CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 1 Food Where Does It Come From, Study notes of Environmental science

Download CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 1 Food Where Does It Come From and more Study notes Environmental science in PDF only on Docsity! CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 1 Food Where Does It Come From All living beings need food. Food is needed by all living beings for four main purposes: • for their growth. • to provide energy for doing work. • for the repair and replacement of the damaged tissues. • to provide resistance and protection against diseases from infections. If a person does not get food, she/he feels weak and is likely to fall ill. Different people have different choices of food. There is a wide range of food items eaten across various states of India. Different organisms eat different kinds of food. Human beings are omnivores. Our food comes from different sources. We get food from plants as well as animals. We eat animals (as meat) as well as their different products like milk, eggs and honey. Cooked food can be easily consumed and absorbed by our body. Cooking also kills the harmful germs. We should have sprouted seeds every day. Sprouted seeds are rich in nutrients. Domesticated animals are classified as meat yielding, milk yielding and drought animals. Ingredients: Materials needed to prepare a dish or food are called its ingredients. Edible parts: Those parts (of a plant) which are eatable are called Edible parts Nectar: Sweet juices found in flowers are known as nectar. Sprouted seeds: Seeds which grow white thread like structures when soaked in water are called sprouted seeds. Herbivore: Animals which eat plants and plant products like fruits, flowers, seeds, nectar, etc., are called herbivores. Carnivore: Animals which eat other animals are called carnivores. Omnivore: Animals which eat both plants and their products, as well as other animals, are called omnivores. Let us see what Mrs Iyer and Mrs Kapoor have prepared. Have they prepared the same kind of food? List out the six food items that you see on their table. • Need for food • Food from plants • Food from animals • What do animals eat We get all these food from both plants and animals. Thus, plant parts and animal products are our sources of food. 1. vada 2. idli 3. chapathi 4. chicken curry Seeds Pulses like mung bean, kidney bean, chickpea, and cereals (wheat, maize, and rice) that we eat are seeds of plants Wheat grains are ground to make flour (atta) which is used to make chapattis. Cumin seeds, pepper, and cardamom that we eat as spices are also seeds of different plants. Sprouted seeds (or sprouts) of mung bean and chickpea (Bengal gram) are very nutritious. Sprouting involves soaking seeds and draining the water and then leaving them till they germinate. Sprouts can be eaten raw as salads or cooked. Fruits and vegetables Plants also provide us fruits and vegetables Like different plant parts, animal too serve as sources of food. Let us learn about the main food products obtained from animals. Food From Animal: Animal products like meat, egg, honey, milk, cheese, butter, and curd are eaten by human beings. Meat of animals like goat, chicken, fish, and prawns is commonly eaten Egg Hen’s egg is the most common bird egg eaten in the world. It is a rich source of proteins and vitamins. Some people also eat eggs of goose and duck. Honey: Honey is a sweet liquid made by bees from the nectar of flowers Honey is collected from beehives. It is used in cooking and also has medicinal value. Milk: Milk is obtained from animals like cow, buffalo, and goat. Fig’1-8 Honev It is a very nutritious food item and is a rich source of proteins. Milk also contains calcium, which is required for proper bone growth and nerve function Products made from milk are known as dairy products. Some common dairy products are discussed below. Paneer (cottage cheese): Common methods of making paneer include adding lemon juice or vinegar to milk. Then, the liquid portion of milk is drained off and the solid part forms paneer. This process is called curdling. Cheese: Cheese is made from curdled milk of cow, goat, sheep, or buffalo Cream: Cream is made by collecting the top fatty layer of the milk. Butter: Butter is made by churning fresh cream. Ghee: Ghee is made by gently heating butter and removing the solid matter. Curd Common methods of making curd include adding a small sample of curd in warm milk. The microorganisms (bacteria) present in the curd sample turn the milk into curd. Unlike green plants, animals cannot make their own food. They depend on plants and other animals for food. People living in deserts also drink camel’s milk. In ice-cold places, people mostly have yak’s milk. Microorganisms Tiny organisms that can be seen only with the help of a microscope Let’s Remember Write two examples for each of the following. 1. Roots that we eat 2. Stems that we eat 3. Leaves that we eat 4. Flowers that we eat 5. Seeds that we eat • Omnivores like a bear and human beings have different types of teeth that help them to eat both plants and flesh of other animals. • Omnivorous birds like crow have a sharp and pointed beak to help them eat a variety of food. Scavengers and Decomposers Instead of hunting live animals, some birds and animals eat the flesh of other animals that are already dead. Vulture is one such bird. These animals or birds are called scavengers. Some other organisms feed on and destroy (or decompose) dead plants and animals. Fungi and bacteria are examples of such organisms (Fig. Fjg 114 Fung.1.14). These organisms are called decomposers. Together with scavengers, decomposers play a very important role in nature. Without these organisms, our planet would be covered with dead plants and animals. Herbivore: An animal that eats only plants and plant products is called a herbivore. Carnivore: An animal that eats only the flesh of other animals is called a carnivore. Omnivore: An animal that eats both plants and flesh of other animals is called an omnivore. Scavenger: An animal that eats only the flesh of animals that are already dead is called a scavenger. Decomposer: An organism that feeds on and decomposes dead animals and plants is called a decomposer. Different plant parts like root, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit serve as sources of food. Animal products like meat, egg, honey, milk, curd, cheese, butter, and ghee are eaten by human beings. Herbivores have wide blunt teeth that help them to grind and chew plants. Carnivores have sharp teeth and claws that help them to tear flesh.