Prof. Mark J. Boone's Logic Study: Deductive & Inductive Methods, Fallacies Overview - Pro, Study notes of Reasoning

Download Prof. Mark J. Boone's Logic Study: Deductive & Inductive Methods, Fallacies Overview - Pro and more Study notes Reasoning in PDF only on Docsity! Professor Mark J. Boone PHI 1306.07: Intro to Logic BIG PICTURE study sheet Definitions Logic is the study of methods for evaluating whether the premises of an argument adequately support its conclusion. Validity is the quality of an argument in which the conclusion must be true if the premises are true. Strength is the quality of an argument in which the conclusion is probably true if the premises are true. Deductive logic is the study of methods for testing whether an argument is valid. Inductive logic is the study of methods for testing whether an argument is strong. An immediate inference is an argument in which a conclusion is based on just one premise. A term is distributed in a categorical statement if the statement says something about every member of the class denoted by the term. Basic methods method method does works on appears in Counterexample method tests for invalidity some invalid arguments with a tight form 1.2 Famous forms tests for validity and invalidity any argument using one of the famous forms 1.3 Methods pertaining to categorical logic method method does works on appears in The method of immediate inferences tests for validity and invalidity immediate inferences using categorical statements 5.2, 5.3 Mood and figure of categorical syllogisms tests for validity and invalidity any categorical syllogism in standard form 6.1 Venn diagrams for categorical statements tests for validity and invalidity immediate inferences using categorical statements (but only when we assume the modern standpoint!) 6.2 Venn diagrams for categorical tests for validity and any categorical syllogism in standard form (but only when we assume the 6.3 Professor Mark J. Boone PHI 1306.07: Intro to Logic BIG PICTURE study sheet syllogisms invalidity modern standpoint!) The five rules tests for validity and invalidity any categorical syllogism in standard form (but only when we assume the modern standpoint!) 6.7 Methods using symbolic logic method method does works on appears in Full truth table method tests for validity and invalidity any symbolic argument in standard form 7.3 Abbreviated truth table method tests for validity and invalidity any symbolic argument in standard form 7.4 Direct proof proves validity most symbolic valid argument in standard form 8.1-8.3 Conditional proof proves validity any symbolic valid argument in standard form 8.4 Reductio ad absurdum proof prove validity any symbolic valid argument in standard form 8.5 Methods (mostly) pertaining to inductive logic method Method does works on appears in Using definitions identifies merely verbal disputes, persuasive definitions, and equivocations merely verbal disputes; persuasive definitions and equivocations in some inductive and in some deductive arguments 3.2, 3.3 Informal fallacies tests for weakness many inductive arguments 4-1, 4.2, 4.3 Analyzing arguments from tests for weakness and arguments from authority 10.2