Electromagnetic Radiation and Atomic Spectra: Terms, Definitions, and Concepts, Quizzes of Chemistry

Download Electromagnetic Radiation and Atomic Spectra: Terms, Definitions, and Concepts and more Quizzes Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Electromagnetic Radiation DEFINITION 1 All forms of electromagnetic radiation travel through space as oscillating waves. They move in a vacuum at the same speed, the speed of light, 3.0x10^8 m/s Characterized by wavelength and frequency TERM 2 Wavelength DEFINITION 2 The distance between two corresponding points on a wave. TERM 3 Frequency DEFINITION 3 A measure of the number of wave cycles that move through a point in space in 1 s. TERM 4 Photon Energy DEFINITION 4 Light exists as both waves and particles (or packets of light called photons) TERM 5 Relationships of Wavelength, Frequency, and Photon Energy DEFINITION 5 Wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional Energy of a photon is directly proportional to the frequency and inversely proportional to the wavelength TERM 6 Atomic Spectra DEFINITION 6 white light, such as sun light or light from a regular light bulb, gives a continuous spectrum: - when visible light passes through a prism, its components separate into a spectrum - when an element has been heated or subjected to an electric change, it generates a line spectrum - The line spectrum of each element is unique, so it can be used to identify the element TERM 7 Bohr's Model of Hydrogen Atom DEFINITION 7 - electrons orbit the nucleus in specific circular pathways. this means the electrons can have one certain energies (energies are quantized) - its energy increases as its distance from the nucleus increases - when the electron moves from a higher-energy orbit to a lower-energy orbit, it loses energy equal to the difference in energy between the orbits TERM 8 The Modern Model of the Atom DEFINITION 8 - based on Schrodinger's mathematical model of waves - the energies of electrons are still quantized, but this model describes electrons as occupying orbitals, not orbits TERM 9 Orbitals DEFINITION 9 three dimensional regions in space where electrons are likely to be found; not a circular pathway TERM 10 Principal Energy Levels DEFINITION 10 orbitals of similar size exist in the same principal energy level (n=1,2,3...) As the principal energy level increases, the orbital extends further from the nucleus