Introduction to Genetics: Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, and Genetic Engineering, Quizzes of Biology

Download Introduction to Genetics: Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, and Genetic Engineering and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Prokaryotes DEFINITION 1 BACTERIA, Universal Genetic Code, Easy to Grow, and INTRONS. TERM 2 Eukaryotes DEFINITION 2 Plants and Animals, more INVOLVED than Bacteria, and can result in a product or an altered organism. TERM 3 Exons DEFINITION 3 An exon is a nucleic acid sequence that is represented in the mature form of an RNA molecule after either portions of a precursor RNA (introns) have been removed by cis-splicing or when two or more precursor RNA molecules have been ligated by trans-splicing. TERM 4 Introns DEFINITION 4 An intron is a DNA region within a gene that is not translated into protein. TERM 5 DNA DEFINITION 5 Deoxyribonucleic acid () (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms with the exception of some viruses. TERM 6 RNA DEFINITION 6 Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a biologically important type of molecule that consists of a long chain of nucleotide units. TERM 7 DNA polymerase DEFINITION 7 A DNA polymerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the polymerization of deoxyribonucleotides into a DNA strand. TERM 8 Genetic Engineering DEFINITION 8 Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct human manipulation of an organism's genetic material in a way that does not occur under natural conditions. TERM 9 extremophiles DEFINITION 9 An extremophile (from Latin ' meaning "extreme" and Greek ' () meaning "love") is an organism that thrives in and may even require physically or geochemically extreme conditions that are detrimental to most life on Earth. TERM 10 taq polymerase DEFINITION 10 Taq polymerase (pronounced; tk p.l.m.s) is a thermostable DNA polymerase named after the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus.