Biology Ecology - Application of Biology - Lecture Slides, Slides of Biology

Download Biology Ecology - Application of Biology - Lecture Slides and more Slides Biology in PDF only on Docsity! BIOLOGY ECOLOGY REVIEW Docsity.com List the 6 levels of organization that ecologists study from smallest to largest Organisms → Populations → Communities → Ecosystems → Biomes → BIOSPHERE Docsity.com WHICH ORGANISMS are responsible for removing nitrogen from and returning nitrogen to the atmosphere? BACTERIA in soil The process of taking nitrogen from the atmosphere and changing it into a form plants can use is called ______________________ The process of converting soil nitrogen back into atmospheric form is called _______________________ NITROGEN FIXATION DENITRIFICATION Docsity.com Energy moves through ecosystems in ______________ food chains/webs biogeochemical cycles Food chains Which of these is a decomposer? ↑ Fungi and SOME bacteria are decomposers Docsity.com Organism that eats both plants and meat omnivore Process in which water from plant leaves evaporates into the atmosphere transpiration Docsity.com Primary consumers are eaten by __________________ Secondary consumers Docsity.com Why is only about 10% of the energy in an organism transferred in a food chain? Some is used by organism for life processes such as movement, transport, metabolism, growth, reproduction, and rest is lost as HEAT Give an example of an ABIOTIC factor Climate, temperature, precipitation, wind, soil type, water availability, sunlight Docsity.com Who is it? Heterotroph that obtains energy by eating only plants ___________________ Heterotroph that eats both plants and animals _____________________ Heterotroph that breaks down organic matter (Ex: Fungi & bacteria) __________________ Heterotroph that feed on dead plants and animal remains (EX:Crabs & worms) ___________________ Heterotroph that eats only meat ___________________ DECOMPOSER HERBIVORE OMNIVORE DETRITIVORE CARNIVORE Docsity.com An organism that eats both meat and plants omnivore Name a limiting factor that could cause a population to decrease Competition- for food, shelter, territory Predation Disease/Parasitism Drought/climate change Human disturbance Docsity.com PUT THE FOLLOWING IN ORDER OF INCREASING COMPLEXITY ________________  ________________  ________________  ________________  ________________  ________________  COMMUNITY ORGANISM POPULATION ECOSYSTEM BIOME BIOSPHERE ORGANISM ECOSYSTEM POPULATION COMMUNITY BIOSPHERE BIOME Docsity.com The portion of the Earth in which all life exists biosphere Organism that captures and eats another predator Docsity.com Symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit from their close association mutualism An “organism’s job” that includes what it eats, what eats it, where in the habitat it lives, how it acts, and when & how it reproduces? niche Docsity.com Matter moves through ecosystems in ________________. biogeochemical cycles food chains/webs Biogeochemical cycles Docsity.com A group of individuals that belong to the same species that live together in an area population Another name for heterotrophs consumers Docsity.com Which of the organisms above is: a secondary consumer? BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006 Small fish Docsity.com How is a detritivore different from a decomposer? Detritivores EAT dead organisms; Decomposers break them down and absorb their nutrients Name one of the biogeochemical cycles you learned about Carbon, nitrogen, Water (hydrogen & oxygen); phosphorus Docsity.com Which of the organisms above is: a tertiary consumer? _____________ BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006 squid Docsity.com Any necessity for life such as water, food, light, or space resource Relationship in which organisms attempt to use the same resource at the same time and place competition Docsity.com Each step in a food chain or web trophic level Docsity.com Which of the organisms above is: a quaternary consumer? __________ BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006 shark Docsity.com Tell something living things use nitrogen for. Making proteins (amino part of amino acids) Making nucleic acids (nitrogen bases) Part of ATP molecule (nitrogen base) How is movement of matter in an ecosystem different than the movement of energy? Energy flows one direction through food chains; matter recycles continuously in biogeochemical cycles Docsity.com Groups of different species that live together in an area make up a __________________ community Which of these is an omnivore? ↑ Most humans are omnivores Docsity.com Cycle which includes an underground reservoir in the form of fossil fuels Carbon cycle Another name for the water cycle Hydrologic cycle Docsity.com Organism such as mites, snail, earthworms, or crabs that eat dead plants or animals detritivore _________ bacteria in soil turn ammonia into nitrates Nitrifying Docsity.com An organism that eats ONLY meat carnivore Tell how a detritovore is different from a decomposer. Both get nutrients from dead organisms; detritivores eat dead stuff; decomposers Absorb energy from dead stuff, but DON’T actually EAT it. Docsity.com Symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits by living on or inside another which is harmed parasitism Docsity.com Another name for the water cycle Hydrologic cycle Cycle in which photosynthesis and cellular respiration participate Carbon cycle Docsity.com Organism that can’t make its own food and get energy from consuming other organisms heterotrophs or consumers Any relationship in which two species live closely together symbiosis Docsity.com Interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another. predation Network of complex interactions linking all the food chains in an ecosystem food web Docsity.com Click here , scroll down, and complete the food web matching activity Although almost 80% of the atmosphere is made up of nitrogen gas, most living things don’t have the enzymes necessary to use nitrogen directly from the atmosphere. Tell how we get the nitrogen we need to make proteins and DNA if we can’t get it from breathing. From food we eat Docsity.com Process that is part of the carbon cycle in which sunlight is used to change atmospheric carbon into biomolecules used for energy by living things photosynthesis Cycle in which transpiration, evaporation, and condensation play a role Water/hydrologic cycle Docsity.com Cycle in which volcanic activity and burning fossil fuels plays a role Carbon cycle Cycle which is dependent on bacteria for nitrogen fixation and denitrification Nitrogen cycle Docsity.com Tell 2 human activities by which carbon can enter the atmosphere as CO2 during the carbon cycle Cellular respiration, burning fossil fuels Tell one way carbon leaves the atmosphere during the carbon cycle. Photosynthesis CO2 gas dissolves in water; Docsity.com Name 2 NON-human activities by which carbon can enter the atmosphere or oceans during the carbon cycle. Volcanic activity Decomposition of dead organisms Deposition as fossil fuels Erosion Tell one way bacteria help with biogeochemical cycles. Nitrogen fixation & denitrification (nitrogen cycle) Decomposers break down dead organisms (carbon cycle) Docsity.com Name the 4 biogeochemical cycles you learned about. Carbon, hydrologic (water); nitrogen; phosphorus Docsity.com