Male Reproductive System: Structure and Functions, Exams of Microbiology

Download Male Reproductive System: Structure and Functions and more Exams Microbiology in PDF only on Docsity! BIOD152 HUMAN A & P Module 6 Final Exam Review Q & A 2024 1. Which of the following structures is responsible for the production of sperm in males? A. Ovary B. Epididymis C. Testes D. Uterus Answer: C. Testes Rationale: The testes are responsible for the production of sperm through a process called spermatogenesis. 2. What is the primary function of the female reproductive system? A. Production of eggs B. Production of hormones C. Gestation of the fetus D. All of the above Answer: D. All of the above Rationale: The female reproductive system is responsible for the production of eggs, production of hormones, and gestation of the fetus. 3. Where does fertilization typically occur in the female reproductive system? A. Ovary B. Uterus C. Fallopian tube D. Cervix Answer: C. Fallopian tube Rationale: Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tube where the egg and sperm meet. 4. Which of the following hormones is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics? A. Testosterone B. Estrogen C. Progesterone D. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Answer: A. Testosterone Rationale: Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics. D. Bulbourethral glands Answer: B. Seminal vesicles Rationale: The seminal vesicles produce seminal fluid, which mixes with sperm to form semen. 13. Which of the following hormones is responsible for the thickening of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle? A. Estrogen B. Progesterone C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D. Luteinizing hormone (LH) Answer: B. Progesterone Rationale: Progesterone is responsible for thickening the uterine lining to prepare for a potential pregnancy. 14. Which of the following structures is responsible for the development and maturation of eggs in females? A. Ovary B. Uterus C. Fallopian tube D. Cervix Answer: A. Ovary Rationale: The ovary is responsible for developing and maturing eggs through the process of oogenesis. 15. Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating the growth and development of ovarian follicles in females? A. Estrogen B. Progesterone C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D. Luteinizing hormone (LH) Answer: C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Rationale: FSH stimulates the growth and development of ovarian follicles in preparation for ovulation. 16. Which of the following is the function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system? A. Production of sperm B. Storage of sperm C. Transportation of sperm D. Production of hormones Answer: C. Transportation of sperm Rationale: The vas deferens is responsible for transporting sperm from the epididymis to the urethra during ejaculation. 17. Which of the following hormones is responsible for the shedding of the uterine lining during menstruation? A. Estrogen B. Progesterone C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D. Luteinizing hormone (LH) Answer: A. Estrogen Rationale: Estrogen is responsible for stimulating the shedding of the uterine lining during menstruation. 18. Which of the following structures is responsible for the release of sperm into the female reproductive tract during ejaculation? A. Epididymis B. Seminal vesicles C. Prostate gland D. Bulbourethral glands Answer: C. Prostate gland Rationale: The prostate gland releases sperm into the female reproductive tract during ejaculation. 19. Which of the following is the function of the fallopian tube in the female reproductive system? A. Production of eggs B. Secretion of hormones C. Transportation of sperm D. Site of fertilization Answer: D. Site of fertilization Rationale: The fallopian tube is the site of fertilization where the egg and sperm meet to form a zygote. 20. Which of the following hormones is responsible for maintaining the uterine lining during pregnancy? A. Estrogen B. Progesterone C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D. Luteinizing hormone (LH) Answer: B. Progesterone Rationale: Progesterone is responsible for maintaining the uterine lining to support the growth of the fetus during pregnancy. 21. Which of the following structures is responsible for the formation of sperm cells in males? A. Epididymis B. Seminal vesicles C. Vas deferens D. Seminiferous tubules Answer: D. Seminiferous tubules Rationale: The seminiferous tubules in the testes are responsible for the formation of sperm cells through spermatogenesis. 22. Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating the release of an egg during ovulation in females? A. Estrogen B. Progesterone C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D. Luteinizing hormone (LH) Answer: D. Luteinizing hormone (LH) Rationale: LH triggers the release of an egg from the mature ovarian follicle during ovulation. 23. Which of the following is the function of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system? A. Production of sperm B. Storage of sperm C. Secretion of seminal fluid D. Secretion of testosterone Answer: C. Secretion of seminal fluid Rationale: The prostate gland secretes seminal fluid, which helps nourish and protect sperm during ejaculation. C) Prostate gland D) Interstitial cells of Leydig Answer: D) Interstitial cells of Leydig Rationale: Interstitial cells of Leydig, located in the testes, are responsible for the production of testosterone, a key hormone in male reproductive function. Question: In females, which structure is responsible for the production of progesterone after ovulation? A) Ovary B) Fallopian tube C) Endometrium D) Corpus luteum Answer: D) Corpus luteum Rationale: The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure formed in the ovary after ovulation, responsible for producing progesterone. Question: Sperm cells are produced in which specific region of the male reproductive system? A) Seminiferous tubules B) Vas deferens C) Bulbourethral glands D) Cowper's glands Answer: A) Seminiferous tubules Rationale: Sperm cells are produced in the seminiferous tubules within the testes through the process of spermatogenesis. Question: What is the function of the fimbriae in the female reproductive system? A) Ovulation B) Menstruation C) Egg implantation D) Sperm production Answer: A) Ovulation Rationale: The fimbriae are finger-like projections at the end of the fallopian tube that help capture the released egg during ovulation. Question: Which hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty? A) Testosterone B) Estrogen C) Progesterone D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Answer: A) Testosterone Rationale: Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics such as facial hair and deepening of the voice. Question: What is the primary function of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system? A) Production of sperm B) Secretion of alkaline fluid C) Storage of sperm D) Maturation of sperm Answer: B) Secretion of alkaline fluid Rationale: The prostate gland secretes an alkaline fluid that helps neutralize acidic vaginal secretions, providing a suitable environment for sperm survival. Question: Which hormone is responsible for triggering ovulation in the female menstrual cycle? A) Progesterone B) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) C) Luteinizing hormone (LH) D) Estrogen Answer: C) Luteinizing hormone (LH) Rationale: Luteinizing hormone (LH) surge triggers ovulation by causing the release of the mature egg from the ovary. Question: What is the role of the epididymis in the male reproductive system? A) Production of sperm B) Storage and maturation of sperm C) Secretion of testosterone D) Transport of sperm to the urethra Answer: B) Storage and maturation of sperm Rationale: The epididymis stores and allows for the maturation of sperm after they leave the testes. Question: Which structure in the female reproductive system is shed during menstruation? A) Ovary B) Fallopian tube C) Endometrium D) Cervix Answer: C) Endometrium Rationale: The endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus, is shed during menstruation in the absence of pregnancy. Question: Where does fertilization of the egg typically occur in the female reproductive system? A) Ovary B) Uterus C) Fallopian tube D) Cervix Answer: C) Fallopian tube Rationale: Fertilization of the egg by sperm usually occurs in the fallopian tube before the fertilized egg travels to the uterus for implantation. Question: Which hormone is responsible for the thickening of the endometrium in preparation for potential embryo implantation? A) Estrogen B) Progesterone C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D) Luteinizing hormone (LH) Answer: B) Progesterone Rationale: Progesterone is crucial for preparing and maintaining the endometrium for implantation following ovulation. Question: What is the purpose of the Cowper's glands in the male reproductive system? A) Production of sperm B) Secretion of testosterone Question: Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for the transport and storage of sperm before ejaculation? A) Epididymis B) Seminal vesicles C) Prostate gland D) Vas deferens Answer: A) Epididymis Rationale: The epididymis functions in the storage and maturation of sperm before they are ejaculated during sexual activity. Question: In females, which hormone is responsible for the development of the ovarian follicles? A) Progesterone B) Estrogen C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D) Luteinizing hormone (LH) Answer: C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Rationale: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the growth and development of ovarian follicles containing the eggs. Question: What is the primary function of the bulbourethral glands in the male reproductive system? A) Production of sperm B) Secretion of testosterone C) Lubrication of the urethra D) Neutralization of vaginal acidity Answer: C) Lubrication of the urethra Rationale: The bulbourethral glands produce a clear mucus-like fluid that lubricates the urethra before ejaculation. Question: Which structure in the female reproductive system is responsible for the storage and maturation of eggs? A) Ovary B) Fallopian tube C) Uterus D) Cervix Answer: A) Ovary Rationale: The ovaries are responsible for the storage and maturation of eggs before they are released during ovulation. Question: What is the role of the endometrium in the female reproductive system? A) Production of eggs B) Menstruation C) Implantation of the embryo D) Hormone secretion Answer: C) Implantation of the embryo Rationale: The endometrium provides a site for embryo implantation and supports the developing fetus during pregnancy. Question: Which hormone is responsible for the development of the mammary glands in preparation for breastfeeding? A) Progesterone B) Estrogen C) Prolactin D) Oxytocin Answer: C) Prolactin Rationale: Prolactin is the hormone responsible for the development of the mammary glands and milk production in preparation for breastfeeding. Question: What is the primary function of the luteinizing hormone (LH) in the female reproductive system? A) Stimulate ovulation B) Promote endometrial growth C) Inhibit estrogen production D) Induce menstruation Answer: A) Stimulate ovulation Rationale: Luteinizing hormone (LH) surge triggers ovulation by causing the release of the mature egg from the ovary. Question: During which stage of the menstrual cycle does the corpus luteum form? A) Menstruation B) Ovulation C) Proliferative phase D) Secretory phase Answer: B) Ovulation Rationale: The corpus luteum forms in the ovary after ovulation, following the release of the egg. Question: Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for the alkaline secretion that helps neutralize acidic vaginal secretions? A) Epididymis B) Seminal vesicles C) Prostate gland D) Vas deferens Answer: C) Prostate gland Rationale: The prostate gland secretes an alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acidic environment of the vagina, promoting sperm survival. Question: In females, which hormone is responsible for the thickening of cervical mucus to facilitate sperm transport? A) Progesterone B) Estrogen C) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D) Luteinizing hormone (LH) Answer: B) Estrogen Rationale: Estrogen plays a role in thickening cervical mucus, aiding sperm transport through the female reproductive tract. Question: What is the primary function of the fallopian tubes in the female reproductive system? A) Menstrual flow B) Ovulation C) Fertilization D) Implantation Answer: C) Fertilization Rationale: The fallopian tubes are the site where fertilization of the egg by sperm typically occurs before the fertilized egg travels to the uterus for implantation. the zona pellucida of the egg, allowing for fertilization. 8. During the menstrual cycle, a surge in which hormone triggers ovulation? - A) Estrogen - B) Progesterone - C) Luteinizing hormone (LH) - D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Answer: C) Luteinizing hormone (LH) Rationale: A surge in LH levels, induced by rising estrogen levels, triggers ovulation—the release of an egg from the ovary. 9. Which of the following best describes the function of the vas deferens? - A) Production of sperm - B) Secretion of seminal fluid - C) Transport of sperm from the epididymis to the urethra - D) Maturation of sperm Answer: C) Transport of sperm from the epididymis to the urethra Rationale: The vas deferens is a muscular tube that transports mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra for ejaculation. 10. What is the significance of the blood-testis barrier? - A) It regulates the temperature of the testes - B) It protects sperm antigens from the immune system - C) It provides nutrients to developing sperm - D) It facilitates the hormonal control of spermatogenesis Answer: B) It protects sperm antigens from the immune system Rationale: The blood-testis barrier isolates the seminiferous tubules from the immune system, preventing an autoimmune response against the haploid sperm cells. 11. Which hormone stimulates the growth and development of ovarian follicles? - A) Testosterone - B) Estrogen - C) Progesterone - D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Answer: D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Rationale: FSH is responsible for stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles, each containing an egg, during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.