer resistance genes between plasmids D. None of these - ANS A. All of these Glycoprotein spikes are usually found on nucleocapsid: A. True B. False - ANS B. False (on envelope) This antimicrobial agent binds to sterols in cell membrane, causing leakage of cellular components and cell death. A. Amphotericin B B. Miconozole C. Griseofulvin D. Tetracycline E. None of the above - ANS A. Amphotericin B This antiviral agent is inhibitor of neuroaminidase. A. Tamiflu B. Beta-lactam ring C. Acyclovir D. Rifampicin E. Quinolone - ANS A. Tamiflu Which of the following is true for Chickenpox? A. A vaccine is not available for it B. it is caused by varicella-zoster C. The disease is generally worse in children than adults D. It is caused by vaccinia poxvirus E. The skin vesicular rash is caused by the primary viremia - ANS B. it is caused by varicella-zoster Which one is true for herpesvirus? Which of the following is NOT true of AZT? A. It's a structural analogue B. It inhibits HIV replication C. It inhibits RT synthesis D. All of these are true of drug AZT E. It prevents HIV to attach to its host - ANS E. It prevents HIV to attach to its host Highest concentration of hepatitis B virus is found in: A. blood B. semen C. feces D. serum E. saliva F. breast milk A. A, B, and D B. B, C, and E C. A and B D. C and E E. A and D - ANS E. A and D This does not apply to the viruses A. their contain DNA or RNA but never both B. they use anabolic machinery of the host cell C. they are intracellular obligate parasites D. they all can go under lytic cycle E. they use their own catabolic enzymes - ANS E. they use their own catabolic enzymes A one step virus growth curve is A. attachment, rise, release, eclipse, yield B. adsorption, penetration, rise, eclipse, release C. absorption, release, eclipse, rise, yield D. adsorption, penetration, eclipse, rise, release E. absorption, adsorption, eclipse, rise, release - ANS D. adsorption, penetration, eclipse, rise, release Unlike with the case with bacteria, viral protein synthesis is an appropriate target for antiviral drugs. A. True B. False - ANS B. False An envelope is acquired during which of the following steps? A. Penetration B. Adsorption C. Uncoating D. Release - ANS D. Release Which statement is NOT true of rabies virus? A. Post-exposure vaccination is possible because of the long time-lag between infection and development of neurological symptoms B. Spread of the virus to the brain involves a generalized viremia C. The virus is normally transmitted to humans by animal bites or scratches D. Infection is 100% fatal if symptoms commence E. It is an infection of both animals and humans. - ANS B. Spread of the virus to the brain involves a generalized viremia All of the following are Herpesviruses or are caused by Herpesviruses except A. Cytomegalovirus B. Roseola virus C. Varicella zoster D. Mononucleosis E. Rubeola virus - ANS E. Rubeola virus Hepatitis B chronic infection in neonates and infants usually results in all of the following except A. cancer B. asymptomatic infection C. cirrhosis D. persistent hepatitis E. fulminant hepatitis - ANS E. fulminant hepatitis Which herpesvirus is most commonly latent in the sacral plexus A. herpes zoster B. herpes simplex virus-2 C. human herpes-8 Kaposi's sarcoma D. human herpes-7 E. cytomegalovirus - ANS B. herpes simplex virus-2 Latent viruses are present in cells as A. Capsids B. Enzymes Polio virus enters the body via A. infected blood B. skin C. contaminated water D. respiratory system - ANS C. contaminated water Complete blood count and lipid profile must be done before initiating any HIV infection treatment A. True B. False - ANS A. True The main mode of transmission of Hepatitis C is A. iatrogenic B. unknown C. injecting drug use D. sexual transmission E. transfusion of blood - ANS C. injecting drug use Which statement is true about HIV pathogenesis? A. HIV is detected in the lymph node during clinical latency B. Low titers of HIV are detected in the blood during clinical latency C. Severity of the disease manifestations correlate with the number of CD4+ T-cells remaining during symptomatic stage D. HIV virions are seeded throughout the lymphoid organs during acute or primary infection E. All of these - ANS E. All of these Proper evaluation of HIV patients DOES NOT include: A. Complete blood chemistry B. CD4 T-cell count C. Complete blood count D. Proper evaluation of HIV patients includes all of these E. Complete history F. Complete physical - ANS D. Proper evaluation of HIV patients includes all of these Which of the following is FALSE of Hepatitis Infections? A. Hepatitis B virus is also called serum hepatitis B. Hepatitis C virus is associated with highest incidence of chronic infections C. Hepatitis B virus can cause cancer D. Hepatitis B virus is present in highest concentration in semen and vaginal secretion E. Hepatitis A is transmitted via fecal-oral route - ANS D. Hepatitis B virus is present in highest concentration in semen and vaginal secretion Type of virus-cell interactions, which results in cytophatic effects (CPE), manifest itself in which of the following form(s): A. Alteration of nuclear structure B. All of these could be manifestation of CPE C. Cell fusion D. Syncytia formation E. Enlargement of cytoplasm - ANS B. All of these could be manifestation of CPE Protease inhibitors inhibit posttranscriptional modification of viral proteins A. True B. False - ANS B. False *(posttranslational)*