Blood habdout: clinical medicine, Summaries of Medicine

Download Blood habdout: clinical medicine and more Summaries Medicine in PDF only on Docsity! lOMoARcPSD|39820385 A. Balwin, Blood habdout IN-LAB EXERCISES USe the folloWing moduleS in ViSible Body’S Anatomy & PhySiology app to guide your eXploration of blood. You can manipulate the imageS to See different vieWS and iSolate each Structure. Be Sure to Select the book icon under the Structure name to read information Specific to that Structure. You are responsible for the identification of all bold termS and all answers to the questions. Go to the Circulatory SyStem unit and Select Chapter 28. Blood. A. Blood PlaSma 1. Watch the Video in Module 28.2 Blood Plasma and answer the following questions. a. Plasma is _ 9 _ 0 % water. b. List the nutrients from the digestiVe system that are carried by the bloodstream. glucose, amino acids, vitamins, minerals and fatty acids LiVer c. Which organs filter waste products from blood? kidneys d. List the waste products that are filtered from the blood by the urinary system. urea, uric acid, and creatine e. List four more components, other than blood gases, waste, nutrients, and formed elements, that are transported by blood. electolyes, enzymes, and hormones 2. EXplore the 3D anatomical View in Module 28.3 Plasma Protein Production and answer the following questions. a. There are many proteins, with Various functions, that circulate in plasma. Most of them are made in the _ li _ ver . b. Many of these proteins act as carriers. List two things that are carried by plaSma proteinS. hormones, fatty acids B. Blood CellS and PlateletS 1. Watch the Video in Module 28.4 Production of Red Blood Cells and answer the following questions. a. Red blood cells are also called _ e _ ryth _ rocyes . (“Cyte” means “cell” and “erythro” means red.) b. Red blood cells make up 40-45 % of total blood Volume. a. Red blood cells carry oXygen on gas-transporting molecules called _ h _ e _ mog _ l _ o _ b _ in . b. In tissues, oXygen diffuses from red blood cells, where oXygen concentration is _ h _ i _ g _ h , across the capillary walls into tissue cells, where oXygen concentrations are _ low . c. The reVerse is true for _ carbo _ n d _ io _ xid _ e , which diffuses into the bloodstream from the tissues. d. Carbon dioXide is carried inside _ red _ blo _ o _ d cell _ s _ p _ l _ a _ sma . and dissolVed in e. As blood traVels through the _ vascul _ a _ tu _ re b _ a _ ck to the _ l _ u _ n _ g _ s , carbon dioXide is released from the body and oXygen is picked up by red blood cells. 4. EXamine the illustration in Module 28.8 Function of White Blood Cells and answer the following questions. a. White blood cellS are also called _ leu _ kocyte _ s . (“Cyte” means “cell” and “leuco/leuko” means white.) b. White blood cells play a major role in fighting _ d _ i _ sea _ se . c. List the different types of white blood cells and state their roles. i. Neutrophils- kill and ingest bacteria in the blood ii. Lymphocytes- essential to immune system and protect the body against formation of cancer cells iii. B Cells and T cells-(b cell) originates & mature in bone marrow, function as part of idaptive immune iV. V. Natural killer cells- similar to innate and idaptive immune system Monocytes- destroy large unwanted particles in the blood stream Vi. Basophils- releases heparin to stop clotting, produce histamine to cause blood vessels to dilate, Vii. Eosinophils- kills parasites and helps control inflammation and allergic greactions d. Which leukocyteS are lymphocyteS? neutrophils, basophils, and eosinaphils e. White blood cells make up _ 1 % of total blood Volume. 5. Watch the Video in Module 28.9 Function of Platelets and answer thefollowing questions. a. PlateletS are also called _ t _ h _ ro _ mbo _ cyte _ s . b. When a Vessel tears, platelets adhere to the _ w _ all of the torn Vessel. The platelets change shape and release the contents of their _ vesic _ le _ s . After this transformation, platelets adhere to one another. Together with the red blood cells that become trapped with them, these platelets form a platelet plug that begins to reduce blood loss. The platelet plug is the first stage in clot formation. 5. List the seVen types of white blood cells and giVe their functions. neutrophils- A type of white blood cell that engulfs invading microbes and contributes to the nonspecific defenses of the body against disease. Lymphocytes- essential to immune system and protect the body against formation of cancer cells B Cells and T cells-(b cell) originates & mature in bone marrow, function as part of idaptive or acquired immune (T Cells) originates in bone marrow but matures in thymus, acquired immune Natural killer cells- similar to innate and idaptive immune system Monocytes- destroy large unwanted particles in the blood stream Basophils- releases heparin to stop clotting, produce histamine to cause blood vessels to dilate, Eosinophils- kills parasites and helps control inflammation and allergic greactions liver Module 28.3 PlaSma Protein Production