BIOL 133 Exam 1- Chapters 1-6, Exams of Biology

Download BIOL 133 Exam 1- Chapters 1-6 and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity! BIOL 133 Exam 1- Chapters 1-6 Part 1 of 1 Exam 1- Chapters664291 Part 1 of 1 - 83.33/ 100.0 Points Question 1 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Molecules move from a high to low concentration in • A. isotonic solutions • B. hypotonic solutions • C. hypertonic solutions • D. diffusion • E. osmosis Feedback: Correct Question 2 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Enzymes are catalysts in reactions. What statements describe functions of enzymes? Select all that apply. A. Enzymes are specific in their actions. B. Once an enzyme binds to a substrate, it cannot be used again. C. Enzymes lower the energy of activation needed for a reaction D. Enzymes change the amount of free energy produced E. Enzyme activity can be affected by temperature. • B. dissecting • C. transmission electron • D. scanning electron Feedback: Correct Question 9 of 40 0.0/ 2.5 Points Which is an example of a hypothesis that can explain the observation, flashlight does not work? • A. The batteries are dead or the bulb is burned out. • B. Replacing the batteries will make the flashlight work. • C. The batteries are dead. • D. If the bulb is replaced will the flashlight work? Feedback: Learning Objective: Summarize the steps of the scientific method Question 10 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points In biological macromolecules like proteins, the hydrophobic residues tend to clump together in the interior of the folded structure. What is the best explanation for why this occurs? • A. Polar residues tend to bind to water in the cytoplasm as well as to each other. The water and polar residues cannot bind to the hydrophobic ones, so in the lowest energy state the hydrophobic residues are pushed together in the middle. • B. Hydrophobic residues bind each other, while polar residues cannot bind each other. Therefore the hydrophobic ones end up stuck to each other in the core of the protein. • C. Protein folding machinery interprets the amino acid code to pack hydrophobic residues into the center of proteins. This process must be important, because the cell expends large amounts of ATP to precisely coordinate protein folding. • D. Hydrophobic residues bind to each other in specific ways. For instance, Ala forms di- methyl bonds, and phenylalanine binds isoleucine. This creates a tightly bound hydrophobic inner core. Question 11 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points What protein is matched with its function? • A. aquaporins – move water through the membrane by active transport • B. carrier protein – nonspecific and will allow material to pass directly through • C. channel protein – allow passage of material through the hydrophilic pore • D. transport proteins – allow passage of material with the aid of ATP Feedback: Correct Question 12 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points What molecule(s) could diffuse across the plasma membrane? • A. disaccharides • B.Fe2+ • C. tryptophan amino acid • D. CH4 Feedback: Correct Question 13 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points How does the sodium-potassium pump make the interior of the cell negatively charged? • A. by expelling anions • B. by pulling in anions • C. by expelling more cations than are taken in • D. by taking in and expelling an equal number of cations Feedback: Correct Question 14 of 40 0.0/ 2.5 Points Indicate the statements that support the relationship between protein and structure. A. A protein that unfolds or is incorrectly folded can use chaperones to correct the structure. B. when some proteins are denatured, with return of the normal environmental conditions they might refold. C. A proteins final shape is determined by the secondary structure. D. pH, temperature and agitation can denature proteins rendering them active. E. A disease may occur if proteins do not fold correctly. Feedback: Incorrect, give this question a try again Question 15 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points What examples describe the second law of thermodynamics? Select all that apply. A. A penny will fall when you pick it up and let it drop. massive amounts of water. On the other hand, the same CFTR channel is mutated in cystic fibrosis patients. With activity too LOW, they lack chloride flow and mucus builds up in the lungs. This illustrates the importance of precise control of channel opening, known as regulation. • A. gated • B. ungated • C. passive Feedback: Correct Question 21 of 40 0.83/ 2.5 Points Which molecules would dissolve in water based on polarity? Select the 3 that apply. A. CH4 B. C2H6 C. C6H6 D. CH3CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2OH E. C5H10O5 Feedback: 2.3 Discuss hydrocarbons, including isomers, enantiomers, and functional groups Bloomcode: Application Question 22 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points If sodium does not move down its gradient in the co-transport pump, what would be the outcome? • A. Sugar would not be affected • E D B C A B. Sugar would not be able to move down the gradient • C. Sugar would not be able to move up the gradient Feedback: Correct Question 23 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Organisms must use macromolecules that have properties to match their functional requirements. In the list below, choose the appropriate macromolecule whose properties meet the requirement. A. RNA B. starch C. glycogen D. DNA E. cellulose 1. Requirement: Strong cell walls Properties: Linear polymer rigid and strong 2. Requirement Stable storage of information Properties: 4 base pairs, not easily hydrolyzed 3. Requirement: Energy storage for seeds Properties: Energy-rich polysaccharides 4. Requirement: Short-term energy storage (animals) Properties: Energy-rich polysaccharide 5. Requirement: Transient transmission of information Properties: 4 base pairs, easily hydrolyzed Feedback: Correct Question 24 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points When the solute concentration in solution 1 is lower than the solute concentration in solution 2, solution 2 is • A. isotonic • B. hypotonic • C. hypertonic Feedback: Correct Question 25 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points To break chemical bonds to start a chemical reaction, energy is needed. • A. kinetic • B. potential • C. activation • D. free Feedback: Correct Question 26 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Plants, fungi and bacteria all have what similarity? • A. central vacuole • B. centrioles • C. centrosomes • D. Cellulose is very difficult to break down into glucose, but it contains a lot of energy. Feedback: Correct Question 32 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points You and your roommate are grocery shopping. “I don’t get it,” she says. “My doctor said I should buy this special milk because I don’t digest it well. But this brand says ‘lactose-free’ and this brand says ‘lactase added’ – which do I want?” You reply: “The is a sugar in milk that you have trouble digesting, and is an enzyme that will digest it for you. • A. lactase, lactose • B. lactose,lactase Feedback: Correct! Question 33 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points What are actin filaments? • A. Cytoskeletal structures of a cell. • B. Modified plasma membranes of a cell. • C. Interconnected membranous sacs of a cell. • D. Darkened areas in the nucleus of a cell. Feedback: Correct Question 34 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points The building blocks of nucleic acids are • A. sugars. • B. peptides. • C. nitrogenous bases. • D. nucleotides. Feedback: Correct! Question 35 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points What factors allow a pool of 20 amino acids to produce thousands of unique proteins? (Select the 3 that apply.) A. variation in length of amino acid backbone B. each protein is encoded by a distinct gene C. variation in tertiary structure D. variations in which amino acids are used E. variations in glycosidic linkage F. variations in the type of peptide bond Question 36 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points The cell theory states • A. all cells will contain DNA, all cells are the smallest living things that can divide and all organisms are composed of cells • B. all organisms are composed of multiple cells, all cells arise spontaneously and all cells require nutrients • C. all cells are the smallest living things, all organisms are composed of one or more cells and all cells arise spontaneously • D. all organisms are composed of one or more cells, all cells are the smallest living things and all cells arise from other cells Feedback: Correct Question 37 of 40 2.5/ 2.5 Points Researchers are working to develop biofuels to free us from dependence on fossil fuels. Based on what you know about cellulose, what do you predict are the major advantage and disadvantage of using cellulose-rich plant material as biofuel? • A. There is not much energy in the glycosidic bonds of cellulose, but at least there is a lot of it. • B. There is not much energy in the peptide bonds of cellulose, but at least it is very easy to break down • C. The breakdown of cellulose into fructose is an endergonic reaction, but an enzyme can reverse the equilibrium. • D. Cellulose is very difficult to break down into glucose, but it contains a lot of energy. Feedback: Correct Question 38 of 40 0.0/ 2.5 Points Which molecule(s) would dissolve in water based on polarity? Select all that apply. A. CH4 B. C2H6 C. C6H6