broadcasting exam questions, Exams of Communication

Download broadcasting exam questions and more Exams Communication in PDF only on Docsity! BROADCASTING EXAM QUESTIONS. 1. What is the difference between analog and digital broadcasting? Analog broadcasting and digital broadcasting are two different methods of transmitting television and radio signals. - Analog broadcasting is the older technology, which uses analog signals to transmit television and radio signals. Analog signals are continuous waves that are used to transmit information such as sound and video. The main disadvantage of analog broadcasting is that the signal quality can degrade over long distances, and the signal can be affected by interference such as static and ghosts. - Digital broadcasting, on the other hand, uses digital signals to transmit television and radio signals. Digital signals are made up of a series of 1s and 0s, which are used to transmit information. Digital broadcasting provides a clearer and more reliable signal, as the signal is less susceptible to interference. Additionally, digital broadcasting allows for the transmission of multiple channels within the same bandwidth as a single analog channel. - Another difference is that Analog broadcasting takes up more bandwidth than digital broadcasting, so more channels can be broadcasted digitally in the same frequency band than analog, which means that digital broadcasting is more efficient and less susceptible to interference. - Finally, analog broadcasting is being phased out in many countries, as it's being replaced by digital broadcasting which allows for higher-quality pictures and sound, as well as additional channels and interactive services such as video on demand and digital video recording. 2. How do you set up and operate a television or radio studio? Setting up and operating a television or radio studio involves several steps, including: - Designing the studio layout: This includes determining the placement of equipment such as cameras, lighting, audio equipment, and set elements. - Installing equipment: This includes assembling and connecting cameras, audio equipment, lighting fixtures, and other gear to the control room. - Setting up the control room: This includes installing and configuring equipment such as switchers, audio boards, and video servers. - Testing and calibrating equipment: This includes testing all equipment to ensure that it is working properly and adjusting settings as needed to optimize performance. - Training staff: This includes training staff on how to operate the equipment and use it effectively for production. - Scheduling and planning productions: This includes coordinating with other departments, such as production and programming, to plan and schedule productions. - Rehearsals and dry runs: This includes running a dry-run of the planned production, to ensure that everything is running smoothly and identify and fix any issues before going live. - Live production: This includes running the live production, with the help of the control room team, directing the show, operating the cameras and audio equipment, and monitoring the live feed. - Post-production: This includes editing, dubbing, color correction, and mixing the final product. 3. What are the key components of a news script? A news script is a written document that outlines the content and structure of a news segment. The key components of a news script include: - Headline: A brief, attention-grabbing statement that summarizes the main point of the story. - Lead: The opening sentence or paragraph that introduces the story, including the who, what, when, where, and why of the story. - Creating engaging content: Creating engaging content such as behind-the- scenes footage, interviews, teasers, trailers, and other types of content that will appeal to the target audience. - Live streaming: Live streaming events, such as press conferences, behind- the-scenes footage, and Q&A sessions, to give viewers an inside look at the program. - Creating a website: Creating a website for the program and using it to share information about the program, including schedules, episode guides, and other information. - Paid Advertising: Utilizing paid advertising such as Google Adwords, Facebook ads, Instagram ads, or Twitter ads, to reach a broader audience. - Influencer Marketing: Partnering with influencers in your industry or related to your target audience, to reach new and potential audiences. - Creating a Hashtag: Creating a unique hashtag for the program and encouraging viewers to use it when sharing content about the program on social media. 6. What are the principles of good microphone technique? Good microphone technique is essential for capturing high-quality audio in a broadcast setting. Some principles of good microphone technique include: - Positioning the microphone correctly: Positioning the microphone correctly in relation to the source of the sound can help to reduce background noise and improve the clarity of the audio. - Using the right microphone for the job: Using the right microphone for the job can help to improve the quality of the audio. For example, a cardioid microphone is best suited for recording a single person, while an omnidirectional microphone is better for recording a group of people. - Avoiding proximity effect: Being too close to the microphone can cause a bass boost, known as the proximity effect, which can cause the audio to sound boomy and unclear. - Holding the microphone correctly: Holding the microphone correctly can help to reduce handling noise and improve the clarity of the audio. - Using a pop filter: Using a pop filter can help to reduce plosives, which are the burst of air caused by certain consonants such as 'p' and 'b' that can cause distortion in the audio. - Maintaining a consistent distance: Keeping a consistent distance from the microphone can help to maintain a consistent level of audio throughout the recording. - Monitoring the audio levels: Monitoring the audio levels can help to ensure that the audio is being recorded at the correct level, avoiding clipping and distortion. 7. How do you use a mixing console to control audio levels in a broadcast? A mixing console, also known as a mixing board or soundboard, is a device used to control the levels of audio in a broadcast. Using a mixing console to control audio levels in a broadcast involves several steps, including: - Setting up the console: This includes connecting all audio sources, such as microphones, sound effects, and music, to the appropriate inputs on the console. - Setting levels: This includes adjusting the levels of each audio source so that they are at the correct levels for the broadcast. - Panning: This includes adjusting the left and right balance of each audio source to create a stereo image. - EQ: This includes adjusting the frequency levels of each audio source to enhance or reduce certain frequencies in the audio. - Compression: This includes adjusting the dynamic range of each audio source to make the audio sound consistent. - Effects: This includes adding effects such as reverb or delay to enhance the sound. - Monitoring: This includes listening to the audio and making any necessary adjustments to ensure that the audio sounds good. - Recording or broadcasting: This includes sending the audio to the recording or broadcasting device. 8. How do you use lighting and camera techniques to create a professional video production? Using lighting and camera techniques to create a professional video production can help to enhance the visual appeal and storytelling of the video. Some ways to use lighting and camera techniques to create a professional video production include: - Planning the lighting: This includes determining the type of lighting needed for the scene and positioning the lights to achieve the desired look. - Using color temperature: This includes adjusting the color temperature of the lights to create a specific mood or atmosphere. - Using depth of field: This includes adjusting the aperture of the camera to control the depth of field, which can be used to create a sense of distance or focus on a specific subject. - Using camera movement: This includes using techniques such as panning, tilting, and zooming to create a sense of movement and add visual interest to the scene. - Using different camera angles: This includes using different camera angles, such as high and low angles, to add visual interest and emphasis to the scene.