Medical Terminology: Answers and Explanations, Exams of Health sciences

Download Medical Terminology: Answers and Explanations and more Exams Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity! CCHI Exam (137 Questions) and Answers 100% Correct Verified What is the function of the gonads? ANSWER: Produce testosterone (testes and ovaries), considered endocrine glands Function of prostate gland? ANSWER: secretes fluid that transports sperm How does urine travel? ANSWER: produced in kidneys, through ureters into bladder, bladder stores it, urine released through urethra (tube) What is the perineum? ANSWER: area between vagina/scrotum and anus Cystoscopy - ANSWER: visual examination of the bladder and urethra Cerclage - ANSWER: sutures close cervix to prevent premature birth Advanced Directive - ANSWER: a written statement of a person's wishes regarding medical treatment, often including a living will, made to ensure those wishes are carried out should the person be unable to communicate them to a doctor Synonym vertebral column - ANSWER: Spinal column Difference between vertebral column and spinal cord - ANSWER: The vertebral column surrounds the spinal cord which travels within the spinal canal, formed from a central hole within each vertebra. The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system that supplies nerves and receives information from the peripheral nervous system within the body. spine - ANSWER: a series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the small of the back, enclosing the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and abdomen; the backbone. Cervical vertebrae - ANSWER: neck area Lumbar vertebrae - ANSWER: lower back Synonym for vertebral column - ANSWER: spine Optic neuritis - ANSWER: swelling (inflammation) damages the optic nerve Acute anterior uveitis - ANSWER: acute inflammation of the retina Blepharitis - ANSWER: inflammation of the eyelid astigmatism - ANSWER: anatomical malformation of cornea or lens myopia - ANSWER: images come to a focus in front of the retina of the eye because of defects in the refractive media of the eye or of abnormal length of the eyeball An echocardiogram is done by - ANSWER: Placing an ultrasound transducer on the patient's chest What is Dyspnea - ANSWER: shortness of breath Why do you place electrodes on patient's skin? ANSWER: to measure electrical activity of the heart for an EKG (electrocardiogram) When do you inject patients with contrast dyes? ANSWER: X-ray, CT, MRI, or ultrasound exam. Can be an iodine-based material, barium-sulfate, gadolinium, or saline and air mixture (swallowed or injected intravenously) Why swallow barium solution? ANSWER: to obtain contrast X-ray studies of the digestive tube (e.g. esophagram) Drug toxicity symptom - ANSWER: loss of hearing, seizures, digestive issues What is lisinopril - ANSWER: treats high blood pressure and heart failure How do you treat arrhythmia - ANSWER: with cardioversion (shock delivered to hear through paddles on chest) Medicine to treat heartburn - ANSWER: omeprazole and ranitidine How to treat AIDS - ANSWER: no cure, but anti-retroviral therapy (ART) can help What is gout - ANSWER: sudden, severe arthritis, often joint at base of big toe How to treat gout attacks - ANSWER: Colchicine (anti-inflammatory) What is Ermiao wan - ANSWER: chinese herb High levels of uric acid indicate - ANSWER: gout disease Establishing culturally and linguistically appropriate goals, policies and management accountability, and infuse them throughout the organizations' planning laparoscopy - ANSWER: operation performed in the abdomen or pelvis using small incisions with the aid of a camera Laparotomy - ANSWER: implies a large abdominal incision. Arthroscopy - ANSWER: minimally invasive joint surgery. Angioplasty - ANSWER: minimally invasive surgery on a blood vessel. What is the name of this substance which aids in the digestion/ absorption of lipids (fat)? ANSWER: bile Hydrochloric Acid - ANSWER: helps to digest proteins and is made in the stomach (gastric acid). Sebum - ANSWER: made by the skin's sebaceous glands and serves to lubricate and waterproof the skin Colostrum - ANSWER: first milk made in the breasts during pregnancy. Which drug is useful to reduce inflammation? ANSWER: Corticosteroids Opiates are used for - ANSWER: their analgesic effects. Beta Blockers are used to treat - ANSWER: high blood pressure and to prevent migraines. Diuretics - ANSWER: (a.k.a "water pills") increase the formation of urine in the kidneys and are used in the management of congestive heart failure and high blood pressure. Triage - ANSWER: (in the ER) prioritize incoming patients and identify those who cannot wait to be seen disposition - ANSWER: tendency toward a given disease OR the plan for continuing health care of a patient following discharge from a given health care facility When an interpreter relays what was said from the source language to the target language without any omissions or unnecessary additions he is assuming the role of - ANSWER: conduit A physician who specializes in gland disorders like hyperthyroidism is - ANSWER: endocronologist Internist - ANSWER: treat a variety of conditions like diabetes, hypertension, gastritis, pneumonia, etc. but they do not: See children (pediatrics) Give prenatal care or deliver babies (obstetrics) and they do not operate (surgery) Proctologist - ANSWER: specialist for colon, rectum or anus Uterine Fibroids - ANSWER: noncancerous growths appear in the uterus Bicornuate Uterus - ANSWER: congenital birth defect where the uterus (which normally has 1 cavity) is split at the top into a right and left cavity Retroverted Uterus - ANSWER: congenital abnormality where the uterus is "tipped" backwards (when it normally tips forward in the pelvis). Endometritis - ANSWER: inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus. red blood cells - ANSWER: cells in charge of transporting oxygen in blood Lymphocytes - ANSWER: white blood cells which help fight infection and cancer. Platelets - ANSWER: clot forming blood cells Beta cells - ANSWER: located in the pancreas and make insulin. VD: Venereal Disease - other way of referring to a STD. tibia - ANSWER: one of the 2 leg bones. clavicle - ANSWER: (aka collar bone) is located at the root of the neck situated between the sternum and top of the shoulder. metacarpals - ANSWER: located in the wrist. Compound Fracture - ANSWER: aka open fracture, fracture in which the bone pierces the skin Hairline Fracture - (aka a stress fracture) is minor fracture where the segments of bone do not separate, the bone continues to be in perfect alignment. The fracture is seen on X-rays as a very thin "hair line" hence its name. Comminuted Fracture - ANSWER: bone is shattered into several pieces. Scintigraphy - ANSWER: detects the spread of cancer to bones Bone Density Scan (Dexa Scan) - ANSWER: to assess osteoporosis White Blood Cell Count - ANSWER: to detect infections Sonography - ANSWER: another name for ultrasound Exam Cerebellum - ANSWER: part of the brain regulates a person's balance and coordination thalamus - ANSWER: brain structure which sorts and relays nerve impulses to the corresponding areas of the cerebral cortex to help us move, feel, see and hear spinal cord - ANSWER: transmission of nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body. hypothalamus - ANSWER: brain structure, situated below the thalamus, which regulates: body temperature, thirst, hunger, sex drive and gland function. Morbidity - ANSWER: The relative incidence of disease mortality - ANSWER: number of deaths in a given place and time incidence - ANSWER: occurrence of new cases of a disease in a population prevalence - ANSWER: percentage of a population that is affected with a particular disease (old and new cases) at a given time An interpreter may discuss what he has learned during his interpreting sessions - ANSWER: With the healthcare providers who are directly involved in a patient's care An interpreter who keeps his/her body language in check (e.g. eye rolling) is acting according to the ethical principle of - ANSWER: impartiality An interpreter who reminds the parties not to say anything they do not want interpreted is acting according to the ethical principle of - ANSWER: confidentiality Interpreters giving advice goes against the ethical principle of - ANSWER: impartiality An interpreter who sells jewelry and cosmetics to patients and staff while covering an interpreting assignment is violating the ethical principle of - ANSWER: Professionalism When the interpreter asks the parties to address each other instead of addressing him when they speak, he is acting according to the ethical principle of: - ANSWER: respect