Demography: Terms and Concepts in the Study of Human Populations, Quizzes of Introduction to Sociology

Download Demography: Terms and Concepts in the Study of Human Populations and more Quizzes Introduction to Sociology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Demography DEFINITION 1 Demography is the statistical study of human populations. TERM 2 Exponential Growth Curve DEFINITION 2 If growth doubles at equal intervals or time, it suddenly accelerates. ex) Think units of 1 year. There are 2 people initially, a year later there are 4. A year later it doubles again so there are 8, then 16, then 32 then suddenly gets very large, like 1,000, Part of the neo-malthus theory TERM 3 Malthus Theorem DEFINITION 3 Published in the book: Malthus Theory: An Essay on Principles of Population - 1797 *Food increases arithmetically *Humans increase geometrically *2 Population Checks 1. Preventive (birth control, abstinence) 2. Positive (war, natural disasters) TERM 4 Demographic Transition Theory DEFINITION 4 The demographic transition (DT) is a model used to represent the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre- industrial to an industrialized economic system. TERM 5 4 Stages of the Demographic Transition Theory DEFINITION 5 Stage 1: High Birth Rate and High Death Rate Stage 2: High Birth Rate, Low Death Rate (transition phase, population explosion) Stage 3: Low Birth Rate, Low Death Rate (we are currently in this phase) Stage 4: Lower Birth Rate, Lower Death Rate (shrinking population) TERM 6 Fertility Rate DEFINITION 6 Average Births Per Lifetime TERM 7 Fecundity DEFINITION 7 Maximum number of children a woman can have. TERM 8 Net Migration Rate DEFINITION 8 Net migration rate is the difference of immigrants and emigrants of an area in a period of time, divided (usually) per 1,000 inhabitants (considered on midterm population). (Immigrants - Emmigrants) / 1000 TERM 9 Growth Rate DEFINITION 9 The net change after people have been added and subtracted to a population. TERM 10 Zero Population Growth DEFINITION 10 Zero population growth, sometimes abbreviated ZPG, (also called the replacement level of fertility)is a condition of demographic balance where the number of people in a specified population neither grows nor declines, considered as a social aim.