CHAMPIONS SCHOOL OF REAL ESTATE : LAW OF AGENCY EXAM TEST.Qualified, Exams of Nursing

Download CHAMPIONS SCHOOL OF REAL ESTATE : LAW OF AGENCY EXAM TEST.Qualified and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified 1. What statement is true regarding decision making? A) It is an analysis of a situation B) It is closely related to evaluation C) It involves choosing between courses of action D) It is dependent upon finding the cause of a problemAns: C Feedback: Decision making is a complex cognitive process often defined as choosing a particular course of action. Problem solving is part of decision making and is a systematic process that focuses on analyzing a difficult situation. Critical thinking, sometimes referred to asreflective thinking, is related to evaluation and has a broader scope than decision making and problem solving. 2. What is a weakness of the traditional problem-solving model? A) Its need for implementation time B) Its lack of a step requiring evaluation of results C) Its failure to gather sufficient data D) Its failure to evaluate alternativesAns: A Feedback: The traditional problem-solving model is less effective when time constraints are a consideration. Decision making can occur without the full analysis required in problemsolving. Because problem solNving attempts to identify the root problem in situations, much time and energy are spent on identifying the real problem. 3. Which of the following statements is true regarding decision making? A) Scientific methods provide identical decisions by different individuals for thesame problems B) Decisions are greatly influenced by each person's value system C) Personal beliefs can be adjusted for when the scientific approach to Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified problemsolving is used D) Past experience has little to do with the quality of the decisionAns: B Feedback: Values, life experience, individual preference, and individual ways of thinking will influence a person's decision making. No matter how objective the criteria will be, valuejudgments will always play a part in a Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified Feedback: Decision making is a complex, cognitive process often defined as choosing a particularcourse of action. Decision making, one step in the problem-solving process, is an important task that relies heavily on critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills. Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified 7. If decision making is triggered by a problem with what does it end? A) An alternative problem B) A chosen course of action C) An action that guarantees success D) A restatement of the solutionAns: B Feedback: A decision is made when a course of action has been chosen. Problem solving is part ofdecision making and is a systematic process that focuses on analyzing a difficult situation. Problem solving always includes a decision-making step. 8. Why do our values often cause personal conflict in decision making? A) Some values are not realistic or healthy B) Not all values are of equal worth C) Our values remain unchanged over time D) Our values often collide with one anotherAns: D Feedback: Values, life experience, individual preference, and individual ways of thinking will influence a person's decision making. No matter how objective the criteria will be, valuejudgments will always play a part in a person's decision making, either consciously or subconsciously. N 9. Which statement is true concerning critical thinking? A) It is a simple approach to decision making B) It is narrower in scope than decision making C) It requires reasoning and creative analysis D) It is a synonym for the problem-solving processAns: C Feedback: Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified Critical thinking has a broader scope than decision making and problem solving. It issometimes referred to as reflective thinking. Critical thinking also involves reflectingupon the meaning of statements, examining the offered evidence and reasoning, and forming judgments about facts. Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified 13. One of the nurses on the unit said, “Male patients have a low threshold for pain.” This isan example of what type of illogical thinking? A) Affirming the consequences B) Arguing from analogy C) Deductive reasoning D) Overgeneralizi ngAns: D Feedback: This type of “crooked” thinking occurs when one believes that because A has a particular characteristic, every other A also has the same characteristic. This kind of thinking is exemplified when stereotypical statements are used to justify arguments anddecisions. 14. What effect of organizational power on decision making is often reflected in thetendency of staff? A) Making decisions independent of organizational values B) Not trusting others to decide C) Desiring personal power D) Having private beliefs that are separate from corporate onesAns: D Feedback: The ability of the powerful to influence individual decision making in an organizationoften requires adopting a privNate personality and an organizational personality. 15. What does a decision grid allow the decision maker to do? A) Examine alternatives visually and compare each against the same criteria B) Quantify information C) Plot a decision over time D) Predict when events must take place to complete a project on timeAns: A Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified Feedback: A decision grid allows one to visually examine the alternatives and compare each against the same criteria. Although any criteria may be selected, the same criteria areused to analyze each alternative. Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified 16. What statement regarding management decision-making aides is true? A) They are subject to human error B) They ensure good decision making C) They eliminate uncertainty and risk D) They tend to save management timeAns: A Feedback: Management decision-making aides are subject to human error. Some of these aides encourage analytical thinking, others are designed to increase intuitive reasoning, and a few encourage the use of both hemispheres of the brain. Despite the helpfulness of thesetools, there is a strong tendency for managers to favor first impressions when making a decision, and a second tendency, called confirmation biases, often follows. 17. What is heuristics? A) Discrete, unconscious process to allow individuals to solve problems quickly B) Set of rules to encourage learners to discover solutions for themselves C) Formal process and structure in the decision-making process D) Trial-and-error method or rules-of-thumb approachAns: A Feedback: Most individuals rely on discrete, often unconscious processes known as heuristics, which allows them to solve problems more quickly and to build upon experiences theyhave gained in their lives. ThuNs, heuristics use trial- and-error methods or a rules-of-thumb approach, rather than set rules, and in doing so, encourages learners to discover solutions for themselves. 18. Which statement is true regarding an economic man style manager? A) Lacks complete knowledge and generates few alternatives B) Makes decisions that may not be ideal but result in solutions that have an Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified 19. What is a characteristic of a left-brain thinker? A) Creative B) Intuitive C) Analytical D) Holisti cAns: C Feedback: Analytical, linear, left-brain thinkers process information differently from creative, intuitive, right-brain thinkers. Left-brain thinkers are typically better at processing language, logic, numbers, and sequential ordering, whereas right-brain thinkers excel atnonverbal ideation and holistic synthesizing. 20. What type of brain dominance creates a management style that is highly organized anddetail oriented? A) Upper left brain B) Upper right brain C) Lower left brain D) Lower right brainAns: C Feedback: Individuals with lower-left-brain dominance are highly organized and detail oriented and individuals with upper-left-brain dominance truly are analytical thinkers who like working with factual data andNnumbers. These individuals deal with problems in a logical and rational way. Individuals with upper-right-brain dominance are big picture thinkers who look for hidden possibilities and are futuristic in their thinking. Individualswith lower-right-brain dominance experience facts and problem solve in a more emotional way than the other three types. 21. Which problem-solving learning strategy provides the learner with the most Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified realistic,risk-free learning environment? A) Case studies B) Simulation C) Problem-based learning (PBL) D) Grand roundsAns: B Feedback: Simulation provides learners opportunities for problem solving that have Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified little or no riskto patients or to organizational performance while providing models, either mechanical or live, to provide experiences for the learner. While the other options provide learning opportunities that include problem solving, simulation is the most realistic while also being low risk. Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing 9th Edition TBW (1) LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION TBW (1) UPLOADED 2023.Qualified 25. What is the advantage of using a payoff table when applicable? A) It assures the correct decision when dealing with financial situations B) It is very helpful when quantitative information about the topic is available C) It assists in the visualization of the available historic and current data D) It is easy to construct even for the novice decision makerAns: C Feedback: Payoff tables do not guarantee that a correct decision will be made, but they assist in visualizing data. While it does lend itself to the use of quantitative data that are not itsstrength, the table may not be difficult to construct that is not its strength since it is dependent on the inclusion of accurate data and effective evaluation of that data. N TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 1 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 1. Which represents the management functions that are incorporated into the managementprocess? A) Planning, directing, organizing, staffing, and evaluating B) Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling C) Organizing, planning, staffing, directing, and evaluating D) Organizing, staffing, planning, implementing, and controllingAns: B Feedback: Management functions include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.These are incorporated into what is known as the management process. 2. What does traditional management science focuses upon? A) Meeting worker satisfaction B) Delineating barriers to productivity C) Using a laissez-faire approach D) Encouraging employee participationAns: B Feedback: Classical, or traditional, management science focuses on production in the workplace and on delineating organizational barriers to productivity. Little attention was given to worker job satisfaction, and workers were assumed to be motivated solely by economicrewards. N 3. What assumption about workers does Theory X hold? A) Workers will naturally put forth effort B) Workers need threats to be motivated C) Workers are diligent and responsible D) Workers are in tune with organizational needsAns: B Feedback: Theory X managers believe that their employees are basically lazy, need constantsupervision and direction, and are indifferent to organizational needs. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 2 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 4. What does the Hawthorne effect implied about people? A) Human beings under investigation will respond to the fact that they are beingstudied B) Production will increase or decrease as light in a factory is increased or decreased C) Membership in small groups forms social control D) People are inherently good and will seek out workAns: A Feedback: Hawthorne effect indicated that people respond to the fact that they are being studied,attempting to increase whatever behavior they feel will continue to warrant the attention. The other statements do not reflect implied beliefs about people. 5. Managing conflict among staff members would occur in which part of the managementprocess? A) Planning B) Organizing C) Directing D) Evaluati ngAns: C Feedback: Directing sometimes includes several staffing functions. However, this phase's functionsusually entail human resource management responsibilities, such as motivating, managing conflict, delegatingN, communicating, and facilitating collaboration. Planning encompasses determining philosophy, goals, objectives, policies, procedures, and rules; carrying out long- and short-range projections; determining a fiscal course of action; andmanaging planned change. Organizing includes establishing the structure to carry out plans, determining the most appropriate type of patient care delivery, and grouping activities to meet unit goals. 6. What is the idea that workers should be hired, trained, and promoted based on TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 5 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 7. Max Weber, a well-known German sociologist, began to study large-scale organizationsto determine what made some more efficient than others. What was his conclusion? A) Workers had to have a say in management to work most effectively B) Consistent rules and regulations for workers increased efficiency C) Employees should feel appreciated and valued D) Workers need frequent rest periods to increase overall productionAns: B Feedback: Weber saw the need for legalized, formal authority and consistent rules and regulations for personnel in different positions. He thus proposed bureaucracy as an organizational design. None of the other options reflect his conclusions. 8. Which leadership style maintains strong control over the work group and uses coercionto motivate others? A) Authoritarian B) Democratic C) Laissez-faire D) A contingency approachAns: A Feedback: Lewin identified three common leadership styles: authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire. Authoritarian leadership results in well- defined group actions that are usually predictable, reducing Nfrustration in the work group and giving members a feeling of security. Productivity is usually high, but creativity, self-motivation, and autonomy are reduced. Authoritarian leadership is frequently found in very large bureaucracies such as the armed forces. Coercion to motivate is not associated with the other options. 9. Which statement about situational or contingency leadership theory is correct? A) High relationship behavior is much more essential to a good manager TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 6 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG than hightask behavior B) This leadership model is effective in bureaucratic organizations because it is taskfocused C) Management should be consistent in different situations so workers understandwhat is expected of them D) The leadership style chosen by a manager should reflect the task/relationshipbehavior of those being managed TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 7 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG Ans: D Feedback: The idea that leadership style should vary according to the situation or the individuals involved was first suggested almost 100 years ago by Mary Parker Follett, one of the earliest management consultants and among the first to view an organization as a socialsystem of contingencies. The other options present statements that are incorrect. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 13. Which is a characteristic of Theory Z? A) Non-consensus decision making B) Fitting employees to their jobs C) Rapid career promotions D) Authoritative problem solvingAns: B Feedback: Characteristics of Theory Z include fitting employees to their jobs, consensus decision making, job security, slower promotions, examining the long-term consequences of management decision making, quality circles, guarantee of lifetime employment, establishment of strong bonds of responsibility between superiors and subordinates, anda holistic concern for the workers. 14. What type of leader is the person who is committed, has a vision, and is able toempower others with this vision? A) Transactional B) Transformational C) Interactional D) Bureaucrat icAns: B Feedback: Transformational leadership positively impacts the leader and the follower, who have a collective purpose. The traditNional manager, concerned with the day- to-day operations, was termed a transactional leader. The remaining options are not associated with these characteristics. 15. How many primary leadership styles have been identified? A) One B) Two TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page TESTBANKWORLD.ORG C) Three D) Fou rAns: C Feedbac k: Three primary leadership styles have been identified: authoritarian, democratic, andlaissez-faire. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 16. What type of management was emphasized in the human relations era of management? A) Participatory B) Authoritarian C) Democratic D) Laissez- faireAns: A Feedback: The human relations era of management science emphasized concepts of participatoryand humanistic management. Three primary leadership styles have been identified: authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire. 17. What is a distinguishing trait of integrated leader-managers? Select all that apply. A) Inward thinkers B) Long-term thinkers C) Concerned with employee motivation D) Possess influence beyond their own groupAns: B, C, D Feedback: Gardner asserted that integrated leader-managers possess six distinguishing traits: Theyinfluence others beyond their own group; they emphasize vision, values, and motivation; they think longer term; they look outward, toward the larger organization they are politically astute; they think in terms of change and renewal. N 18. What is the basic premise of the interactional theory? A) Leadership behavior is generally determined by the relationship between theleader's personality and the specific situation B) Manager behaviors are generally determined by the relationship between themanager's personality and the specific situation. C) Both managers and followers have the ability to raise each other to higher TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 19. It is the idea that context is an important mediator of transformational leadership, that led to the creation of full range leadership theory early in the 21st century. This theoryoriginally developed by Antonakis, Avolio, and Sivasubramaniam suggests how manytransformational factors impacting leadership style and its impact on followers? A) One B) Three C) Five D) Nin eAns: C Feedbac k: There are nine factors impacting leadership style and its impact on followers; five aretransformational, three are transactional, and one is a nonleadership or laissez- faire leadership factor. 20. What type of manager is concerned with the day-to-day operations? A) Transactional B) Transformational C) Interactional D) Bureaucrat icAns: A Feedback: The traditional manager, concerned with the day-to-day operations, is termed atransactional leader. This is nNot a characteristic of the other options. 21. What is the typical focus of managers? Select all that apply. A) Establishing a legitimate source of power B) Delegating responsibilities to staff members C) Formulate the budget to achieve the stated goals D) Direct attention to the management of unwilling TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page TESTBANKWORLD.ORG subordinatesAns: A, B, C Feedback: The manager is typically involved in the delegation of responsibilities through the power of the legitimate power associated with the position. To manipulate people, the environment, money, time, and other resources to achieve organizational goals is also amanager's focus. Attention to both willing and unwilling subordinates as well as established responsibilities is associated with the role of the manager. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 22. Which activity is associated with a leadership role? Select all that apply. A) Mentoring two new managers B) Establishing goals for the coming year C) Advocating for employee regarding personal policies D) Providing a motivational speech at the new employee orientationAns: A, B, C, D Feedback: Leadership roles include mentoring, decision making, advocating, andenergizing. Risktaking is also considered a leadership role. 23. The failure to engage in which activity is considered a fatal flaw of leadership? Selectall that apply. A) Collaboration B) Communication C) Self-improvement D) Staff developmentAns: A, B, C, D Feedback: Leadership is flawed and likely ineffective when the leader does not collaborate andcommunicate effectively with others in the organization. The improvement and development of both others and oneself is vital to the effectiveness of a leader. Clearforward thinking is associated with good leadership. N 24. Which statement by a subordinate demonstrates the greatest problem for the leader? A) “Your plans for the changes will be difficult to implement.” B) “I don't think you heard what the rest of us had to say.” C) “Do you have an idea what direction we need to go?” D) “Can you tell me why my suggestion will not work?”Ans: A Feedback: TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 1 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 1. What concept is servant leadership based upon? A) Trusting and valuing employees B) Genuinely liking your colleagues C) A laissez-faire style of leadership D) A dynamic leadership charismaAns: A Feedback: These managers, termed servant leaders, put serving others, including employees, customers, and the community, as the number-one priority. In addition, servant leadersfoster a service inclination in others that promotes collaboration, teamwork, and collective activism. The servant leader is not necessarily associated with the concepts identified in the other options. 2. What is the critical leadership skill when attempting to build a cooperative and effectiveteam? A) Showing their true feelings B) Empathizing with followers C) Identifying existing emotions in themselves and others D) Manipulating the emotions of all involved to achieve stated goalsAns: C Feedback: Theorists studying emotional intelligence posit that the ability to identify emotions inthemselves and in others is a Ncritical ingredient of leaders, enabling them to build a cooperative and effective team. While the other options may have value, they do not represent the critical skill related to team building. 3. Which principle will help increase the likelihood that followers do not mislead theirleader? A) Support the followers' right to disagree B) Rely only on facts and discount intuition C) Discourage acceptance until the facts are proved TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 2 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG D) Identify who to rely upon and who not to listen toAns: A Feedback: There is no guarantee that followers will not mislead leaders, but adhering to certain principles, such as making sure that followers are allowed to disagree, will guard againstthis happening. The remaining options are flawed in the principles they support. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 3 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 4. Which statement regarding the characteristics of a good leader is true? A) They are totally trustworthy B) They may have character flaws C) They are by nature good intentioned D) Charisma is their strongest attributeAns: B Feedback: Leaders may be deceitful and trustworthy, greedy and generous, and cowardly and brave. To assume that all good leaders are good people is foolhardy and makes us blindto the human condition. It is only when we recognize and manage our failings that leaders achieve greatness. 5. To decrease overtime, the manager of a surgical unit offers nurses who get their work finished on time for an entire 2-month period an extra day off with pay at regular time.What is this an example of? A) Bribing nurses B) Quantum leadership C) Principal agent theory D) Servant leadershipAns: C Feedback: Principal agent theory suggests that followers may have an informational (expertise orknowledge) advantage over thNe leader as well as their own preferences, which may deviate from that of the principal. This may lead to a misalignment of goals. To influence the agent, the principal offers an incentive that corrects excessive overtime. The remaining options do not represent the example offered. 6. Which statement concerning nursing leadership functioning at its potential is true? A) The leadership role is most important in nursing today B) Leadership is most important in managing health-care costs TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 6 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG leadershipAns: C Feedback: By providing classes in leadership, the manager is investing in the potential of the head nurse staff to become better leaders and managers. Human capital refers to the attributesof a person that are productive in some economic context, although it is normally measured and conceived of as a private return to the individual as well as a social return.None of the remaining options relate to the example provided. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 7 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 10. An organization has hired six RNs who have recently immigrated to the United States. The manager has noticed they interact very little with other staff, often speaking in theirown language during their breaks, although they speak English while on duty. Which intervention would be the most helpful action for the manager to help these new RNs better assimilate? A) Explain to the new nurses the problem that their isolating is causing. B) Arrange to send them to an English language course at the local adult school. C) Ask the established RNs to make an effort to include the new nurses in after- workactivities. D) Begin a short sharing session before client report, so all RNs can shareinformation about their cultures and differences in client care. Ans: D Feedback: Providing an opportunity for both groups of nurses to share their cultural heritage and differences in nursing care is an opportunity to promote acceptance among all membersof the staff. It has been established that speaking the language is not a problem since they do so while on duty. Including them in after-work activities may demonstrate willingness on the staff's part but will not address work-related isolation. Merely presenting the problem to the new nurses does not show managing initiative. 11. What is a focus of thought leadership? A) Challenging the status quo B) Learning new technologNy C) Keeping up with current nursing knowledge D) Being a transformational leaderAns: A Feedback: Thought leadership applies to a person who is recognized among his or her peers for innovative ideas and who demonstrates the confidence to promote those ideas. Thus, TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 8 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG thought leadership refers to any situation in which one individual convinces another to consider a new idea, product, or way of looking at things. None of the other options is afocus of thought leadership. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 11 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 14. There are current and future paradigm shifts in health care that affect the leadership skills needed by nurses in the twenty-first century. What issue at the organizational andunit levels are nurse-leaders being directed to address? A) Active involvement in greatly needed health-care reform B) Persistent and growing international nursing shortage C) Shortage of qualified first-level nursing managers D) High turnover rates by staff nursesAns: D Feedback: At the organizational and unit levels, nurse-leaders are being directed to address high turnover rates by staff, an emerging shortage of qualified top- level nursing administrators, growing trends toward unionization, and intensified efforts to legislate minimum staffing ratios and eliminate mandatory overtime, while maintaining cohesiveand productive work environments. At the national level, nurse-leaders and nurse-managers are actively involved in greatly needed health-care reform and in addressing a persistent, and likely growing, international nursing shortage. The other options, while describing noteworthy issues, do not include the issue that affects neededskills. 15. How many characteristics such as servant leadership does Tabaka suggest is required ofan agile organization today? A) 1 B) 5 N C) 10 D) 15 Ans: C Feedbac k: Tabaka suggests that servant leadership is one of the top 10 characteristics of an agileorganization today. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 12 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 16. Goleman in his best seller Emotional Intelligence identifies self-awareness as one of thefive components of emotional intelligence. What is self- awareness? A) The ability to recognize and understand one's moods, emotions, and drives as wellas their effects on others B) The ability to control or redirect disruptive impulses or moods as well as thepropensity to suspend judgment C) A passion to work for reasons that go beyond money or status; a propensity topursue goals with energy and commitment D) The ability to understand and accept the emotional makeup of other peopleAns: A Feedback: Self-awareness: The ability to recognize and understand one's moods, emotions, and drives as well as their effects on others. Self-regulation: The ability to control or redirectdisruptive impulses or moods as well as the propensity to suspend judgment. Motivation: A passion to work for reasons that go beyond money or status; a propensityto pursue goals with energy and commitment. Empathy: The ability to understand and accept the emotional makeup of other people. 17. Goleman in his best seller Emotional Intelligence built upon work in his identificationof five components of emotional intelligence. Which component of emotional intelligence is occurring when a person is proficiently handling relationships and building networks? A) Self-regulation N B) Motivation C) Empathy D) Social skillsAns: D Feedback: Social skills: Proficiency in handling relationships and building networks; an ability tofind common ground. Self-regulation: The ability to control or redirect disruptive impulses or moods as well as the propensity to suspend judgment. Motivation: A passion to work for reasons that go beyond money or status; a propensity to pursue TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 13 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG goals with energy and commitment. Empathy: The ability to understand and accept theemotional makeup of other people. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 16 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 20. Avolio states that there are four factors that cover the components of authentic leadership. What is occurring when one openly shares feelings and informationappropriate to a situation? A) Balanced processing B) Internalized moral perspective C) Relational transparency D) Self- awarenessAns: C Feedback: Relational transparency refers to openly sharing feelings and information appropriate toa situation. Balanced processing refers to analyzing data rationally before making decisions. Internalized moral perspective suggests that the authentic leader is guided byinternal moral standards, which then guide his/her behavior, and self-awareness alludesto a knowing of self so as to make sense of the world. 21. Which action is associated with relationship age leadership? Select all that apply. A) Communicates regularly with subordinates B) Encourages teamwork to achieve problem solving C) Includes committee representatives from all areas that will be affected by thechange D) Recognizes staff members who have contributed plausible problem-solvingsolutions Ans: A, B, C, D N Feedback: People skills, cooperation, and valuing staff knowledge are all characteristics of the relationship age leader. Focus on fact gathering rather than finding the meaning of thedata is characteristic of an industrial age leader. 22. A manager demonstrating an understanding of the principles of Human Capital theorywill schedule which staff in-service? Select all that apply. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 17 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG A) Effective communication skills B) Financial planning for retirement C) Advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation D) Meeting the needs of the patient's familyAns: A, C, D Feedback: Human capital can refer to a group's collective knowledge, skills, and abilities. Human capital theory suggests that individuals and/or TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 18 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG organizations will invest in education and professional development if they believe that such an investment willhave a future payoff. Communication, meeting family needs, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation are all skills and abilities that will enhance the individual's professional development and ultimately the services of the facility. The other options are related tothe personal interests of the staff. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 1 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 1. Which statement best describes ethics? A) How our lives and relationships are led in our reality B) How people make decisions they see as legally and morally appropriate C) The conflict, power, and interdependency associated with the way we live D) What our conduct and actions should be regarding what is right and goodAns: D Feedback: Ethics is the systematic study of what a person's conduct and actions should be with regard to self, other human beings, and the environment; it is the justification of what isright or good and the study of what a person's life and relationships should be, not necessarily what they are. 2. What is an ethical dilemma? A) A problem that can be solved using empirical data B) A situation that has clearly delineated facts for decision making C) A problem that when handled effectively has a mutually agreed-upon solution D) A situation that requires choosing between two or more undesirable alternativesAns: D Feedback: The most difficult of all moral issues is termed a moral or ethical dilemma, which maybe described as being forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives. The problem is not generally solved with a solution that is mutually satisfying nor doesit lend itself to empirical or deNlineated facts. 3. The practice of allocating organs for transplantation based on a person's “worth tosociety” is an example of what ethical principle for decision making? A) Autonomy B) Beneficence C) Utility D) Justic eAns: D TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 2 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG Feedback : Justice: Seek fairness, treat “equals” equally, and treat “unequals” according to theirdifferences. Autonomy: Promotes self-determination and freedom of choice. Beneficence: Actions are taken in an effort to promote good. Utility: The good of themany outweighs the wants or needs of the individual. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 3 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 4. The only treatment alternative left for a patient diagnosed with advanced cancer is a rare, highly experimental bone marrow transfusion with a 10% success rate. The insurance company refuses to authorize payment for the $200,000 procedure, arguing that the money could be better spent providing well-baby screening for 2,000 residentsin the service area. What does this decision by the insurance company reflect? A) Unethical conduct B) Maleficence C) Paternalism D) Utilit yAns: D Feedback : The principle of utility states that what is best for the common good outweighs what is best for the individual. There is no indication of unethical or maleficence behavior on the part of the insurance company. Paternalism would be characterized by the insurancecompany making treatment decision without the patient having input. 5. Which statement regarding the MORAL decision-making model is true? A) It is a problem-solving model B) It does not include an evaluation step C) The identification and analysis of multiple alternatives for action is required D) The decision is arrived upon with only the involvement of the decision makerAns: C Feedback: N MORAL is a decision-making model that is useful in clarifying ethical problems, and itrequires the identification and analysis of multiple alternatives for action. The other options are not true statements regarding this decision-making model. 6. Which ethical framework would most likely be used to arrive at the nurse's decision towork overtime in spite of previous social plans? TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 6 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 7. What is the role of the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics and InterpretiveStatements? A) Outlines minimum levels of ethical behavior that nurses must maintain B) Functions as a guide to the highest standards of ethical practice for nurses C) Is a legally binding document that directs a nurse's ethical and moral behavior D) Mandates the ethical behavior prerequisite for maintaining a nursing licensureAns: B Feedback: The ANA Code of Ethics outlines the important general values, duties, and responsibilities that flow from the specific role of being a nurse in order to achieve andmaintain the highest standards. The document is not legally binding nor is it a mandateof behavior. 8. Which statement regarding ethical decision making is true? A) Outcomes are the basic criterion for evaluating ethical decision making B) Only desirable alternatives are identified when solving ethical dilemmas C) Critical ethical decisions are made quickly so the situation does not worsen D) Accepting some ambiguity and uncertainty are a part of ethical decision makingAns: D Feedback: Ethical decision makers choose between two or more undesirable alternatives, and because they can use only the information and resources available at the time, they mustlive with some ambiguity andNuncertainty. The remaining options are not true statementsregarding the ethical decision- making process. 9. Which ethical framework involves an individualized decision-making framework? A) Duty based B) Rights based C) Utilitarian D) Intuitioni TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 7 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG stAns: D Feedback: Intuitionist states that each case weighed on a case-by-case basis to determine relative goals, duties, and rights. Utilitarian provides the greatest good for the greatest number ofpeople. Duty based is a duty to do something to refrain from doing something. Rights-based individuals have basic inherent rights that should not be interfered with. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 8 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 10. What does the morale principle of autonomy govern? A) A person's right to make his or her own decision B) The obligation to do good and prevent harm C) Doing what is right and fair D) Truth tellingAns: A Feedback: Autonomy, or self-determination, is also referred to as freedom of choice and acceptingthe responsibility for one's choice. None of the other options addresses this concept. 11. Protecting patient confidentiality respects the client's right to A) self-esteem B) self-defense C) self-determination D) self- incriminationAns: C Feedback: Confidentiality is a foundation of both medical and nursing ethics, and it respects the client's right to self-determination. While the other options are worthy of respect, theyare not associated with confidentiality. 12. Much of the difficulty peopleNhave in making ethical decisions results from a lack offormal education about problem solving. Research at the University of Pennsylvaniafound what percentage of the nurses and social workers reported having no ethics training? A) 15 B) 20 C) 25 TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 11 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG aweighting or grid. Affirm position and act: Develop the implementation strategy. 15. Which statement is correct regarding the distinction between legal and ethicalobligations in decision making? A) Ethical controls are clearer and philosophically impartial B) Ethical controls are much clearer and individualized TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 12 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG C) Legal controls are clearer and philosophically impartial D) Legal controls are much less clear and individualizedAns: C Feedback: In general, legal controls are clearer and philosophically impartial; ethical controls aremuch less clear and individualized. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 13 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 16. Which member of the health-care team is often placed in situations where they are expected to be agents for patients, physicians, and the organization simultaneously, allof which may have conflicting wants and goals? A) Physicians B) Nurses C) Nurse practitioners D) Social workersAns: B Feedback: Nurses are often placed in situations where they are expected to be agents for patients,physicians, and the organization simultaneously, all of which may have conflicting needs, wants, and goals. The nature of the patient contact of a nurse is more direct andinvolves more time than the other members of the health-care team. 17. To make appropriate ethical decisions the nurse-manager must have knowledge of whatitems to assist in making decisions? Select all that apply: 1, 2, 3, 4. A) Organizational processes 1, 2 B) Proven decision-making models 1, 2, and 3 C) Professional approach that eliminates trial and error D) Ethical principles and frameworksAns: A, B, C, D Feedback: To make appropriate ethical dNecisions then, the manager must have knowledge of ethical principles and frameworks, use a professional approach that eliminates trial and error and focuses on proven decision- making models, and use available organizational processes to assist in making such decisions. Knowledge of the involved parties' wishesis not a focus of the decision-making process. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 16 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG Management function identifies outcomes in ethical decision making that should alwaysbe sought or avoided. Leadership roles include the following: Is self-aware regarding own values and basic beliefs about the rights, duties, and goals of human beings; acceptsthat some ambiguity and uncertainty must be a part of all ethical decision making; accepts that negative outcomes occur in ethical decision making despite high-quality problem solving and decision making. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 17 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 20. There are many terms used to describe moral issues faced by nurses, including moral uncertainty, moral conflict, moral distress, moral outrage, and ethical dilemmas. Whichstatement describes how moral uncertainty occurs? A) Occurs when an individual is unsure which moral principles or values apply andmay even include uncertainty as to what the moral problem is B) Occurs when the individual knows the right thing to do but organizationalconstraints make it difficult to take the right course of action C) Occurs when an individual witnesses the immoral act of another but feelspowerless to stop it D) Occurs when being forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternativesAns: A Feedback: Moral uncertainty occurs when an individual is unsure which moral principles or valuesapply and may even include uncertainty as to what the moral problem is. Moral distressoccurs when the individual knows the right thing to do but organizational constraints make it difficult to take the right course of action. Moral outrage occurs when an individual witnesses the immoral act of another but feels powerless to stop it. Ethical dilemma is being forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives. 21. Which characteristic of an organization has influence on the ethical decisions itsmanagers' make? Select all that apply. A) Purpose B) Societal role N C) Societal constraints D) Value s Ans: A, B, C Feedback: The manager's ethical obligation is tied to the organization's purpose, and the purpose ofthe organization is linked to the function that it fills in society and the TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 18 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG constraints society places on it. So, the responsibilities of the nurse-manager emerge from a complex set of interactions. Society helps to define the purposes of various institutions, and the purposes, in turn, help to ensure that the institution fulfills specific functions. However, the specific values and norms in any particular institution determine the focusof its resources and shape its organizational life. The values of people within institutionsinfluence actual management practice. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 21 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 24. Which statement concerning autonomy and the employee is true? Select all that apply. A) It is a form of personal liberty B) Its legal equivalent is self determination C) It is based on a person's right to make a choice D) It is supported by the process of progressive employee disciplineAns: A, B, C, D Feedback: A form of personal liberty, autonomy is also called freedom of choice or accepting the responsibility for one's choice. The legal right of self- determination supports this moralprinciple. The use of progressive discipline recognizes the autonomy of the employee. The employee, in essence, has the choice to meet organizational expectations or to be disciplined further. If the employee's continued behavior warrants termination, the principle of autonomy says that the employee has made the choice to be terminated by virtue of his or her actions, not by that of the manager. Therefore, nurse-managers mustbe cognizant of the ethical component present whenever an individual's decisional capacity is in question. To take away a person's right to self-determination is a serious but sometimes necessary action. 25. Which activity best demonstrates a nursing unit manager's attention to the ethicsstandards of practice required of that position? A) Membership on the institution's ethic board B) Terminates a staff member for absenteeism C) Assures staff and patienNts that unit decisions are ethically sound D) Holds membership in the local and state American Nurses Association (ANA)Ans: A Feedback: ANA standards for ethics related to nurse administrators identifies participants on multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary teams that address ethical risks, benefits, andoutcomes as a criteria measurement. The remaining options while addressing ethicalbehaviors on the administrator's part are not as directly identified by the ANA. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 1 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 1. What defines the legal boundaries of nursing at the state level? A) The state's Attorney General B) The Nurse Practice Act C) The ANA standards of practice D) The ANA Code for NursesAns: B Feedback: The 51 Nurse Practice Acts representing the 50 states and the District of Columbia are examples of statutes. These Nurse Practice Acts define and limit the practice of nursing,stating what constitutes authorized practice as well as what exceeds the scope of authority. Although Nurse Practice Acts may vary among states, all must be consistent with provisions or statutes established at the federal level. The other options lack the comprehensiveness and focus of a state's Nurse Practice Act. 2. How is the question of whether a nurse acted with reasonable care generally proven? A) The expert testimony of nursing witnesses B) The defendant's explanation of what the nurse did C) The trial judge, after checking the outcome of prior similar court cases D) The testimony of expert medical witnessesAns: A Feedback: The testimony of other nurses in the same specialty as the defendant may be used to prove breach of duty. The othNer options are not considered qualified to testify to this matter. 3. A doctor orders a medical procedure that the staff nurse has reason to believe will harm the patient. Which statement accurately states the legal consequences of carrying out, orrefusing to carry out, the procedure? A) The staff nurse cannot be held legally liable for any harm to the patient if theprocedure is carried out with due care B) The nurse may lose his or her license by refusing to carry out the procedure TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 2 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG C) The nurse can be held legally liable for any harm if the procedure is carried outwithout question D) The nurse can be held accountable for practicing medicine without a licenseAns: C Feedback: All nurses have personal liability, which means that every person is liable for his or herown conduct. None of the remaining options describes that TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 5 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG completedAns: B Feedback: It is the responsibility as manager to immediately document the error according to hospital policy. Since policies concerning such situations vary, it is vital to know andfollow established policies. It is not generally appropriate to make such a note on theclient's chart. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 6 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 7. What is the best reason that nurse-managers have an ongoing responsibility to be awareof legislation affecting nursing practice? A) This will prevent them from getting sued B) Laws are fluid and subject to change C) It will protect the agency from a lawsuit D) It will ensure that correct procedure is carried outAns: B Feedback: When using doctrines as a guide for nursing practice, the nurse must remember that all laws are fluid and subject to change. Laws are not static. It is the responsibility of each manager to keep abreast of legislation and laws affecting both nursing practice and management practice. While the other options are correct, they do not describe the mostencompassing reason that nurse-managers need to keep aware of current legislature affecting nursing practice. 8. Which characteristics are required of a reasonable and prudent nurse? A) Years of clinically focused nursing experience B) Specialized nursing skills C) Average nursing judgment and skills D) Earned advanced nursing degreeAns: C Feedback: Reasonable and prudent geneNrally means the average judgment, foresight, intelligence, and skill that would be expected of a person with similar training and experience. The other options describe qualifications not required of a reasonable and prudent nurse. 9. A state Nurse Practice Act is an example of which source of law? A) Statutes B) Constitution TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 7 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG C) Administrative D) Judici alAns: A Feedback: Statutes are the only laws made by official enactment by the legislative body. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 10 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 13. What component of professional negligence is represented when a nurse fails to look upan unfamiliar medication before administering it? A) Duty to use due care B) Failure to meet standard of care C) Foreseeability of harm D) A direct relationship between failure to meet the standard of care (breach) andinjury can be proved Ans: C Feedback: The nurse must have reasonable access to information about whether the possibility ofharm exists not fulfilling this responsibility may result in a foreseeable harm to the client. None of the remaining options are relevant to this criterion. 14. What element must be included in the process of securing informed consent? A) A timeline of when the treatment is expected to occur B) Written information on what the post procedure outcomes will be C) Information regarding the risks involved in the proposed procedure D) An explanation of the nature of all associated treatment provided by the nurseAns: C Feedback: Informed consent can be given only after the patient has received a complete explanation of the surgery, procedure, or treatment and indicates that he or she understands the risks and benNefits related to it. Timeline and nursing responsibilities are not components that are included. Outcomes are identified as expected or desired; no guarantees are given. 15. Which situations is a nurse-manager illegally responsible for reporting? Select all thatapply. A) Suspected incidents of elder abuse B) Examples of substandard medical care TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 11 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG C) Client-reported incidents of child abuse D) Confirmed case of a communicable diseaseAns: A, B, C, D Feedback: In addition, the manager, like all professional nurses, is responsible for reporting improper or substandard medical care, child and elder abuse, and communicable diseases, as specified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Disagreementsare not mandated reportable situations. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 12 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 16. What is one way to promote open communication between patients and practitioners? A) Involving health-care consumers as active members of the health-care team B) Promoting the creation of cultures of patient safety in health-care organizations C) Establishing a federal leadership locus for advocacy of patient safety andhealth-care quality D) Building an evidence-based information and technology system that impactspatient safety and pursue proposals to offset implementation costs Ans: A Feedback: One way to promote open communication between patients and practitioners is involving health-care consumers as active members of the health-care team. Pursing patient safety initiatives prevent medical injury by promoting the creation of cultures ofpatient safety in health-care organizations; establishing a federal leadership locus for advocacy of patient safety and health-care quality; and building an evidence- based information and technology system that impacts patient safety and pursue proposals to offset implementation costs. 17. What document permits a registered nurse to offer special skills and knowledge to thepublic in a particular jurisdiction when such practice would otherwise be unlawful? A) A state nursing license B) Institutional licensure C) ANA certificate D) ANA practice standardsNAns: A Feedback: In general, a license is a legal document that permits a person to offer special skills and knowledge to the public in a particular jurisdiction when such practice would otherwisebe unlawful. A state nursing license allows for the practice of nursing in a TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 15 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG D) Six Ans: C Feedbac k: Five components must be present for a professional to be held liable for malpractice: duty to use care, failure to meet standard of care, foreseeability of harm, direct relationship between failure to meet the TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 16 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG standard of care and injury can be proved, andinjury. TEST BANK FOR LEADERSHIP ROLES AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS IN NURSING 9TH EDITION BY MARQUIS Page 17 TESTBANKWORLD.ORG 21. Which statement is true regarding criminal law cases? Select all that apply. A) Incarceration is a likely consequence of being found guilty of a criminal offense B) Intentionally giving an overdose of a potent narcotic is a criminal offense C) A guilty verdict requires evidence beyond a reasonable doubt D) Most malpractice cases are tried in criminal courtAns: A, B, C Feedback: In criminal cases, the individual faces charges generally filed by the state or federal attorney general for crimes committed against an individual or society. In criminal cases, the individual is always presumed to be innocent unless the state can prove his orher guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Incarceration and even death are possible consequences for being found guilty in criminal matters. Nurses found guilty of intentionally administering fatal doses of drugs to patients would be charged in a criminal court. Most malpractice cases are tried in civil court. 22. Which behavior will best minimize a nurse's risk for a malpractice claim? A) Always carry a personal liability insurance policy B) Always function with the state's nursing practice act C) Ask for assistance when engaged in complicated procedures D) Devote time to establishing an effective nurse–patient relationshipAns: B Feedback: Nurses can reduce the risk ofNmalpractice claims by practicing within the scope of the Nurse Practice Act. Nurses should purchase their own liability insurance and understandthe limits of their policies. Although this will not prevent a malpractice suit, it should help to protect a nurse from financial ruin should there be a malpractice claim. While the other options present reasonable advice, they will not necessarily help in the avoidance of a malpractice claim.