Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychology Terms, Quizzes of Cognitive Psychology

Download Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychology Terms and more Quizzes Cognitive Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 ablation DEFINITION 1 removal of cells or tissues, often through surgical means. TERM 2 amygdala DEFINITION 2 area of brain in limbic system thought to be involved in mood, feeling, instinct, and short-term memory TERM 3 aphasia DEFINITION 3 disorder of language TERM 4 cerebellum DEFINITION 4 Part of the brain that controls balance and muscular coordination TERM 5 cerebral cortex DEFINITION 5 surface of the cerebrum, the largest structure of the brain, containing both sensory and motor nerve cell bodies TERM 6 CAT scan DEFINITION 6 imaging technique in which a highly focused beam of X-rays is passed through the body from many different angles. Differing density of the organs of the body result in different deflections of the X-rays, which allows visualization of the organ TERM 7 corpus callosum DEFINITION 7 large neural structure containing fibers that connect the right and left cerebral hemispheres TERM 8 EEG DEFINITION 8 technique to measure brain activity, specifically, to detect different states of consciousness. Metal electrodes are positioned all over the scalp. The waveforms that are recorded change in predictable ways when the person being recorded is awake and alert, drowsy, asleep, or in a coma TERM 9 event related potential DEFINITION 9 electrical recording technique to measure the response of the brain to various stimuli TERM 10 executive functioning DEFINITION 10 planning, making decisions, implementing strategies, inhibiting inappropriate behaviors, and using working memory TERM 21 medulla oblongata DEFINITION 21 in the hindbrain that transmits information from the spinal cord to the brain and regulates life support functions such as respiration, blood pressure, coughing, sneezing, vomiting, and heart rate TERM 22 midbrain DEFINITION 22 structures that are involved in relaying information between other brain regions TERM 23 motor cortex DEFINITION 23 in the frontal lobe that controls fine motor movement TERM 24 occipital lobe DEFINITION 24 vision TERM 25 parietal lobe DEFINITION 25 primary somatosensory cortex TERM 26 phrenology DEFINITION 26 idea (now discredited) that psychological strengths and weaknesses could be precisely correlated to the relative sizes of different brain areas TERM 27 plasticity DEFINITION 27 ability of some brain regions to take over functions of damaged regions TERM 28 pons DEFINITION 28 in the hindbrain that acts as a neural relay center, facilitating the crossover of information between the left side of the body and the right side of the brain and vice versa TERM 29 PET scan DEFINITION 29 brain imaging technique that shows which areas of the brain are most active at a given point in time TERM 30 pre-frontal cortex DEFINITION 30 executive functioning TERM 31 primary somatosensory cortex DEFINITION 31 processing of sensory information from the bodyfor example, sensations of pain, pressure, touch, or temperature TERM 32 thalamus DEFINITION 32 in the forebrain, involved in relaying information