Anatomy and Physiology: Terms Relating to the Human Body, Quizzes of Physiology

Download Anatomy and Physiology: Terms Relating to the Human Body and more Quizzes Physiology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Receptor DEFINITION 1 A sensor that is sensitive to a particular stimulus or environmental change TERM 2 Control Center DEFINITION 2 Receives and processes the information supplied by the receptor and sends out commands TERM 3 Effector DEFINITION 3 A cell or organ that responds to the commands of the control center and whose activity either opposes tor enhances the stimulus TERM 4 Homeostatic Regulatory Mechanism DEFINITION 4 1. Receptor2. Control Center3. Effector TERM 5 Set Point DEFINITION 5 Desired value TERM 6 Integumentary System DEFINITION 6 Major Organs: Skin, hair, sweat glands, nailsFunctions: Protects agains environmental hazards Helps regulate body temperature Provides sensory information TERM 7 Skeletal System DEFINITION 7 Major Organs: Bones, cartilages, associated ligaments, bone marrowFunctions: Provides support and protection for other tissues Stores calcium and other minerals Forms blood cells TERM 8 Muscular System DEFINITION 8 Major Organs: Skeletal muscles and associated tendonsFunctions: Provides movement Provides protection and support for other tissues Generates heat that maintains body temperature TERM 9 Nervous System DEFINITION 9 Major Organs: Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervesFunctions: Directs immediate responses to stimuli Coordinates or moderates activities of other organ systems Provides and interprets sensory information about external conditions TERM 10 Endocrine System DEFINITION 10 Major Organs: Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Pancreas, Adrenal glands, Gonads, Endocrine tissues in other systemsFunctions: Directs long-term changes in the activities of other organ systems Adjusts metabolic activity and energy use by the body Controls many structural and functional changes during development TERM 21 Anatomical Postition DEFINITION 21 Hands are at the sides with the palms facing forward and the feet are together TERM 22 Supine DEFINITION 22 Anatomical position when face up TERM 23 Prone DEFINITION 23 Anatomical position when face down TERM 24 Abdominopelvic Quandrants DEFINITION 24 Formed by a pair of imaginary perpendicular lines that intersect at the umbilicus TERM 25 Abdominopelvic Regions DEFINITION 25 Right/Left Hypochondriac RegionRight/Left Lumbar RegionRight/Left Inguinal RegionEpigastric RegionUmbilical RegionHypogastric (pubic) region TERM 26 Proximal DEFINITION 26 Toward the point of attachment TERM 27 Distal DEFINITION 27 Away from the point of attachment TERM 28 Medial DEFINITION 28 Toward the midline TERM 29 Lateral DEFINITION 29 Away from the midline TERM 30 Cranial or Cephalic DEFINITION 30 Toward the head TERM 31 Posterior or Dorsal DEFINITION 31 The back of the surface TERM 32 Anterior Ventral DEFINITION 32 The front surface TERM 33 Caudal DEFINITION 33 Toward the tail TERM 34 Deep DEFINITION 34 Toward the interior of the body; farther from the surface TERM 35 Transverse Plane DEFINITION 35 Divides the body into superior and inferior portion. Cross section TERM 46 Pelvic Cavity DEFINITION 46 Inferior to the abdominal cavity. Bones of the pelvis form the walls of the pelvic cavity and layer of muscle forms its floor. Contains the urinary bladder, various reproductive organs, and the distal portions of the large intestine. Also contains inferior portions of the urinary bladder of both sexes.In females, it contains the ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus. In males, it contains the prostate gland and the seminal glands. TERM 47 Acute DEFINITION 47 A disease of short duration but typically severe TERM 48 Chemotheraphy DEFINITION 48 The treatment of disease or mental disorder by the use of chemical substances, especially the treatment of cancer by cytotoxic and other drugs TERM 49 Chronic DEFINITION 49 Illness persisting for a long time or constantly recurring. Often contrasted with acute TERM 50 Epidemiology DEFINITION 50 The branch of science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health TERM 51 Etiology DEFINITION 51 The science and study of the causes of diseases TERM 52 Idiopathic DEFINITION 52 Denoting any disease or condition of unknown cause TERM 53 Morbidity DEFINITION 53 The state of being diseased or unhealthy, or the incidence of disease in population TERM 54 Pathophysiology DEFINITION 54 The functional changes that accompany a particular syndrome or disease TERM 55 Syndrome DEFINITION 55 A condition characterized by a group of associated symptoms TERM 56 da Vinci DEFINITION 56 Drew detailed anatomical picture TERM 57 Galen DEFINITION 57 Wrote one of the first books of prescriptions and medical treatments TERM 58 Aselepius DEFINITION 58 Greek God of healing TERM 59 Hippcrates DEFINITION 59 Father of medicine TERM 60 Vitruvius DEFINITION 60 Vitruvian ManInspired da Vinci TERM 71 Chest DEFINITION 71 Thoracic or thorax TERM 72 Breast DEFINITION 72 Mammary TERM 73 Stomach DEFINITION 73 Abdominal or abdomen TERM 74 Navel DEFINITION 74 Umbilical TERM 75 Plevis DEFINITION 75 Pelvic TERM 76 Hip DEFINITION 76 Coxal TERM 77 Groin DEFINITION 77 Inguinal TERM 78 Pubis DEFINITION 78 Pubic TERM 79 Armpit DEFINITION 79 Axillary TERM 80 Arm DEFINITION 80 Brachial TERM 81 Front of elbow DEFINITION 81 Antecubital TERM 82 Forearm DEFINITION 82 Antebrachial TERM 83 Wrist DEFINITION 83 Carpal TERM 84 Hand DEFINITION 84 Metacarpal or manual TERM 85 Palm of Hand DEFINITION 85 Palmar TERM 96 Shoulders DEFINITION 96 Acromial or scapular TERM 97 Upper Back DEFINITION 97 Dorsal or scapular TERM 98 Lower Back DEFINITION 98 Lumbar TERM 99 Buttocks DEFINITION 99 Gluteal TERM 100 Back of Elbow DEFINITION 100 Olecranal TERM 101 Back of Knee DEFINITION 101 Popliteal TERM 102 Calf DEFINITION 102 Sural TERM 103 Sacrum DEFINITION 103 Sacral TERM 104 Sole of Foot DEFINITION 104 Plantar TERM 105 Heel of Foot DEFINITION 105 Calcaneal TERM 106 Head DEFINITION 106 Cephalic TERM 107 a-, an- DEFINITION 107 without, absent TERM 108 af- DEFINITION 108 toward TERM 109 ana- DEFINITION 109 up TERM 110 bio- DEFINITION 110 life TERM 121 stasis- DEFINITION 121 standing still TERM 122 trans- DEFINITION 122 through TERM 123 -asis DEFINITION 123 state, condition TERM 124 -ology DEFINITION 124 study of TERM 125 -sect DEFINITION 125 to cut TERM 126 -tomy DEFINITION 126 to cut TERM 127 Caduceus DEFINITION 127 Staff used as a symbol of healing TERM 128 DEFINITION 128 10% of what they read20% of what they hear30% of what they see50% of what they see and hear70% of what they say or write90% of what they say as they are doing a thing