Certified Medical Assistant Study Notes, Exams of Medicine

Download Certified Medical Assistant Study Notes and more Exams Medicine in PDF only on Docsity! Clinical Certified Medical Assistant What year was medical assisting officially established as a career? - 1956 A practice that is owned by the providers that see patients on a day to day basis is what type of practice? - Partnership A provider who owns the business and is the sole responsible party for all bills, debts etc. - Sole Proprietorship A business formed by a group of providers - Corporate Organization A big corporation where the physicians are the employees (i.e. like a hospital) - Managed Care Organization Gives your access to specific doctors within a certain network. these providers have lowers rates for patients to be seen in their network but in return, patients cannot see providers outside of the network (will not be covered if they do) - Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Plan give you access to specific providers within a certain network for a lower price. But also, give access to see providers outside of the network for a higher price - Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) Communication Cycle - Receiver --> Message --> Receiver --> Feedback Anything that disrupts the communication cycle is what? - Noise In order to obtain vitals, you are entering the patients _______ space - Intimate Unknowingly placing an unpleasant memory or thought in the unconscious Ex. not remembering a traumatic experienced a crime - Repression Involves blocking external events from awareness. Often times refusing to experience it. ex) Refusing to admit that you have a health issue - Denial Attributing ones own unacceptable feeling and thoughts to others and not yourself ex) Thinking that someone is doing something because you have been doing it yourself - Projection Redirecting unacceptable feeling from the original source to a different target Ex) taking your anger out on your provider from something that they cannot control - Displacement Reverting back to an immature behavior due to an outcome that you did not desire ex) throwing a temper tantrum as an adult when you don't get your way - Which legal term means "Let the master answer" - Respondeat Superior How long must a pediatric vaccine records be kept? - Indefinitely P.A.S.S - Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep Acronym used for fires Electronic records that are narrow and be from just one specific encounter. only speaking in terms of health - Electronic Medical Record (EMR) Electron record that is more extensive. Includes entire health history, family history etc. - Electronic Health Record (EHR) Sign - objective. the things that can be measured (i.e. vital signs) Symptom - Subjective Things a patient complains of that cannot be measured or proven (i.e. nausea, drowsiness, pain) S.O.A.P - Subjective Objective Assessment Plan Normal Adult blood pressure range - 100-140 / 60-90 When is a patient considered to have pre-hypertension? (still in normal range but a little higher than it should be) - 120-139 / 80-90 High blood pressure - 140 or higher / 90 or higher Stage 1 hypertension - 140-159 / 90-99 Stage 2 hypertension - 160 or higher / 100 or higher Normal pulse range for Adult - 60-100 bpm Normal Respiration's for adult - 12-20 When rooming a patient, what is the complete set of vitals to obtain? - height, weight, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, pulse ox and temp What does it mean if a provider asks you for a 4-0 Vicryl on PS-2? - 4-0 = suture size Vicryl= type of suture PS-2 = the type of needle The larger the suture number, the _______ the size - The larger the suture number, the smaller the size of suture. ex) 10-0= the small suture (used for delicate surgeries like the eye 5 = the suture used in big surgeries like abdominal What are absorbable sutures and some examples of them? - Absorbable sutures break down over time. the most common are: Monocryl, Vicryl, Chromic and PDS What are non- absorbable sutures and what are they commonly used for? - Non-absorbable sutures have to be taken out or removed. nylon, Silk, fiberware, eithibond, and steel are examples of non-absorbable sutures used for repairing blood vessels, Carotid artery grafts, bowel repair, Achilles tendon repair etc. Braided sutures - have a number of woven strands braided together. these are non-absorbable. Ex) silk, vicryl and ethibond Vector= from insects/animals What are the 3 types of meningitis? What is the deadliest? - Bacterial, Viral and Fungal bacterial is the most deadly What type of illness is treated with an antibiotic? - Bacteria What does the number of a scalpel mean? - The shape What is the color of the eye called? - Iris What are the four ways to complete an allergy test on a patient? - Scratch/prick test Patch test Intradermal Blood Test What are the layers of the skin - Dermis, Epidermis, SubQ how far back do you stand for the visual acuity test? - 20 feet What is the chart called to complete a visual acuity test - snelling chart What is the chart called to complete a color blindness exam? - Ishihara chart What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for? - Unconscious control; Vital Signs What is the main nerve of the parasympathetic system? - vagus nerve what is the difference between hemiplegia, paraplegia and quadriplegia? - Hemiplegia= one sided paralysis Paraplegia= lower 2 limbs paralyzed Quadriplegia= all extremities paralyzed for a patient to receive home oxygen support, what must their oxygen saturation rates be? - 88% What are the two main symptoms for meningitis - Extreme Headache Cannot touch their head to their neck (also fever) What are 5 signs of a CVA - One sided weakness facial droop slurred speech Confusion/ loss of memory Incontinence Unequal Pupils What is the difference between a CVA and a TIA - CVA= stoke which require intervention and cannot resolve on its own TIA= "mini stroke" which symptoms will typically resolve in 24-48 hours What is the medical term for a headache - Cephalgia What are the tiny grapelike sacs in the lungs responsible for CO2/O2 exchange - Alveoli What oxygen delivery system would you use to place your patient on 15Lpm of oxygen? - Non-rebreather What oxygen delivery system would you use to place your patient of 2Lpm of oxygen? - nasal cannula Explain the different stages of an allergic reaction and the most appropriate treatment for each - Local= on a specific area. can be treated with over the counter meds or topical medication Systemic= over the entire body. can be treated with benadryl or Zyrtec Anaphylaxis= life threatening and can affect blood pressure, respiratory etc. Can be treated with epinephrine What is the standard dose of epinephrine? - List the 5 questions to read a rhythm strip - - whats the rate? (count the QRS x10) - Is it regular? - Is there a P wave? - Is there QRS for every P? -Is the QRS wide? (bigger than 3 small blocks) What are the two shockable rhythms? - Ventricular Fibulation (VFib) Ventricular Tachycardia (Vtac) What does each part of the PQRST mean/show on a rhythm? - P= the atrias being stimulated by the SA Nodes QRS Complex= Ventricles stimulated to contract by bundle branches and purinje fibers T= the heart resting What angle do you inject a intramuscular injections? - 90° angle What angle do you inject a subQ injection - 45° angle What angle do you inject a Intradermal injection? - 15° angle 2.2 pound = ______ kilograms - 1 kg What is the mathematics formula to calculate a drug dosage to give to a patient - Dose desired / Dose on hand x Quantity 1 gram= ____ Milligrams - 1000 What is the standard order of draw - Specials Red Tiger top/Gold Light Green Green Purple/Lavender Grey What additive is in each tube in the order of draw? - Light Blue- Sodium Citrate Red- none Tiger/Gold- none/SST Light green- Lithium heparin w/sst Green- sodium heparin Lavender- EDTA Gray- Potassium Oxalate Give an example of the tests that can be drawn in each tube - Light Blue- PT protime, PTT Red- Chemistries, Immunologies gold/Tiger top- Blood type, Titers Light Green- CMP, BMP Green- Troponin Lavender- CBC, Cross-Type and match Grey- Glucose, Lithium, A1C What are the 4 blood collection symptoms? - Hub-needle Hub- butterfly Syringe-butterfly Syringe-Needle What is considered the standard blood draw system? - Hub-needle What information must be included on every blood sample sent to the lab? - Name, DOB of patient, date, time, your intials (location if bacterial collection) If you inadvertently draw tubes out of order, how can you correct the mistake? - Draw from the red tube, then discard it and start the correct order how long can a tourniquet remain in place without actively drawing blood? - 1 minute What is Serology? - the study of serum What is the difference between hematology and chemistry study? - F- function (can they move the extremity?) A- Artieral Pulse (locate a pulse distal to dressing) C- Capillary Refill (does the nail bed distal to dressing blanch and return to pink) T- Temperature of Skin (is it beginning to get cold) S- Sensation (can the pt feel your touch, do they feel tingling?) Where do most pediatric injections go? - Thigh All vaccines administered in the state of Nevada must be documented where? - WebIZ Where should you obtain a pulse and check respiration on a pediatric patient? - Apical - for both pulse and respiration We measure infants and toddlers height on a measure mat until what age? - 24 months or 2 years Do you obtain a blood pressure on a child under the age of 3? - NO When splinting a patients arm after x-rays, what is the correct direction to wrap the elastic? - from distal to proximal How would you remove a powder chemical from a patients face? - Wipe powder away from the patient and yourself. call poison control usually you can flush with cool water (if ok by poison control) Define Chief Complaint - the reason for the patients visit in their own words What is the most accurate temperature location - Temporal What is auscultation - examining by listening What is palpitation - Examining by using touch What is Percussion - Using rhythmic tapping to examine what is Mensuration - measuring to examine Head circumference should be measured at every pediatric visit until the age ______ - 24 months Laying down flat - Supine laying flat on the stomach, hands at your side - prone sitting with feet elevated and the body at a 90degree angle? at a 30-60degree angle? - flowers; Semi-flowers patient lays on their back with their feet elevated and place in a pedal apparatus - Lithotomy patient lays on their side rotated slightly forward with their leg bent and supporting them, best position for rectal temperature - Sims shock position; patient is laying on their back with their leg elevated above the level of their heart - Trendelenburg Medical gloves are sized as ______ where as surgical gloves are ______ - medical gloves are sized as xs,s,m,lrg,x-lrg Surgical gloves are sized as ring sizes (5.0, 6.0. 7.5 etc) What is a nosocomial Infection? - a hospital acquired infection, spread by healthcare workers to patients. spread by not maintaining asepsis (including good handwashing) how often do we need to get a permission to treat signed by a patient? and what is this form for? - permission to treat is a form that must be completed by patients prior to treatment in the clinic. this is often signed yearly What is HIPAA? What does it protect? - Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Protects the patients health information and privacy Good Samaritan Law - protects you from liability and lawsuits in the event that you help someone with an acute injury or illness without identifying your level of training