Organic Chemistry Glossary: Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Chemistry

Download Organic Chemistry Glossary: Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Carbon DEFINITION 1 -can form four single bonds -double bond and two single bonds -two double bonds -triple bond and a single bond TERM 2 Isomers DEFINITION 2 cmpds with identical composition but different structures TERM 3 Structural isomer DEFINITION 3 same elemental composition but atoms are linked in different ways -ex Ch3Ch2OH and Ch3OCh3 TERM 4 stereoisomers DEFINITION 4 cmpds with the same formula and in which there is a similar attachment of atoms but different orientations in space 2 types: geometric and optical TERM 5 geometric isomers DEFINITION 5 occur as result of cc double bond -cis trans TERM 6 optical isomers DEFINITION 6 -nonsuperimposable mirror images (chiral) -pairs of these are called enantiomers TERM 7 hydrocarbons DEFINITION 7 In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. alkanes- c-c single bonds CnH2n+2 cycloalkanes-c-c single bonds CnH2n alkenes- c-c double bond with CnH2n alkynes- c-c triple bond CnH2n-2 aromatics- ring with double bonds TERM 8 alkanes DEFINITION 8 all single c-c and c-h bonds -low reactivity -colorless - nonpolar, not soluable in water -2 reactions -combustion - halogen substitution -ane suffix TERM 9 alkenes DEFINITION 9 -c-c chain with at least one double bond -more reactive than alkanes -unsaturated carbons -ene suffix -we can increase the bonds to carbon -Undergo hydrogenation and halogenation -cis/trans isomers TERM 10 alkynes DEFINITION 10 contain at least one c-c triple bond -yne suffix -addition reactions