Components and Roles in Construction Projects, Exams of Construction

Download Components and Roles in Construction Projects and more Exams Construction in PDF only on Docsity! CE 306 Final Exam Questions and Answers. Lecture 02 What is a project? - Correct answer A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result. What are the characteristics of a project? - Correct answer -Beginning and end date (a defined timeframe) -A definite goal or objective (you know when you're done) -Require resources (time, labor, money, equipment) TEMPORARY AND UNIQUE Who are the three key players in Construction Teams? What do they do? - Correct answer -Owners: set project parameters, operational criteria, and quality level -Designers: typically an architect or engineer that meets the needs of the owner and who create design alternatives that meet local, state, and federal safety regulations -Contractor: Can be a general contractor or construction manager that is responsible for the performance of all work What are the components of the iron triangle? - Correct answer Scope, Cost, and Time What is the importance of the iron triangle? - Correct answer The balance of quality of a project. What are the tradeoffs of the iron triangle? - Correct answer -Low Costs and Quick = Low Quality -Fast and Good = High Costs -Low Cost and High Quality = Low Priority What are the project phases/lifecycle? - Correct answer -First, a public owner creates the scope of the project and uses a qualifications based selection to pick a designer -Second the Designer/General Contractor refine the scope, schematic design, and construction documents -Lastly the general contractor performs a bidding and selection process where: owner conducts mandated advertisement, the award goes to the lowest bidder, and the construction documents become contract documents What is the Role of Project Manager? - Correct answer -Organize a project team of people and coordinate their efforts -Work well with people -Good communication skills -Five basic functions: planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling -To control, evaluate, monitor, and coordinate the work done Lecture 03 Project Roles - Correct answer What is the role of the owner? - Correct answer -Creates the vision, approves the design What is the role of the Designer/Architect? - Correct answer -Draws plan sets used to build the project using aesthetics and fuctionality What is the role of the engineer? - Correct answer -Draws plan sets used to build the project using safety and functionality What is the role of the general contractor? - Correct answer -Manages the construction process What is the role of the subcontractor? - Correct answer -Physically constructs the project What is the role of the building tenants? - Correct answer -Understand a tenant's requirements/needs before the project What is the role of suppliers? - Correct answer -Furnish the materials of the facility or structure to be installed by the subcontractors What is the difference between a general contractor and a construction manager? - Correct answer -GC is a firm while CM is an individual or a What is Cost Plus? - Correct answer -The owner pays for the costs incurred during the project plus a set amount of profit calculated as a percentage Lecture 07 Project Delivery Methods - Correct answer What is DBB? Name advantages and disadvantages. - Correct answer -Design Bid Build -One piece of the project has to be completed before another step is started -The Design, Bid (award the lowest bid), and Construction Phases -Widely used, well understand, well established with clearly defined role with owner having rights to some of the design -Process is longer with a limiting effectiveness and constructability of the design What is DB? Name advantages and disadvantages. - Correct answer -Design Build -A single contract with the owner to provide both architectural/engineering design services and construction -With Guaranteed Maximum Price -Cost efficient, quicker delivery, higher project coordination, reduce project claims and disputes -Owner has less control, DB team handles the design details and their qualifications need to be high What is Construction Manger at Risk (CM/GC)? Name advantages and disadvantages. - Correct answer -The CM/GC provides construction input to the owner during the design phases and becomes the general contractor during the construction phase -Incorporate a contractor's perspective and project delivery is typically faster -Owner has to resolve more issues because of complexity of communication What is IPD? Name advantages and disadvantages. - Correct answer -Integrated Project Delivery -Integration of people, systems, business structures and practices into a process of work -Transparency, time savings, accountability -Limited familiarity, not good for simple projects, costly What is MASTERFORMAT? What do division level do the following numbers represent in this order 03 20 00? - Correct answer -It facilitates communication between project members -03 = division number level 1 -20 = division number level 2 -00 division number level 3 Lecture 08, 09 Estimating - Correct answer What is the importance of estimates for the owner? Designers? Contractors? - Correct answer -Access financial feasibility -Determine if quality can be added -Inform early design decisions -Compare the design against the budget -Validate contractor bids/proposal -Provide a budget or bid to owner -Price change orders What are the different level of estiamates? - Correct answer -Feasibility Estimate = 0-2 design Studies, economic analyses, Big Picture -Conceptual Estimate = 1-15% design Design program selected -Parametric Estimate = 10-50% design Replace conceptual estimate -Detailed Estimate = 50-100% design Bid and change orders What are the three price information sources? - Correct answer -Cost Guides Manuals -Historical Databases -Actual Costs (best) What factors impact estimating? - Correct answer -Project size and complexity -Location -Shape -Schedule and time frame -Capacity -Quality -Geotechnical What does ROM stand for? - Correct answer -Rough order of Magnitude What is an ROM? - Correct answer -Estimate based off very little design information and use gross units costs with a +-20% of the actual project cost -Identify a cost per unit, make adjustments based on economies of scale, time, and location plus add other items What is the ROM estimate equation? - Correct answer ROM = unadjusted total cost * cost multiplier * time factor * location factor What is the difference between direct and indirect cost? - Correct answer - Direct costs are business expenses required to produce goods and offer services, while indirect costs are overhead expenses that keep the company operating -Indirect: Insurance and Bonding -Direct: Materials, labor, equipment costs, etc. Lecture 10, 11 Cost Control - Correct answer What are the project payment methods? - Correct answer -Fixed price contracts -Cost plus with Guaranteed Maximum Price -Cost Plus without Guaranteed Maximum Price Lecture 18 Leadership and Project Management - Correct answer What are the three components of the PMI Talent Triangle? Describe them. - Correct answer -Technical Project Management: The skills to effectively apply project management knowledge to deliver the desired outcomes for programs or projects -Strategic and Business Management: Ability to see a high-level overview of the organization -Leadership: Ability to guide, motivate, and direct a team What are the three leadership styles? Describe them. - Correct answer Visionary: Moves people toward shared goals, connect what a person wants with the organization's goals Democratic: Values people's input and gets commitment through participation Commanding: Focuses on goals and uses authority to control people's actions What is Emotional Intelligence? - Correct answer -The ability to understand and manage your own emotions, and those of the people around you Why is it important to know your teams' work styles, priorities, and strengths? - Correct answer -To anticipate member's needs and determine how to work together productively Lecture 19 Communication and Conflict Management - Correct answer What is the importance of Project Communication Management? What are the two parts? - Correct answer -To ensure that the information needs of the project and its stakeholders are met and to achieve effective information exchange -Two parts: Developing a strategy and to implement the communication strategy What are the PCM Processes? Describe them. - Correct answer -Plan Communication Management: Developing an appropriate approach and plan for project communication activities based on the information needs of the project and stakeholders -Manage Communications: Ensuring timely and appropriate collection, creations, distribution, storage, retrieval, management, monitoring of the project information -Monitor Communications: Ensuring the information needs are met What are the five things included in a Communication Plan Draft? - Correct answer -Introduction and background -A list of the project sponsor, project manager, PDT members, and other key stakeholders -Methods of communications used, including formal meetings to be held -Project reporting information -Stakeholder's Analysis What are the four tailoring considerations for PCM? - Correct answer - Stakeholders -Physical Location -Communication Technology -Language What are the nine steps to developing a Conflict Management Strategy? (shoot me) - Correct answer -Acknowledge the conflict -Establish ground rules -Establish common ground and shared goals -Separate the problem from the people -Have the parties share collected data related to the conflict -Explore solutions, listing as many alternatives as possible -Evaluate solutions, looking for a win-win solution -Select the best solution -Share the solution with project stakeholders Lecture 21 Quality Control-Lean Construction - Correct answer What is lean construction? - Correct answer A philosophy that focuses on adding value with less work and the elimination of waste in the building process What was the Quality Control at Mortenson (5S Program) like? - Correct answer -They made the workplace more neat and orderly. They reduced the risk of injuries in both the short and long term. They reduced the loss of damaged items. Lecture 22 Sustainable Design and Construction (LEED) - Correct answer Give a brief overview of the LEED Certification. - Correct answer - Developed by the US Green Building Council -The voluntary, consensus-based national rating system -Administered by Green Business Certification Inc. -The four levels are certified, silver, gold, and platinum What are the three key terms for LEED Certification? Describe them. - Correct answer -40/60 Rule: Rule to help project teams decide on a rating system -Minimum Program Requirements: All projects applying for LEED certification must meet a set of minimum program requirements referred to as MPRs. -Credit Interpretation Request: Questions to obtain technical guidance on how LEED requirements relate to a specific project To be LEED Certified what three things are necessary? - Correct answer - Must be in a permanent location on existing land -Must use reasonable LEED boundaries -Must comply with project size requirements (DB + C minimum 1000 square feet of gross floor area) What are the ten steps to devising a LEED Work Plan? (this blows chunks) Or just what is a LEED Work Plan? - Correct answer -Initiate the discovery phase -Owner selects LEED Rating System -Check minimum program requirements -Establish project goals -Define the LEED project scope -Develop a LEED scorecard -Project registration -Assign roles and responsibilities -Develop consistent documentation Wide Flange 12x36 indicates the depth of 12 inches or section number by the weight in 36 pounds per foot The actual calculations I do not know, someone has to tell me What do anchor bolts, base plates, and grouts do? - Correct answer The grout is placed first to hold everything in place and keep water out of the base plate. The base plate is put on top of the grout and welded to the steel columns. Then the anchor bolts secure the base plate to the ground. Difference between shear walls and braced frames. - Correct answer Shear Walls - Rotate made of CMU (Concrete masonry unit) or Concrete Braced Frames - HSS, W-Beams, or cables What is the difference between strip footing and spread (column) footings? - Correct answer -Strip footings support distributed loads from a structure above and spread footings support point loading from a column above What is a step footing? - Correct answer Footing in which the desired width is secured by a series of steps in about the portion of one unit of horizontal dimension to two units of vertical dimension What is the purpose of a pilaster? - Correct answer -Pilaster is used to strengthen the foundation wall What do different types of joints do? - Correct answer -Construction Joints: Cold weather (compression) -Control Joints: Warm weather (contraction or expansion) What is a curtain wall? - Correct answer -Non structural member is a glass wall system that runs along façade of building and covers multiple levels What are the non-structural members in a building exterior? - Correct answer Sunscreens/Sunshades Mullions What are vestibules and clerestories? - Correct answer -A vestibule is a small room next to the outer door and connecting it with the interior of the building -A clerestory is a windowed wall of a room that is carried higher than the surrounding roofs to light the interior space. What is a performance specification? - Correct answer -Criteria that the material must meet or exceed -Does not describe what needs to be done to meet the criteria -Typically a numerical description What is a prescriptive specification? - Correct answer -Describes HOW the material should be used or constructed -Highlights the process as opposed to the result -Typically a categorical description What is an open specification? - Correct answer -Specifications do not list any specific brands to use for materials, equipment, etc. -Performance specifications are ALWAYS open -Prescriptive-Open may include "Approved Equal" or "Comparable Product" What is a closed specification? - Correct answer -Specifications name a specific brand to use for materials, equipment, etc. -Prescriptive specifications can be open or closed Why is site staging important? - Correct answer Correct job-site staging is critical for efficiency, productivity, and even safety. What is the purpose of a green roof? - Correct answer -They provide shade, remove heat from the air, and reduce temperature of the roof surface and surrounding air. What is the difference between a detention basin and a cistern? - Correct answer -Detention basins are stormwater pollution prevention plan elements that allow for a large amount of inflow to be captured and stored while allowing for a small amount of outflow to be released at any time. -Cisterns are used for storing water for a building's plumbing including flushing toilets, etc. What is LEED? - Correct answer Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design. A third-party green building certification program and the globally recognized standard for the design, construction, and operation of high- performance green buildings and neighborhoods. What is the difference between a grant chart and a Precedence Diagram Method? - Correct answer Grant charts have horizontal bar graphs to represent a schedule while the PDM constructs a schedule using boxes/nodes to represent activities and connects them with arrows that show the dependencies What is the purpose of a raingarden? - Correct answer -They promote infiltration of rainwater into the landscape, rather than it running off into a storm drain helps with SWPPP.