BIOD103 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEW Q & A 2024, Exams of Microbiology

Download BIOD103 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEW Q & A 2024 and more Exams Microbiology in PDF only on Docsity! BIOD103 Medical Terminology Final Exam Review Q & A 2024 1. What term describes the surgical removal of the gallbladder? A. Nephrectomy B. Cholecystectomy C. Hepatectomy D. Splenectomy Answer: B. Cholecystectomy Rationale: The term 'cholecystectomy' specifically refers to the surgical removal of the gallbladder, aligning with the medical terminology for this procedure. 2. Which term refers to inflammation of the joints? A. Dermatitis B. Arthritis C. Myocarditis D. Hepatitis Answer: B. Arthritis Rationale: 'Arthritis' is the correct term for inflammation of the joints, where 'arthr-' refers to joints and '-itis' denotes inflammation. 3. The prefix 'brady-' indicates what kind of heart rate? A. Fast B. Slow C. Irregular D. Strong Answer: B. Slow Rationale: In medical terminology, 'brady-' means slow, and when referring to heart rate, 'bradycardia' indicates a slower than normal heart rate. 4. What is the medical term for high blood pressure? A. Hypotension B. Hypertension C. Hyperglycemia D. Hyperthermia Answer: B. Hypertension Rationale: 'Hypertension' is the term used to describe high blood pressure, with 'hyper-' indicating high and 'tension' referring to pressure. 13. 'Dysphagia' is the medical term for: A. Difficulty breathing B. Difficulty swallowing C. Painful urination D. Excessive thirst Answer: B. Difficulty swallowing Rationale: 'Dysphagia' refers to difficulty in swallowing, with 'dys-' indicating a problem or difficulty and 'phagia' relating to eating or swallowing. 14. Which term refers to the death of tissue due to lack of blood supply? A. Necrosis B. Stenosis C. Apoptosis D. Hypertrophy Answer: A. Necrosis Rationale: 'Necrosis' is the term used to describe the death of tissue resulting from a lack of blood supply. 15. The suffix '-plasty' is used in medical terms to indicate what? A. Measurement B. Repair or reconstruction C. Study of D. Inflammation Answer: B. Repair or reconstruction Rationale: The suffix '-plasty' denotes repair or reconstruction, often used in terms related to surgical procedures that restore or reshape body parts. Which term refers to inflammation of the liver? A. Hepatitis B. Arthritis C. Nephritis D. Bronchitis Answer: A. Hepatitis Rationale: Hepatitis specifically denotes inflammation of the liver, often caused by viral infections, toxins, or autoimmune diseases. What is the medical term for high blood pressure? A. Hyperglycemia B. Hypotension C. Hypertension D. Hypoxia Answer: C. Hypertension Rationale: Hypertension is the condition characterized by elevated blood pressure levels, which can lead to various cardiovascular complications if left untreated. Which of the following describes a condition where the heart muscle does not receive enough blood flow? A. Myocardial infarction B. Aneurysm C. Arrhythmia D. Angina pectoris Answer: D. Angina pectoris Rationale: Angina pectoris refers to chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, often due to coronary artery disease. What is the term for a surgical incision into the trachea? A. Tracheotomy B. Laryngoscopy C. Bronchoscopy D. Thoracentesis Answer: A. Tracheotomy Rationale: Tracheotomy is a surgical procedure involving an incision into the trachea to establish an airway for breathing. Which condition is characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs? A. Pneumothorax B. Pleural effusion C. Emphysema D. Pulmonary embolism Answer: B. Pleural effusion Rationale: Pleural effusion refers to the buildup of excess fluid between the layers of the pleura surrounding the lungs. What term describes a rapid and irregular heart rhythm? A. Bradycardia B. Tachycardia C. Atrial fibrillation D. Ventricular tachycardia Answer: C. Atrial fibrillation Rationale: Atrial fibrillation is a common type of arrhythmia characterized by rapid and irregular beating of the heart's upper chambers. Which of the following conditions involves the abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland? A. Goiter B. Cystitis C. Otitis media D. Glaucoma Answer: A. Goiter Rationale: Goiter refers to the abnormal swelling or enlargement of the thyroid gland, often due to iodine deficiency or thyroid disorders. What is the term for a chronic inflammatory lung disease characterized by obstructed airflow? A. Asthma B. Pneumonia C. Tuberculosis D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Answer: D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Rationale: COPD is a progressive lung disease that makes it difficult to breathe due to airflow obstruction and other respiratory symptoms. Which procedure involves the surgical removal of the appendix? A. Appendectomy B. Cholecystectomy C. Colectomy D. Nephrectomy Answer: A. Appendectomy Rationale: Appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix, often 2. What is the term for the study of the structure and function of the human body? A. Pathology B. Physiology C. Pharmacology D. Anatomy Answer: D. Anatomy Rationale: Anatomy involves studying the body's structure, while physiology focuses on its function. 3. Which term describes the process of producing a visual image of the body using ultrasound? A. Radiography B. Electrocardiography C. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) D. Sonography Answer: D. Sonography Rationale: Sonography uses sound waves to create images of the body. 4. Which medical term refers to the inflammation of the appendix? A. Appendectomy B. Appendicitis C. Appendicolith D. Appendicular Answer: B. Appendicitis Rationale: Appendicitis is the medical term for inflammation of the appendix. 5. What term is used to describe the surgical removal of a portion of the colon? A. Gastrectomy B. Colectomy C. Colostomy D. Colonoscopy Answer: B. Colectomy Rationale: Colectomy refers to the removal of a portion of the colon. 6. Which term describes the abnormal forward curvature of the spine? A. Scoliosis B. Lordosis C. Kyphosis D. Osteoporosis Answer: A. Scoliosis Rationale: Scoliosis is the abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. 7. What is the medical term for high blood pressure? A. Hyperglycemia B. Hypertension C. Hypoglycemia D. Hyperlipidemia Answer: B. Hypertension Rationale: Hypertension refers to high blood pressure. 8. Which term describes the process of drawing blood from a vein? A. Phlebotomy B. Venipuncture C. Intravenous (IV) injection D. ECG (Electrocardiogram) Answer: A. Phlebotomy Rationale: Phlebotomy involves the process of drawing blood from a vein for testing or donation. 9. What is the medical term for the accumulation of fluid in the lungs? A. Pneumonia B. Pleural effusion C. Pulmonary embolism D. Bronchitis Answer: B. Pleural effusion Rationale: Pleural effusion refers to the accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs. 10. Which term refers to a type of bacteria that can cause food poisoning? A. E. coli B. Streptococcus C. Staphylococcus D. Salmonella Answer: D. Salmonella Rationale: Salmonella is a type of bacteria known to cause food poisoning. 11. What does the medical term "angioplasty" refer to? A. Surgical removal of the appendix B. Balloon catheter procedure to open blocked blood vessels C. Surgery to repair a hernia D. Removal of a section of the colon Answer: B. Balloon catheter procedure to open blocked blood vessels Rationale: Angioplasty involves using a balloon catheter to open blocked blood vessels. 12. What is the term for the condition characterized by an abnormal increase in red blood cells? A. Leukocytosis B. Anemia C. Thrombocytopenia D. Polycythemia Answer: D. Polycythemia Rationale: Polycythemia refers to an abnormal increase in red blood cells. 13. Which term describes the process of listening to sounds within the body using a stethoscope? A. Palpation B. Percussion C. Auscultation examination under a microscope? A. Biopsy B. Incision C. Excision D. Aspiration Answer: A. Biopsy Rationale: Biopsy involves taking a tissue sample for examination under a microscope. 22. What is the term for a type of inherited disorder that affects the body's ability to clot blood? A. Hemophilia B. Thrombocytopenia C. Anemia D. Leukemia Answer: A. Hemophilia Rationale: Hemophilia is an inherited disorder that affects blood clotting. 23. Which term describes the process of recording electrical activity in the heart? A. Electroencephalography (EEG) B. Echocardiography C. Electrocardiography (ECG) D. Electromyography (EMG) Answer: C. Electrocardiography (ECG) Rationale: ECG records the electrical activity of the heart. 24. What is the term for a substance that causes an allergic reaction? A. Antibiotic B. Antigen C. Histamine D. Steroid Answer: B. Antigen Rationale: An antigen is a substance that triggers an immune response. 25. Which term describes the process of measuring the oxygen level in the blood? A. Spirometry B. Oximetry C. Venipuncture D. Arterial blood gas (ABG) Answer: B. Oximetry Rationale: Oximetry measures the oxygen level in the blood. 26. What is the term for the medical specialty that focuses on the care of older adults? A. Geriatrics B. Pediatrics C. Obstetrics D. Psychiatry Answer: A. Geriatrics Rationale: Geriatrics is the branch of medicine that focuses on the care of older adults. 27. Which term describes the process of using a scope to visualize the inside of the colon? A. Fluoroscopy B. Colonoscopy C. Cystoscopy D. Endoscopy Answer: B. Colonoscopy Rationale: Colonoscopy involves using a scope to visualize the inside of the colon. 28. What is the term for a medical device used to support a fractured bone during healing? A. Splint B. Cast C. Traction D. Sling Answer: B. Cast Rationale: A cast is a medical device used to support a fractured bone during healing. 29. Which term describes the process of using a thin needle to remove fluid from a joint for testing or relief? A. Arthrocentesis B. Aspiration C. Incision D. Excision Answer: A. Arthrocentesis Rationale: Arthrocentesis involves using a thin needle to remove fluid from a joint. 30. What is the term for the surgical removal of a kidney? A. Nephrectomy B. Nephrolithiasis C. Nephropathy D. Nephrosis Answer: A. Nephrectomy Rationale: Nephrectomy refers to the surgical removal of a kidney.