Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research, Exams of Nursing

Download Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Which of the following characteristics is not part of a quantitative research design? - correct answer Saturation Which of the following is not an independent variable? - correct answer Outcome Quantitative research is often identified with which method of gathering data? - correct answer Scientific Nonexperimental designs generate _____ for _____ designs. - correct answer Questions; experimental One of the most common and important characteristics of a quantitative design is - correct answer Control. Manipulation of which variable is connected to control? - correct answer Independent Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Randomization helps to eliminate - correct answer Bias. Generalization can _____ a study. - correct answer Strengthen A comparative design has - correct answer Only measurement of the dependent variable. AND No manipulation and control of the independent variable. (BOTH B AND C) A correlational study looks at the - correct answer Relationship of two or more variables. Issues related to experimental design include - correct answer Manipulation of all variables, ethics, and feasibility. Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Quality improvement (QI) projects are considered - correct answer To focus on only patient satisfaction. Root cause analysis (RCA) had its origin in - correct answer Military industry. The Joint Commission mandated RCAs in - correct answer 1997 A literature review is - correct answer an analytical summary of research findings. The purpose of the literature review is to - correct answer All of the above (Id a problem that has not been resolved, clarify the importance of a research problem, Id gaps in the literature). Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers The literature review should occur - correct answer early in the research process When conducting a literature review, it is advisable to - correct answer seek assistance from a librarian Evidenced-based nursing literature provides the nurse with the ability to - correct answer describe and analyze published research results A database differs from a search engine in the following manner: - correct answer All of the above ( database stores the information, search engine takes you to the information, databases are specialized by area of knowledge). The database that is considered the premier bibliographin database for providing access in the North Americas for biomedical literature is - correct answer MEDLINE Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers It is appropriate to use key word searches in which of the following contexts? - correct answer Ovid The purpose section of a research study usually - correct answer tells why the study was done The gaps in the literature are - correct answer missing pieces in the knowledge of the reasearch area. The main difference between a research article and a non-research article is - correct answer a research article describes research by the original author Developing a research study to investigate the availability of health care for minority children whose families are on welfare is an example of a research problem generated primarily from - correct answer Social issues Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Which statement by a fellow student best describes a confounding variable? - correct answer "A variable that can't be controlled." Which of the following best represents a dichotomous variable? - correct answer Gender Which of the following represents a simple hypothesis? - correct answer Exposure to pet therapy increases appetite in elderly patients. What is the difference between a null hypothesis and a directional hypothesis? - correct answer One assumes a relationship; the other denies that one exists. Which statement best represents the relationship between a causal and an associative hypothesis? - correct answer They are the opposite of each other. Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers An operational definition of a variable is one that is: - correct answer Narrow and concrete. A researcher who wishes to study the impact of having a child with cystic fibrosis on family functioning contacts the local chapter of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation for assistance in finding parents to interview. Parents of children with cystic fibrosis in the local chapter are the: - correct answer Accessible population. In a study of the use of simulation in nursing education, the researcher specifies that participants must be nursing students 18 years of age or older who are in their first clinical nursing course. These specifications are an example of - correct answer Inclusion criteria. Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers 3: A sample that accurately reflects the characteristics of the population is known as a - correct answer Representative sample. Which of the following types of studies would require the largest sample size? - correct answer Experimental study A researcher has decided to conduct a satisfaction survey among all of the patients who presented to the emergency department over a two-month period of time. This is an example of - correct answer Convenience sampling. In a study of nursing students' attitudes toward caring for patients with hypertension who are noncompliant with their medications, the researcher randomly selected a sample of nursing students from a list of all students enrolled in each of five nursing programs that had been randomly selected from one state. Because the sample was randomly selected, to which population can the Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Selection of the appropriate statistical technique is based on - correct answer All of the above: The research question.The level of measurement of the independent variable or variables. and The level of measurement of the dependent variable or variables. What do statistically significant findings imply? - correct answer The results are likely due to real differences among groups. A researcher investigated the relationship between vitamin C (none, 500 mg, 1,000 mg) and workers (office, outdoors) in terms of the frequency of colds. Which of the following is (are) the dependent variable(s)? - correct answer colds Which of the following is an inferential statistic? - correct answer t-test Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Which statistical test has a dependent variable that is nominal in nature? - correct answer Chi-square The standard deviation is - correct answer The square root of the variance. The t-test is used to - correct answer Test whether two groups differ significantly. Use of a one-tailed versus a two-tailed test of significance of the difference between two samples is determined by - correct answer Whether the difference is expected to be in one direction only. Nurses must critically assess research studies to - correct answer Determine the applicability of their findings to practice Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Of the nine types of critiques, which of the following are considered essential to EBP? - correct answer Student, practicing nurse, and peer review critiques The purpose of a study applies to EBP when it - correct answer Adds to the body of nursing knowledge. A hypothesis may be described by which of the following terms? - correct answer Proposes, predicts, supposes, tests An essential component of a critique is a description of how the data were collected. Which of the following statements provides the best data collection description? - correct answer The data was collected at 2-week intervals using a pre-test/post-test procedure. Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers One unique aspect present in reports of mixed method research projects is a(an) - correct answer Rationale for the utilization of the method. Sentinel events require - correct answer A root cause analysis. What does an evidence-based practice provide to an expanding healthcare environment? - correct answer Compliance with the medical plan of care What goal of the IOM national proficiency list is fundamental to the provision of safe and effective patient care? - correct answer Practicing evidence-based medicine What critical element most likely impacts the day-to-day positive health outcomes for integrating patient preferences? - correct answer Strong administration Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers What type of nursing leadership best serves the expanding healthcare environment and patient-centered care? - correct answer Transformational leadership When a nurse desires to conduct an investigation about decreasing the level of noise in his critical care units due to family complaints, what type of study best serves the purpose of this institutional problem? - correct answer Qualitative study Which action best supports the healthcare team rounding together to provide patient-centered care? - correct answer Working in interdisciplinary teams When the nurse strives to facilitate the implementation of evidence-based practice to change the culture of the institution, what positive theme may emerge during the process? - correct answer Development of partnerships Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers How has the Affordable Care Act most directly impacted the nursing profession? - correct answer Expanded nursing roles and responsibilities What is a notable concern related to scoring or grading the level of evidence with the current tools? - correct answer The tools lack classification for mixed method studies. Why is effectiveness an important consideration when determining the level of evidence? - correct answer Psychological aspects of the intervention are included. Which of these examples represent an effective application of safe and competent nursing care delivery? The nurse: - correct answer Reads peer-reviewed nursing research articles to determine the best care to be provided Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers What does an EBP provide to an expanding healthcare environment? - correct answer Compliance with the medical plan of care What goal of the IOM national proficiency list is fundamental to the provision of safe and effective patient care? - correct answer Practicing evidence-based medicine What critical element most likely impacts the day-to-day positive health outcomes for integrating patient preferences? - correct answer Strong administration What type of nursing leadership best serves the expanding healthcare environment and patient-centered care? - correct answer Transformational leadership When a nurse desires to conduct an investigation about decreasing the level of noise in his critical care units due Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers to family complaints, what type of study best serves the purpose of this institutional problem? - correct answer Qualitative study Which action best supports the healthcare team rounding together to provide patient-centered care? - correct answer Working in interdisciplinary teams When the nurse strives to facilitate the implementation of evidence-based practice to change the culture of the institution, what positive theme may emerge during the process? - correct answer Development of partnerships How has the Affordable Care Act most directly impacted the nursing profession? - correct answer Expanding nursing roles and responsibilities What is a notable concern related to scoring or grading the level of evidence with the current tools? - correct Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers answer The tools lack classification for mixed method studies Why is effectiveness an important consideration when determining the level of evidence? - correct answer Psychological aspects of the intervention are included The research role of the BSN nurse includes: - correct answer Providing leadership in integrating research into practice Potential areas of nursing research identified by the National Institute of Nursing Research include: - correct answer Chronic illness, health promotion, disease prevention, and end-of-life care What year was the first issue of "Nursing Research" published? - correct answer 1952 Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Best practices in nursing can be defined as: - correct answer nursing actions that produce desirable patient outcomes The Institute of Medicine's publication "Keeping Patients Safe" focuses on: - correct answer transforming the work environment for nurses Theories are: - correct answer a guide for research and practice QA/QI data are now considered: - correct answer valid evidence to guide practice The research process allows for: - correct answer the best method to address the problems Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers When developing a nursing research project, why is it important to remember the ethical constraints? - correct answer The protection of human subjects underlies all human research projects The atrocities performed on prisoners in Nazi Germany violated which ethical principles? - correct answer autonomy, nonmaleficence, and respect Protection of vulnerable individuals is a critical ethical component in human research studies. How did Edward Jenner fail to meet this standard when he tested swinepox on his 1-year old son? - correct answer He ignored the point that he could not get informed consent from his son, who was particularly vulnerable The Tuskegee Syphilis study lasted many years, and none of the human subjects were properly informed about the study's conduct. Which ethical principle was egregiously ignored in this study? - correct answer Autonomy Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Why does an ethical research environment assist with ensuring scientific integrity? - correct answer The researcher always works within an ethical environment, which encourages the practice of ethical research behaviors Why do federal regulations specify that the makeup of the institutional review board should reflect cultural and gender diversity and an awareness of local mores? - correct answer This practice ensures that all research projects presented to the IRB will receive fair examination and will not be denied without discussion Why is it important that the researcher be competent to conduct researcher? - correct answer It is not ethically appropriate for an incompetent person to conduct research Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers ethical standards of the profession require the same obligations from the nurse researcher. Why? - correct answer Because of an obligation inherent within the nursing profession The nurse is developing a question for an EBP project involving the fall rate of patients 65 years of age and older. What should the initial ethical consideration be? - correct answer the age of the population EBP projects in your institution are not required to obtain IRB approval. What must the nurse in charge of the EBP project still do? - correct answer maintain anonymity and confidentiality of patient information Potential areas of nursing research identified by the National Institute of Nursing Research include: A. stem cell research B. application of pharmaceuticals in clinical practice Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers C. chronic illness, health promotion, disease prevention, and end-of-life care D. health care literacy - correct answer C The research role of the BSN nurse includes: A. Identifying clinical problems that require investigation, assisting experienced investigators to gain access to clinical sites, and collecting data B. Creating a climate in the practice setting that promotes scholarly inquiry, scientific integrity, and scientific investigation of clinical nursing problems C. Collaborating with experienced investigators in proposal development, data collection, data analysis, and interpretation of results D. Providing leadership in integrating research into practice - correct answer D Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers What year was the first issue of Nursing Research published? A. 1858 B. 1952 C. 1985 D. 1992 - correct answer B The Nursing Studies Index, the first annotated index of nursing research, was the work of A. Florence Nightingale B. Virginia Henderson C. Marita Titler D. Dorothea Orem - correct answer B The ANA position statement acknowledges that A. researchers identify clinical problems and study them Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers C. didactic D. evaluation - correct answer B Basic research is also known as bench research and is defined as research to gain knowledge for: A. use in academia B. use in clinical practice C. knowledge's sake D. use in biochemistry - correct answer C Applied research builds a body of knowledge for nursing practice because it is the basis of: A. evidence-based practice B. clinical pathways C. nursing processes D. nursing diagnoses - correct answer C Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Success for nursing research come primarily from two sources: A. business and occupational settings B. academic and healthcare settings C. urban and rural settings D. pharmaceutical and business settings - correct answer B Best practices in nursing can be defined as A. a well-written plan of nursing care B. a systems approach to nursing care C. nursing actions that produce desirable patient outcomes D. a way for nurses to justify their care - correct answer C Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers The Institute of Medicine's publication Keeping Patients Safe focuses on A. building a safer health system B. processes to report medication errors C. transforming the work environment for nurses D. healthcare reform - correct answer C Theories are: A. a guide for research and practice B. considered to be a specific explanation of an idea C. not essential to research or EBP D. static and do not change over time - correct answer A QA/QI data are now considered: A. valid research to guide practice B. valid evidence to guide practice Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers B. he did not know any better C. he ignored the point that he could not get informed consent from his son, who was particularly vulnerable D. he did not fail - correct answer C The Tuskegee Syphilis Study lasted many years, and none of the human subjects were properly informed about the study's conduct. Which ethical principle was egregiously ignored in this study? A. autonomy B. respect C. nonmaleficence D. justice - correct answer A Why does an ethical research environment assist with ensuring scientific integrity? A. within this environment, expectations for scientific integrity are laid out Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers B. federal regulations related to ethical standards are adhered to, increasing the likelihood of integrity C. the researcher always works within an ethical environment, which encourages the practice of ethical research behaviors D. scientific integrity ensures funding - correct answer C Why do federal regulations specify that the makeup of the institutional review board should reflect cultural and gender diversity and an awareness of local mores? A. this practice ensures that all research projects presented to the IRB will receive fair examination and will not be denied without discussion B. gender studies have not been common until recently and females react differently to different treatments C. awareness of local customs and culture means that both IRB members and researchers understand issues of concern in a non-american population Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers D. there is now great interest in researching healthcare issues in persons of different cultures - correct answer A Why is it important that the researcher be competent to conduct research? A. it is not ethically appropriate for an incompetent person to conduct research B. an incompetent researcher will not be able to get informed consent from the vulnerable subject, which is unethical C. an incompetent researcher should always work with someone who is competent, so that he or she can learn the process D. research is a complicated process that has to be learned - correct answer A what is the issue of greatest concern when developing a research project? Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Nurses are mandated to: - correct answer do no harm to patients. Nursing research is critical for the development of nursing knowledge. In what domain does nursing research lie within? - correct answer Social science The atrocities performed on prisoners in Nazi Germany violated which ethical principles? - correct answer Autonomy, nonmaleficence, and respect Protection of vulnerable individuals is a critical ethical component in human research studies. How did Edward Jenner fail to meet this standard when he tested swinepox on his 1-year-old son? - correct answer He ignored the point that he could not get informed consent from his son, who was particularly vulnerable. Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers The Tuskegee Syphilis Study lasted many years, and none of the human subjects were properly informed about the study's conduct. Which ethical principle was egregiously ignored in this study? - correct answer Autonomy Why does an ethical research environment assist with ensuring scientific integrity? - correct answer The researcher always works within an ethical environment, which encourages the practice of ethical research behaviors. Why do federal regulations specify that the makeup of the institutional review board should reflect cultural and gender diversity and an awareness of local mores? - correct answer This practice ensures that all research projects presented to the IRB will receive fair examination and will not be denied without discussion. Why is it important that the researcher be competent to conduct research? - correct answer It is not ethically Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers appropriate for an incompetent person to conduct research. What is the issue of greatest concern when developing a research project? - correct answer The protection of the vulnerable subject A Certificate of Confidentiality may be required to protect both the researched and the researcher. Why? - correct answer The certificate protects the researcher and the researched from being coerced by governmental authorities to reveal sensitive information. Why do research questions have to be developed carefully? - correct answer Carefully developed and refined questions focus the research project. Why is informed consent a crucial issue in research projects? - correct answer The consenting subject will Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers attrition - correct answer When research participants drop out of a research study before it is complete ex:: A pretest-posttest study is conducted on the effectiveness of an anti-bullying campaign and 11 students drop out of the experiment before the posttest data is collected. Baseline Measurement - correct answer A measure of the dependent variable that occurs before the experimental manipulation in a within subject design ex:In the reality television experiment, a measure of participants' self-esteem before watching reality television Carryover effect - correct answer when previous stimuli affect the interpretation of subsequent stimuli Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers ex: Feelings of schadenfreude from an earlier show may be reflected in self-esteem measures following a subsequent show. Counterbalancing - correct answer An experimental design in which every possible order of stimuli is employed an equal number of times ex:In an experiment with three conditions and thirty participants, each of the six possible orders of conditions (ABC, ACB, BAC, BCA, CAB, and CBA) is utilized for five participants Dependent means t test - correct answer A statistic that determines whether two sets of scores are different (in a within design) Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers ex:In the reality television experiment, researchers could use this test to assess the hypothesis that after watching several reality television shows, participants' self-esteem will be significantly higher than it was before watching the shows. Fatigue effect - correct answer When a participant becomes tired and this impacts the dependent measure. This is a threat to internal validity. Ex: If the reality television experiment is long and boring, participants may start to show fatigue effects at the end of the experiment. history - correct answer When an external event occurs during the study. This is a threat to internal validity Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers Practice effect - correct answer When a participant changes their responses as a result of experience. ex: Evaluating several reality shows may make participants more perceptive as to the unique elements of each show. Pretest Posttest design - correct answer An experimental design conducted within subjects where the dependent variable is measured before and after the experimental manipulation ex:In the reality television experiment, a researcher assesses self-esteem before having a participant watch a reality television show and then assesses it again after they watch a reality television show. Repeated measures analysis of variance (repeated measures ANOVA) - correct answer A statistic used in a Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers repeated measures design with three or more conditions to test whether there is a significant effect of the independent variable and is measured following each level of the IV ex: In the reality television scenario, the experimenter selects several reality shows that vary in their likelihood to evoke schadenfreude and then assesses each participant's self-esteem after they watch each show. T-test for dependent means - correct answer A statistic that determines whether two sets of scores are different ex: In the reality television experiment, researchers could use this test to assess the hypothesis that after watching several reality television shows participants' self-esteem will be significantly higher than it was before watching the shows. Chapter 8 Research, Research Chapter 6, Research Ch. 5 & 7, Research chapter 12, Research 13, Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence- Based Practice, 4th Ed - Chapter 2 Quiz, NURS 225 Test 1 Book Questions, NURS 225 Test 2, Chapter 7 Questions And Answers testing effect - correct answer When taking a test multiple times, it can change overall response to the test. This is a threat to internal validity. ex: If participants are given a self-esteem test after each reality program, they may guess the purpose of the experiment and begin to answer questions differently than they did at the beginning of the experiment.