Download Animal Genetics and Breeding: Terms and Concepts and more Quizzes Agricultural engineering in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Population DEFINITION 1 a group of intermating individuals; can refer to a breed, an entire species, a single herd or flock, or even a small group of animals within a herd TERM 2 Selection DEFINITION 2 the process that determines which individuals become parents, how many offspring they produce and how long they remain in teh breeding population TERM 3 Natural Selection DEFINITION 3 Selection that occurs in nature independent of deliberate human control TERM 4 Artificial Selection DEFINITION 4 Selection that is under human control TERM 5 to improve animal populations DEFINITION 5 What is the purpose of animal genetics TERM 6 replacement selection and culling DEFINITION 6 What are the two components of artificial selection? TERM 7 Replacement Selection DEFINITION 7 The process that determines which individuals will become parents for the first time TERM 8 Culling DEFINITION 8 The process that determines which parents will no longer remain parents TERM 9 Artificial Selection (AI) DEFINITION 9 A reproduvctive technology in which semen is collected from males, then used in fresh or frozen form to breed females TERM 10 Breeding Value DEFINITION 10 The value of an individual as a genetic parent TERM 21 Sire summary DEFINITION 21 A list of genetic predictions, accuracy values, and other useful information about sires a in a breed TERM 22 Polygenic trait DEFINITION 22 a triat affected by many genes, no single gene having an overriding influence TERM 23 simply-inherited trait DEFINITION 23 a trait affected by only a few genes TERM 24 major gene DEFINITION 24 a gene that has a readily discernible effect o a trait TERM 25 between-breed selection DEFINITION 25 the process that determines the breed(s) from which parents are selected TERM 26 Mating DEFINITION 26 the process that determines which males are bred to which females TERM 27 mating system DEFINITION 27 a set of rules for mating TERM 28 complementarity DEFINITION 28 an improvement in teh overall performance of offspring resulting from mating individuals with different but complementary breeding values TERM 29 crossbreeding DEFINITION 29 the mating of sires of one breed or breed combination to damns of another breed or breed combination TERM 30 crossbred DEFINITION 30 having parents of diffrent breeds or breeds combindation TERM 31 hybrid vigor/heterosis DEFINITION 31 an increase in the performance of hybrids over that of purebreds most noticeable in traits like fertility and survivability TERM 32 hybrid DEFINITION 32 an individual that is a combination of species, breeds within species, or lines within a breed TERM 33 inbreeding DEFINITION 33 the mating of two relatives TERM 34 inbreeding depression DEFINITION 34 the rverse of hybrid vigor a decrease in the performance of inbreds, most noticeably in traits like fertility and survivability TERM 35 corrective mating DEFINITION 35 a mating designed to correct in their progeny faults of one or both parents
