Download Chapter 15 | PSYC 2044 - Psychology of Learning and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Computer Model for Memory DEFINITION 1 Encoding: How you transform a physical, sensory input into a kind of representation that can be placed in memory Storage: How you retain encoded information in memory Retrieval: How you gain access to information stored in memory TERM 2 Three Stage Memory Theory DEFINITION 2 Consists of three important components: Sensory Register Short-Term Memory (STM) Long-Term Memory (LTM) TERM 3 Sensory Memory DEFINITION 3 Sensory Register- the shortest stage of memory Iconic Memory (visual based) ~1/4 sec Echoic Memory (auditory based) ~4 sec >75% of information eliminated at this level TERM 4 Short-Term Memory DEFINITION 4 When you select sensory information for further processing (attention) -> STM Duration: on average, about 30 seconds; max about 60 seconds (unless rehearsed) Capacity: 7 +/- 2 items Chunking can help reduce larger amounts of info to fit in that capacity TERM 5 Working Memory DEFINITION 5 Working memory differs from short-term because working memory is in current use Baddeley ran experiments requiring subjects to remember more than one thing at a time We seem to be able to do so if they are all different types of tasks Phonological Loop- used to remember auditory information TERM 6 Baddeley's Model DEFINITION 6 Visuospatial Sketchpad- for visual imagery memory Should be able to maintain auditory memory while using visuospatial WM Episodic Buffer- for integrating information with time sequencing: like a movie or short story Central Executive- core system for controlling and directing the "slave" systems TERM 7 Long-Term Memory DEFINITION 7 Stores information for long periods of time Info usually makes it to LTM due to rehearsal (ex. motor memory, studying, re-living/re-telling experiences) More semantic than sensory No known limit to how much can be stored Debate: Do we forget or is it a problem with retrieval? TERM 8 LTM Types DEFINITION 8 Nondeclarative Memory Implicitmemories Procedural memory -aka motor or muscle memory -(ex. riding a bike) Classical Conditioning Declarative Memory Explicit memories Semantic memory (ex. Jepoardy answers) Episodic memory (ex. Autobiographical memories, what you did on your last birthday, etc.) TERM 9 Types of Memories DEFINITION 9 Declarative Semantic Episodic Non-declarative Classical Conditioning Procedural TERM 10 Where do memories live? DEFINITION 10 Hippocampus Long-term Episodic Frontal Lobes Semantic Procedural Working memory
