Autumn Examinations 2008/2009: Evolutionary Developmental Zoology Exam, Exams of Zoology

Download Autumn Examinations 2008/2009: Evolutionary Developmental Zoology Exam and more Exams Zoology in PDF only on Docsity! Autumn Examinations 2008/2009 Exam Code(s) 3BS, 3MR Exam(s) Third Undenominated Science, Third Marine Science Module Code(s) Z0313 Module(s) Evolutionary Developmental Zoology Paper No. I External Examiner(s) Professor C. Holland Internal Examiner(s) Professor W. Arthur *Dr. G. McCormack Dr. U. Frank Instructions: Answer 4 questions Duration 3 hrs No. of Pages 2 Department(s) Zoology 1. Write an essay on species concepts, describing at least four. 2. In a study of individual oysters (Crassostrea gigas) that were homozygous and heterozygous for the Sod 1 and Sod 2 alleles of the superdismutase locus, the following results were obtained. Genotype Sod1Sod1 Sod1Sod2 Sod2Sod2 Numbers of individuals 60 331 129 Answer the following questions: a. What are the frequencies of the three genotypes? b. What are the frequencies of p and q? c. What is the value of the χ2 test statistic? d. Are the oysters in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? e. What is the probability of getting the value of the test statistic that you calculated by random chance if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? See table of values at the end of the exam paper below. 3. What is Maximum Parsimony? Describe how it is used to reconstruct phylogenetic trees from DNA sequence data.