CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024, Exams of Nursing

Download CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Evidence - Demonstrative - correct answers ✅Tangible items; see, touch, smell, hear. Evidence - Documentary - correct answers ✅Written form; business records, banking, calendars, phone records, fire reports, etc... Evidence - Testimonial - correct answers ✅Competent live witness speaking under oath; two types; fact and expert Evidence - illustrative - correct answers ✅Photos, sketches, maps, diagrams. Modes are frequently used at trial. Evidence - illustravtive - correct answers ✅Photos and Videos; what, why, how, when Evidence collection - correct answers ✅Document in place, document the collection, use proper container, (flag, bag, & tag) Evidence - collection - correct answers ✅Fuel gas powered tools outside the perimeter. Find out where tools were refuels. CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Heat transfer - correct answers ✅Conduction, convection, radiation Interviews - correct answers ✅Purpose of the interview; prepare for the interview, document the interview Vehicle Fires - correct answers ✅Sparks from an aluminum wheel are not a competent ignition source. Vehicle Fires - correct answers ✅The most common source of an open flame in a vehicle is an exhaust system backfire out of a carburetor. Vehicle Fires - correct answers ✅Carburetor backfire leaves a distinct pattern on the hood. Vehicle Fires - correct answers ✅Two basic fuel systems: vacuum/low pressure carbureted system, and high-pressure, fuel injected system. Vehicle Fires - correct answers ✅Loose battery connections; not over-current protected; loose connections can result in intermittent arcing. CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Fire effects/fire patterns - correct answers ✅Annealing (softening) of springs may provide clues concerning direction, duration, and intensity. Fire effects/fire patterns - correct answers ✅Saddle burns - A U-shaped burn pattern found on the top of floor joists, caused by fire burning down through the floor. Often, a saddle burn is caused by a burning liquid on the floor or radiant heat from a material close to the floor. Saddle burns display deep charring. Fire effects/fire patterns - correct answers ✅Inverted cone burns are indicative of the vertical flame plume not reaching the ceiling, short-lived fires with a low HRR Fire effects/fire patterns - correct answers ✅Melting Temperatures: Copper 1981*F; Aluminum 1220*F; Steel 2760*F Heat Sources - correct answers ✅Mechanical: converted to heat when two materials rub against each other and create friction. CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Chemical: chemical reaction; exothermic and endothermic. Electrical: Converted to heat energy; flowing through a conductor. Nuclear: splitting the nucleus of an atom into two smaller nuclei (nuclear fission) Electrical - correct answers ✅Resistance Heating: properly installed, produces low resistance. Loose connections: high resistance with increased heating at the contact. Electrical - correct answers ✅Ground Fault: the purpose if grounding an electrical system is to make sure that any housings or exposed metal in the system or connected to it cannot become electrically charged. Electrical - correct answers ✅Sleeving: the softening and sagging of thermoplastic conductor insulation due to the heating of the conductor. CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Electrical - correct answers ✅Lightning: a form of static electricity, a polarized electrostatic charge in the clouds. Electrical - correct answers ✅9.2.2.2.2: the unit of measurement of potential difference or voltage is usually volts. Electrical - correct answers ✅9.2.2.3: the rate of charge flow is called electrical current, and current is measured in amperes. Electrical - correct answers ✅9.2.6.1: power - the rate at which energy is used. Electrical - correct answers ✅9.3.3: the cables of a service drop go into a weather-head, which is designed to keep water from entering the system, and then down a service raceway to a meter base. Electrical - correct answers ✅9.6.2.1: fuses are basically non-mechanical devices with a fusible element in a small enclosure. CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Miscellaneous - correct answers ✅Fill the evidence can only 2/3 full Miscellaneous - correct answers ✅Annealed (softening) springs can indicate duration and intensity Miscellaneous - correct answers ✅An autopsy should always be performed Miscellaneous - correct answers ✅Witnesses can only testify to facts observed Miscellaneous - correct answers ✅Identify interview question types according to the priority that they should be asked Miscellaneous - correct answers ✅Vapor density of <.6 will rise to the ceiling and accumulate Miscellaneous - correct answers ✅Oxidation is the basic chemical reaction associated with combustion CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Miscellaneous - correct answers ✅Add more oxygen and expect color change and change of texture Thermal Inertia - correct answers ✅Thermal conductivity(k), density(p), heat capacity (c) Latent heat of vaporization - correct answers ✅The heat absorbed when a substance changes phase from a liquid to a gas. No change in chemical structure of the material Flameover - correct answers ✅Unburned fuel from the originating fire accumulates in the ceiling layer to sufficient concentration that it ignites Flashover - correct answers ✅A transition phase in the development of a compartment fire in which surfaces exposed to thermal radiation reach ignition temperature more or less simultaneously CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Backdraft - correct answers ✅A deflagration resulting from the sudden introduction of air into a confined space containing oxygen-deficient products of incomplete combustion Boiling Point - correct answers ✅Temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the liquid changes into a vapor. Burning Point - correct answers ✅The lowest temperature at which a volatile oil in an open vessel will continue to burn when ignited by a flame held close to its surface; used to test safety of kerosene and other illuminating oils. Clean Burn - correct answers ✅A distinct and visible fire effect generally apparent on non-combustible surfaces after combustible layers (soot, paper, paint)have burned away Combustion - correct answers ✅A chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and usually light in the form of either a glow or flame CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Specific Gravity - correct answers ✅The ratio of the mass of a given volume of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of water at a temperature of 4*C Combustible Liquid - correct answers ✅Flash Point @ or above 100°F Flammable Liquid - correct answers ✅Flash Point less than 100°F Ignitable Liquid - correct answers ✅Both combustible and flammable liquids are ignitable liquids. Flash Point - correct answers ✅Momentary Flame; the lowest temperature at which vapors will ignite. Measuring a flash point requires an ignition source. At the flash point, the vapor may cease to burn when the ignition source is removed. Accelerant - correct answers ✅Can be any material to spread fire; usually gasoline. Origin Determination - correct answers ✅1. Witness Information CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 2. Fire Patterns 3. Arc Mapping 4. Fire Dynamics Ceiling Jet - correct answers ✅Obstruction to plume at ceiling level creates ceiling jets. Thermal Inertia - correct answers ✅The degree of slowness with which the temperature of a body approaches that of its surroundings and which is dependent upon its absorptivity, its specific heat, its thermal conductivity, its dimensions, and other factors High Order Explosion - correct answers ✅A high order explosion describes an explosive event where the blast pressure front moves rapidly, shattering objects in its path. High order damage: shattering of the structure, producing small debris pieces. High Explosive - correct answers ✅A high explosive is a material that has an explosion velocity of greater than 1000 m/s, or a material capable of sustaining a detonation CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Low Order Explosion - correct answers ✅A low order explosion describes an explosive event where the blast pressure front moves slowly, displacing or heaving (rather than shattering) objects in its path. Low order damage: characterized by walls bulge out or laid down, virtually intact, next to the structure. roofs slightly left. Low Explosive - correct answers ✅A low explosive is a material that has an explosion velocity of less than 1000 m/s. True - Administrative Warrant - correct answers ✅Probably cause IS NOT NEEDED to obtain an ADMINISTRATIVE search warrant. Conduction - correct answers ✅Heat transfer to another body or within a body by DIRECT contact. Pre-Flashover conditions - correct answers ✅In pre-flashover conditions, the primary heat transfer mechanism for fire spread through a compartment is conduction. CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Deductive Reasoning - correct answers ✅Test the Hypothesis with deductive reasoning. The process by which conclusions are drawn by logical inference from given premises. Testing of the hypothesis is done by the principle of deductive reasoning, in which the investigator compares the hypothesis to all the known facts as well as the body of scientific knowledge associated with the phenomena relevant to the specific incident. Fault Tree - correct answers ✅Fault trees can be used to test the possibility of a hypothesized fire cause. Fault trees are developed by breaking down an event into causal component parts. These components are then placed in a logical sequence of events or conditions necessary to produce the event. If the conditions or sequence are not present then the hypothesis is disproved. Time Lines - correct answers ✅In the context of testing a cause hypothesis, the time frame may be a discriminator for determining if an ignition scenario is consistent with the available data as it related to time frames. "V" Pattern - correct answers ✅The geometric shape of the pattern. CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Arson - correct answers ✅The crime of maliciously and intentionally, or recklessly, starting a fire or causing an explosion. Arc - correct answers ✅A high-temperature luminous electric discharge across a gap or through a medium such as charred insulation. Cause - correct answers ✅The circumstances, conditions, or agencies that brought about or resulted in the fire or explosion incident, damage to property resulting from the fire or explosion incident, or bodily injury or loss of life resulting from the fire or explosion incident. Combustion - correct answers ✅A chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and usually light in the form of either a glow or flame. Fire - correct answers ✅A rapid oxidation process, which is a chemical reaction resulting in the evolution of light and heat in varying intensities. CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Drop Down / Fall Down - correct answers ✅The spread of fire by the dropping or falling of burning materials. Synonymous with "fall down." Conduction - correct answers ✅Heat transfer to another body or within a body by direct contact. Convection - correct answers ✅Heat transfer by circulation within a medium such as a gas or a liquid. Competent Ignition Source - correct answers ✅An ignition source that has sufficient energy and is capable of transferring that energy to the fuel long enough to raise the fuel to its ignition temperature. Detonation - correct answers ✅Propagation of a combustion zone at a velocity greater than the speed of sound in the unreacted medium. Forensic (Forensic Science) - correct answers ✅The application of science to answer questions of interest to the legal system. CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 The Scientific Method - Define the Problem - correct answers ✅Having determined that a problem exists, the investigator or analyst should define the manner in which the problem can be solved. In this case, a proper origin and cause investigation should be conducted. This is done by an examination of the scene and by a combination of other data collection methods, such as the review of previously conducted investigations of the incident, the interviewing of witnesses or other knowledgeable persons, and the results of scientific testing. The Scientific Method - Collect Data - correct answers ✅Facts about the fire incident are now collected by observation, experiment, or other direct datagathering means. The data collected is called empirical data because it is based on observation or experience and is capable of being verified or known to be true. The Scientific Method - Analyze the Data - correct answers ✅The scientific method requires that all data collected be analyzed. This is an essential step CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 that must take place before the formation of the final hypothesis. The identification, gathering, and cataloging of data does not equate to data analysis. Analysis of the data is based on the knowledge, training, experience, and expertise of the individual doing the analysis. If the investigator lacks expertise to properly attribute meaning to a piece of data, then assistance should be sought. Understanding the meaning of the data will enable the investigator to form hypotheses based on the evidence, rather than on speculation. The Scientific Method - Develop a Hypothesis (Inductive Reasoning) - correct answers ✅(Inductive Reasoning). Based on the data analysis, the investigator produces a hypothesis, or hypotheses, to explain the phenomena, whether it be the nature of fire patterns, fire spread, identification of the origin, the ignition sequence, the fire cause, or the causes of damage or responsibility for the fire or explosion incident. This process is referred to as inductive reasoning. These hypotheses should be based solely on the empirical data that the investigator has collected through observation and then developed into explanations for the event, which are based upon the investigator's knowledge, training, experience, and expertise. CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 The Scientific Method - Test the Hypothesis (Deductive Reasoning) - correct answers ✅(Deductive Reasoning). The investigator does not have a valid or reliable conclusion unless the hypothesis can stand the test of careful and serious challenge. Testing of the hypothesis is done by the principle of deductive reasoning, in which the investigator compares the hypothesis to all known facts as well as the body of scientific knowledge associated with the phenomena relevant to the specific incident. A hypothesis can be tested physically by conducting experiments, analytically by applying accepted scientific principles, or by referring to scientific research. When relying on the research of others, the investigator or analyst must ensure that the conditions, circumstances, and variables of the research and those of the hypothesis are sufficiently similar. Whenever the investigator relies on research as a means of hypothesis testing, references to the research relied upon should be acknowledged and cited. If the hypothesis is refuted or not supported, it should be discarded and alternate hypotheses should be developed and tested. This may require CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 Administrative Review - correct answers ✅An administrative review is one typically carried out within an organization to ensure that the investigator's work product meets the organization's quality assurance requirements. An administrative reviewer will determine whether all of the steps outlined in an organization's procedure manual, or required by agency policy, have been followed and whether all of the appropriate documentation is present in the file, and may check for typographical or grammatical errors. Technical Review - correct answers ✅A technical review can have multiple facets. If a technical reviewer has been asked to critique all aspects of the investigator's work product, then the technical reviewer should be qualified and familiar with all aspects of proper fire investigation and should, at a minimum, have access to all of the documentation available to the investigator whose work is being reviewed. If a technical reviewer has been asked to critique only specific aspects of the investigator's work product, then the technical reviewer should be qualified and familiar with those specific aspects and, at a minimum, have access to all documentation relevant to those aspects. A technical review can serve as an additional test of the various CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 aspects of the investigator's work product. Peer Review - correct answers ✅Peer review is a formal procedure generally employed in prepublication review of scientific or technical documents and screening of grant applications by research-sponsoring agencies. Peer review carries with it connotations of both independence and objectivity. Peer reviewers should not have any interest in the outcome of the review. The author does not select the reviewers, and reviews are often conducted anonymously. As such, the term "peer review" should not be applied to reviews of an investigator's work by coworkers, supervisors, or investigators from agencies conducting investigations of the same incident. Such reviews are more appropriately characterized as "technical reviews," as described above. Thermal Inertia - correct answers ✅During transient heating, a more common condition, the result is changing rates of heat transfer and temperature. During this period, all three properties—thermal CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023) CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2024 conductivity (k), density (ρ), and heat capacity (c) — play a role. Multiplied together as a mathematical product, these properties are called the thermal inertia, kρc, of a material. The thermal inertia of a material is a measure of how easily the surface temperature of the material will increase when heat flows into the material. Low-density materials like polyurethane foam have a low thermal inertia and the surface temperature will increase quickly upon exposure to a heat flux. Conversely, metals have a high thermal inertia due to their high thermal conductivity and high density. As such, when exposed to a flame, the surface temperature of a metal object increases relatively slowly compared to the surface temperature of a plastic or wood object. Table 5.5.2.3 provides data for some common materials at room temperature. Thermal properties are generally a function of temperature. Saddle Burns - correct answers ✅A U-shaped burn pattern found on the top of floor joists, caused by fire burning down through the floor. Often, a saddle burn is caused by a burning liquid on the floor or radiant heat from a material close to the floor. Saddle burns display deep charring. CFEI Study Guide Exam (Latest Update 2023)