Collective Action and Social Movements: Terms, Definitions, and Theories, Quizzes of Introduction to Sociology

Download Collective Action and Social Movements: Terms, Definitions, and Theories and more Quizzes Introduction to Sociology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Collective Action DEFINITION 1 the purposive nature of people's behavior when they collectively celebrate, mourn, worship, protest, compete in athletics, or confront disasterslExamples: Olympic events, relief efforts for Hurricane Sandy and the Boston bombing TERM 2 Social movements DEFINITION 2 defined by Herbert Blumer as collective action designed to produce a new social orderlExamples: Environmental movements (subgroups include Greenpeace, World Wildlife fund, Earth Liberation Front), Occupy movement, Tea Party TERM 3 Collective Behavior DEFINITION 3 is action of people in groups or crowds, usually as a reaction to an event or to express a common sentimentlExamples: Spontaneous celebrations in streets in D.C. following news that Obama had won 2008 election, Gangnam Style fad, Swine flu panic TERM 4 Mass Hysteria Theory DEFINITION 4 also known as contagion theoryby Gustav LeBonbased on the idea that individuals in crowds lose their ability to think and act rationally TERM 5 Contagious Mental Unity DEFINITION 5 a sense of a shared emotional bond that emerges whenever people interact in a group TERM 6 Ingredients of Contagion Theory DEFINITION 6 1) Intensity of behavior-lose inhibitions and get worked up 2) Homogeneity of mood and action- increasingly suggestible 3) Irrational behavior- mental unity overcomes rationality, distorted perceptions, feelings of power emerge TERM 7 Milling DEFINITION 7 Blumer proposed that remarkable events dispose people to gather together and then to anxiously move about in a seemingly aimless and random fashionpart of the circular reaction process TERM 8 Interpretive Phase DEFINITION 8 lResponding to others remarks and gestures, rehearsing or visualizing a possible response, conveying a response lIt is within this stage where rationality resides, where outcomes of action are envisioned, where alternative lines of action are compared TERM 9 Types of Crowds DEFINITION 9 lActing crowd milling occurring, people end up with a common mood in a group that stabilizes and makes them want to act collectively lExpressive crowd crowd develops a goal and acts with unity to achieve that goal TERM 10 Groups similar to crowds DEFINITION 10 lPublic- aggregative people from the same social class that are concerned about a certain issueEx. Town hall meetinglMass- all types of social classes come together loosely with the same view or ideaGold Rush, Black Friday Shoppers, TERM 21 Political Process Theory DEFINITION 21 examines the interaction of competing interests and opportunity structures in groups decisions and ability to produce social change TERM 22 Phases of Social Movement DEFINITION 22 1.Assembling Phase: factors that bring people together into the same place at the same time 2.Gathering Phase: behaviors occurring during a social movement 3.Dispersal Phase: behaviors leading to the end of a social movement gathering lRoutine dispersal,Coerced dispersal,Emergency dispersal TERM 23 Coalition DEFINITION 23 an alliance of actors formed for the purpose of achieving a goal, mitigating power differences lThis typically occurs where there are huge power disparities TERM 24 Social Dilemma DEFINITION 24 a situation where self-interests and group-interests conflict and if all members act according to self-interest, results will be bad for all. TERM 25 Types of Social Dilemma DEFINITION 25 The free-rider problem occurs when some actorscan reap the benefits of a group effort withoutincurring the costs. Not everyone canfree-ride, or else there is no public good for anyone. Tragedy of the Commons: Self-interest is to use up as much of the public good as possible for oneself. However, not everyone can do this or the public good will be depleted. Prisoners Dilemma